Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P10636 (tau protein)
 5,110 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In superficial CNS siderosis chronic subarachnoidal hemorrhage leads to hemosiderin deposits in the subpial layers of the brain and spinal cord. Many years usually pass between the initial event causing chronic bleedings and the development of cerebellar ataxia, sensory hearing loss and various sensorimotor deficits. The only therapeutic option is to identify and eliminate the bleeding source. Otherwise slow relentless decline to a bedridden state and dementia is usually unavoidable. However, it is not known how precisely leptomeningeal hemosiderin deposits induce progressive neurodegeneration. Here we present the first report of a patient with superficial CNS siderosis in whom cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of brain damage were assessed. Levels of neurofilament light protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, total tau protein and, most importantly, hyperphosphorylated tau protein were increased. The results indicate that in superficial CNS siderosis neurodegeneration may be secondary to iron toxicity and oxidative stress. Similar mechanisms have been suggested for other neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.
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PMID:Hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in superficial CNS siderosis. 1861 92

We report two cases of superficial siderosis (SS) of the central nervous system (CNS), which is caused by chronic haemorrhaging into the subarachnoid space with haemosiderin deposition in the superficial portion of the CNS. Patient 1 had fluid collection in the spinal canal, which was reported as the source of the chronic bleeding. Patient 2 was bleeding from thickened dura at the level of the sacral vertebrae. Both of the patients had xanthochromic cerebrospinal fluid. We surgically repaired the sources of bleeding. Subsequently the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cleared and their symptoms were not aggravated for about 1 year. We measured several CSF markers of SS before and after surgery. Total tau protein (CSF-t-tau), phosphorylated tau protein (CSF-p-tau), iron (CSF-iron) and ferritin (CSF-ferritin) in the CSF were highly elevated at diagnosis. After surgery, the levels of CSF-t-tau and CSF-p-tau were markedly reduced while CSF-iron and CSF-ferritin had not decreased. It is suggested that CSF-t-tau and CSF-p-tau reflected the neural damage in SS and were useful to evaluate the effectiveness of SS therapies.
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PMID:CSF tau protein is a useful marker for effective treatment of superficial siderosis of the central nervous system: two case reports. 1974 66