Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: UNIPROT:P10415 (Bcl-2)
33,771 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Plasmablastic lymphoma is an HIV-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that primarily affects the oral cavity and jaws. The purpose of this report is to describe the first case of plasmablastic lymphoma occurring in an HIV-negative, nonimmunocompromised individual, and to review the histopathologic and immunohistochemical phenotype of this lymphoma. Histopathologically, our case exhibited a dense, diffuse lymphocytic infiltrate of noncohesive large lymphocytes with plasmacytoid features. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed positivity for the B-cell marker CD79a, VS38c, Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein (LMP), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and lambda light chain restriction. Neoplastic cells were negative for leukocyte common antigen, CD20, CD3, CD10, CD138, Bcl-2, Bcl-6, desmin, actin, EMA, S-100, HMB45, Alk-1, HHV8, IgA, IgM, and cytokeratin. The features of this rare disease are summarized based on a comprehensive review of the epidemiologic, clinical and immunohistochemical findings of previously reported cases.
...
PMID:Oral plasmablastic lymphoma in an HIV-negative patient: a case report and review of the literature. 1603 78

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection has been implicated in the carcinogenesis of several types of human cancer, including gastric cancer. In contrast to two other EBV-related malingancies, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Hodgkins Lympomain which the latent membrane protein (LMP)-1 is often detected, in gastric cancer, BARF1, one of the early EBV genes, is frequently expressed in EBV-positive specimens. This indicates that expression of BARF1 may play a positive role in the development of gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of BARF1 expression in gastric cancer cells. First, a retroviral vector containing the full length BARF1 gene was transfected into an EBV negative gastric cancer cell line, BGC823, and stable transfectants expressing ectopic BARF1 were generated. Microarray analysis was then performed and gene expression profiles were analysed and compared between the cells expressing ectopic BARF1 and the vector control. In addition, the effect of BARF1 on gastric cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis was investigated by MTT assay, DAPI staining, flow cytometry as well as Western blotting. We found that expression of BARF1 in gastric cancer cells led to significant alterations of gene expression, especially genes related to proliferation and apoptosis. In addition, the BARF1 expressing cells were more resistant to apoptosis induced by a commonly used anticancer drug, taxol. This chemo-protective effect of BARF1 was associated with increased Bcl-2 and Bax ratio and decreased expression of cleaved PARP, but not alterations in cell proliferation. Our results suggest that BARF1 expression in gastric cancer cells may provide a protective role against apoptosis through an increased Bcl-2 to Bax ratio, thus promoting cancer cell survival.
...
PMID:Anti-apoptotic role of BARF1 in gastric cancer cells. 1605 93

We compared Etk/Bmx expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and non-neoplastic nasopharyngeal lesions in order to learn whether the expression of this non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase is associated with the development of NPC. We also related Etk/Bmx expression to factors resulting from Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. We used immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization to examine 20 non-neoplastic nasopharyngeal lesions and 49 cases of NPC to assess Etk/Bmx, EB virus latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1), Bcl-2 and EBV-encoded small RNA-1 expression in these samples. Etk/Bmx expression was present in the basal cell nuclei of the nasopharyngeal epithelium in 1/9 (11.1%) cases of chronic nasopharyngitis and 2/11 cases (18.2%) of dysplasia. While 13/49 (26.5%) NPC cases expressed Etk/Bmx, the difference in frequency between the expression of Etk/Bmx in the non-neoplastic and NPC cases was not significant. Etk/Bmx expression was correlated with the presence of EBER-1 immunopositivity in dysplasia and in NPC but not in chronic nasopharyngitis. The presence of Etk/Bmx immunopositivity was independent of the expression of either LMP-1 or Bcl-2 in either the nasopharyngeal carcinoma or the non-neoplastic lesions. This suggests that in some cases of non-neoplastic and neoplastic nasopharyngeal lesions, Etk/Bmx may participate in regulating epithelial differentiation. While EBV-related small RNA-1 may participate in this regulation, neither LMP-1 or Bcl-2 expression appears to be related to Etk/Bmx expression.
...
PMID:Expression of Etk/Bmx tyrosine kinase in the tumorigenicity of nasopharyngeal epithelium and its relation with EB virus infection and the apoptosis-related protein Bcl-2. 1645 22

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is causally linked to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and the EBV oncoprotein, latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1), is expressed in the majority of NPCs. LMP-1 upregulates antiapoptotic genes, including bcl-2, and Bcl-2 protein is overexpressed in NPC. Given the antiapoptotic and chemoprotective effects of Bcl-2, it represents a rational therapeutic target in NPC. We have investigated the antitumor and chemosensitizing effects of the Bcl-2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide G3139 (oblimersen, Genasense) in NPC. For these studies, we used the C666-1 line, a stably infected NPC-derived line that co-expresses LMP-1 and Bcl-2. We have shown that G3139 treatment of C666-1 in vitro caused sequence-dependent suppression of Bcl-2 protein, inhibition of cell growth and enhanced sensitivity to cisplatin (CDDP), as measured by increased antiproliferative and apoptotic effects. In vivo, G3139 treatment (25 mg/kg every 3 days x 5 doses) delayed engraftment and significantly inhibited growth of established C666-1 xenografts in SCID mice compared to control oligo-treated animals. However, G3139 alone did not prevent engraftment or cure established tumors in any animals. In contrast, G3139 treatment (25 mg/kg every 3 days x 5 starting on day 7) in combination with CDDP (8 mg/kg on day 14) completely abrogated tumor engraftment in 80% of animals compared to CDDP (0%) or CDDP + control oligo (0%). When treatment was delayed until tumor was established, G3139 in combination with CDDP significantly inhibited tumor growth compared to CDDP or CDDP + control oligo, and cured 69% animals with established tumors. No animals treated with G3139, CDDP or CDDP + control oligo were cured. Tumor burden and response to treatment correlated with EBV DNA load in serum, measured by real-time PCR. Western blots of tumor extracts obtained during oligo treatment showed that Bcl-2 levels were significantly decreased in G3139-treated animals. Our studies have demonstrated that the Bcl-2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide, G3139, has proapoptotic effects in C666-1, and in combination with CDDP, is curative in C666-1 NPC xenograft tumors in vivo. The sequence-dependency of these effects is consistent with an antisense mechanism. These studies suggest that Bcl-2 may represent a biologically relevant target for the development of novel combinatorial therapies for NPC.
...
PMID:Systemic Bcl-2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide in combination with cisplatin cures EBV+ nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenografts in SCID mice. 1647 27

The present study was conducted to examine the role of a major cardiac phospholipase C (PLC) isozyme, PLC-gamma 1, in cardiomyocytes during oxidative stress. Left ventricular cardiomyocytes were isolated by collagenase digestion from adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g) and treated with 20, 50, and 100 microM H2O2 for 15 min. A concentration-dependent (up to 50 microM) increase in the mRNA level and membrane protein content of PLC-gamma 1 was observed with H2O2 treatment. Furthermore, PLC-gamma 1 was activated in response to H2O2, as revealed by an increase in the phosphorylation of its tyrosine residues. There was a marked increase in the phosphorylation of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 by H2O2; this change was attenuated by a PLC inhibitor, U-73122. Although both protein kinase C (PKC)-delta and -epsilon protein contents were increased in the cardiomyocyte membrane fraction in response to H2O2, PKC-epsilon activation, unlike PKC-delta, was attenuated by U-73122 (2 microM). Inhibition of PKC-epsilon with inhibitory peptide (0.1 microM) prevented Bcl-2 phosphorylation. Moreover, different concentrations (0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 microM) of this peptide augmented the decrease in cardiomyocyte viability in response to H2O2. In addition, a decrease in cardiomyocyte viability, as assessed by trypan blue exclusion, due to H2O2 was also seen when cells were pretreated with U-73122 and was as a result of increased apoptosis. It is therefore suggested that PLC-gamma 1 may play a role in cardiomyocyte survival during oxidative stress via PKC-epsilon and phosphorylation of Bcl-2.
...
PMID:Inhibition of phospholipase C-gamma 1 augments the decrease in cardiomyocyte viability by H2O2. 1650 Oct 16

Cellular prion protein (PrP(C)), a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane protein, was found in our lab to be widely expressed in gastric cancer cell lines. In order to evaluate its biological significance in human gastric cancer, we investigated its expression in a large series of gastric tissue samples (n = 124) by immuno histochemical staining with the monoclonal antibody 3F4. Compared with normal tissues, gastric adenocarcinoma showed increased PrP(C) expression, correlated with the histopathological differentiation (according to the WHO and Lauren classifications) and tumor progression (as documented by pTNM staging). To better understand the underlying mechanism, we introduced the PrP(C) and two pairs of RNAi into the poorly differentiated gastric cancer cell line AGS and found that PrP(C) suppressed ROS and slowed down apoptosis in transfected cells. Further study proved that the apoptosis-related protein Bcl-2 was upregulated whereas p53 and Bax were downregulated in the PrP(C)-transfected cells. A reverse effect was observed in PrP(C) siRNA-transfected cells. These results strongly suggested that PrP(C) might play a role as an effective antiapoptotic protein through Bcl-2-dependent apoptotic pathways in gastric cancer cells. Further study into the mechanism of these relationships might enrich the knowledge of PrP, better our understanding of the nature of gastric carcinoma, and further develop possible strategies to block or reverse the development of gastric carcinoma.
...
PMID:Overexpression of PrPC and its antiapoptosis function in gastric cancer. 1658 85

Aims-To investigate the immunohistochemical expression of bcl-2 and p53 proteins in nasopharyngeal carcinomas in relation to the expression of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encoded EBER messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1).Methods-Formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded tissue from 44 nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPCs) was stained by immunohistochemistry for p53, bcl-2 and LMP-1 proteins and by RNA in situ hybridisation for EBER mRNAs.Results-The tumours were divided histologically into 13 cases of keratinising squamous cell NPC (KNPC), 15 cases of non-keratinising squamous cell NPC (NKNPC) and 16 cases of undifferentiated NPC (UNPC). Bcl-2 expression was observed in five of 15 NKNPC cases and in six of 16 UNPC cases; p53 expression was observed in one of 13 KNPC, two of 15 NKNPC and four of 16 UNPC cases. EBER 1-2 transcripts were detected in five of 15 NKNPC and nine of 16 UNPC cases, while LMP-1 expression was observed in one of 16 UNPC cases. All 13 KNPCs were EBV and bcl-2 negative. No correlation was found between the presence of EBER 1-2 transcripts and the detection of bcl-2 or p53 proteins, or both, in NPC cells.Conclusions-The expression of bcl-2 and p53 proteins may be associated with the level of the tumour cell differentiation in NPC. In addition, in view of the important role of the bcl-2 protein in the inhibition of apoptosis, the expression of bcl-2 protein may contribute to tumour cell survival in a proportion of NPCs. Furthermore, in the light of previous findings that the p53 gene in most UNPCs is in the wild-type configuration, mechanisms other than mutation may be responsible for stabilisation of the p53 protein in UNPCs.
...
PMID:Expression of bcl-2 and p53 proteins in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Absence of correlation with the presence of EBV encoded EBER1-2 transcripts and latent membrane protein-1. 1669 69

The mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) is a non-selective inner membrane permeabilization that occurs in response to increased calcium load and redox stress. Currently, two models of the MPT exist including the, largely hypothetical, native proteinaceous pore model and the oxidized inner membrane protein model which may reflect the extremes in a continuum of changes that occur to the inner membrane prior to its permeabilization. Here I discuss evidence that the MPT per se leads to necrosis, but not cytochrome c release and apoptosis. However, data also suggest that signaling crosstalk between the MPT and Bcl-2 family proteins occurs indicating an important role for the MPT in apoptosis.
...
PMID:The role of the mitochondrial permeability transition in cell death. 1693 72

A rare case of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH) of the liver in a 75-year-old woman admitted to hospital for surgical treatment of gastric, caecal and colon carcinomas is described here. Two nodular lesions in the left and right lobes of the liver were clinically diagnosed as metastatic tumours by computed tomography of the abdomen. A demarcating grey-white mass of size 1.4 cm was observed in a partially resected liver specimen. On examining the lesion microscopically, it was found to be composed of hyperplastic lymphoid follicles, lymphocytes, plasma cells, other inflammatory cells and interlaced hyalinised fibrous tissues. In the portal tracts around the lesion, chronic inflammatory cell infiltrates were seen, but no interface hepatitis or lymphoid follicle was observed. No evidence of monoclonality was observed by immunohistochemistry for B and T cell markers, in situ hybridisation for kappa and lambda light chains, and polymerase chain reaction analysis of immunoglobulin heavy chains or T cell receptor beta and gamma gene rearrangements. Bcl-2 immunoreactivity was not observed in the germinal centre. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antigen (latent membrane protein-1) and EBV-encoded small RNAs were not detected. A proliferation neither of myofibroblasts nor of cells positive for follicular dendritic cell markers was observed. RLH, formerly known as pseudolymphoma, has been reported of the liver in only 14 cases and is considered to be a differential diagnosis of small nodular lesions of the liver. That RLH has an inflammatory reactive nature, not a neoplastic disposition, and that EBV does not participate in the pathogenesis of RLH is supported by this case.
...
PMID:Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver in a patient with multiple carcinomas: a case report and brief review. 1693 75

We describe cell-free strategies for analysis of the biogenesis of membrane proteins. Special emphasis is placed on the unique challenges presented by tail-anchor proteins for the analysis of: targeting specificity, binding to membranes such as endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and pure lipid membranes, protein topology in the membrane and the dependence of various steps on additional proteins. Tail-anchor proteins such as cytochrome b(5), Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L) are used to address the suitability of both cell-free techniques based on in vitro transcription translation systems and the use of purified recombinant protein and pure lipid membranes. Together these cell-free systems permit detailed characterization of membrane protein biogenesis.
...
PMID:Cell-free analysis of tail-anchor protein targeting to membranes. 1736 15


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>

---