Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P10145 (IL-8)
 23,849 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Natural or recombinant neutrophil activating cytokine (IL-8) induced migration across polycarbonate filters of human A 2058 melanoma cells. Anti-IL-8 antibodies blocked IL-8 induced melanoma cell migration. Checkerboard experiments revealed a gradient-dependent response of A2058 melanoma cells to IL-8. Filters exposed to IL-8 and washed supported melanoma cell migration, thus implying a haptotactic component in the response. The homologous polypeptide platelet factor 4 was inactive. The observation that IL-8 affects melanoma cells emphasizes the need for a comprehensive analysis of the spectrum of action of platelet factor 4-related peptides. The effect of the inflammatory cytokine IL-8 on melanoma cells may be relevant to augmented secondary localization of tumors at sites of inflammation.
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PMID:Induction of haptotactic migration of melanoma cells by neutrophil activating protein/interleukin-8. 219 May 52

Melanoma growth stimulatory activity (MGSA) is a mitogenic protein secreted by Hs294T melanoma cells that corresponds to the polypeptide encoded by the human gro gene. The MGSA/gro cDNA has been expressed in mammalian cells and the secreted recombinant factor has been purified. Biochemical and biological characterization shows that the recombinant protein is identical with the natural protein and is devoid of posttranslational glycosylation, sulfation, and phosphorylation. The two C-terminal amino acids are proteolytically removed from the mature recombinant MGSA, indicating a length of 71 instead of the predicted 73 amino acids. The recombinant MGSA is mitogenically active on the Hs294T melanoma cells. The purified MGSA competes with interleukin 8 for binding to neutrophil receptors and exhibits neutrophil chemotactic activity equivalent to that of interleukin 8.
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PMID:Recombinant expression, biochemical characterization, and biological activities of the human MGSA/gro protein. 227 50

Stimulated human peripheral blood leukocytes produce a chemotactic factor for granulocytes (granulocyte chemotactic peptide/interleukin-8; GCP/IL-8), which is structurally related to platelet-derived beta-thromboglobulin. Analytically pure CGP/IL-8 and beta-thromboglobulin could be obtained after three purification steps, comprising adsorption to silicic acid, heparin-Sepharose chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography. Although GCP/IL-8 and beta-thromboglobulin had a similar affinity for heparin, they could be separated on a cation-exchange column. Both molecules were heterogeneous in that 6-7-kDa protein doublets were detected upon SDS/PAGE. N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis revealed the presence of six immunologically related but differently truncated polypeptides of beta-thromboglobulin, of which only two corresponded to previously described forms. Similarly, apart from a major polypeptide, five minor species of GCP/IL-8 were detected that also differed by N-terminal truncation. The most processed forms of beta-thromboglobulin and GCP/IL-8 were found to have their N-terminus in that region of the primary structure where a significant similarity between the two molecules starts. GCP/IL-8 was found to be chemotactic for granulocytes with a specific activity of 10(5) units/mg, whereas none of the beta-thromboglobulin species possessed detectable chemotactic activity.
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PMID:Purification of granulocyte chemotactic peptide/interleukin-8 reveals N-terminal sequence heterogeneity similar to that of beta-thromboglobulin. 252 1

Neutrophil activating factor is a polypeptide cytokine released from stimulated mononuclear phagocytes and endothelial cells. We found that neutrophil activating factor induced time- and concentration-dependent binding of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes to endothelial monolayers and subendothelial matrix proteins, via a mechanism that involves altered expression of the leukocyte CD11/CD18 glycoproteins. Thus, neutrophil activating factor is a third mediator, in addition to platelet-activating factor and endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule 1, that is synthesized by activated endothelium and that can induce polymorphonuclear leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. Because NAF is released into the pericellular fluid, it may also stimulate binding of the leukocytes to exposed subendothelial structures at sites of vascular injury.
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PMID:Neutrophil activating factor (NAF) induces polymorphonuclear leukocyte adherence to endothelial cells and to subendothelial matrix proteins. 266 43

Phytohemagglutinin or Concanavalin A-stimulated human T-lymphocytes produce a factor (LYNAP) with potent chemotactic and enzyme degranulating activity in peripheral human neutrophils. Sequence analysis of LYNAP established an apparently novel 72 residue polypeptide structure. Examination of protein data bases showed that LYNAP had about 30% sequence homology with recently characterised connective tissue activating proteins produced by platelets. Furthermore, it was subsequently found that the amino acid sequence is largely the same as that predicted from a cDNA clone derived from mRNA elevated in peripheral human leukocytes stimulated by mitogens.
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PMID:Structure determination of a human lymphocyte derived neutrophil activating peptide (LYNAP). 327 57

A few protein targets were found to display a specific high-affinity interaction with the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A (CsA): cytosolic cyclophilins (CyP)A, B, C, D, E containing from 122 to 174 amino acid residues in a polypeptide chain, and secreted forms of CyP; CyP-40, 40-kDa CsA-binding polypeptide complexed with steroid receptor (SR); CyP-related 150-kDa receptor of natural killer (NK) cells; interleukin 8 (IL-8); actin; a family of molecular chaperones hsp70 and P-glycoprotein (P-GP). All CyPs possess peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity (PPIase) and may serve as ATP-independent molecular chaperone proteins. The CsA-CyP complexes are specific inhibitors of Ca(2+)-and calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin (CaN). The inhibition of CaN blocks the activation of genes of IL-2, IL-2R, IL-4, etc. in T cells. In addition, immunosuppressive and/or antiinflammatory activity of CsA can be executed via CyP-40 and hsp 70 complexed with SR, and following the interaction with CyP-related receptor of NK and with IL-8. CsA binding to CyPC, P-GP and actin may throw light on the biochemical events leading to nephrotoxicity and graft vessel disease, two major side effects produced by CsA. The discovery of the interaction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag protein with CyP and effective disruption of this interaction by CsA may be important for our understanding of the pathology caused by this immunosuppressive virus and will inspire therapeutic strategies to nip HIV in the bud. Bacterial immunophilins (ImPs) contribute to the virulence of pathogenic microorganisms. Elucidation of molecular mechanisms of microbial ImPs' action in the pathogenesis of bacterial infections may lead to new strategies for designing antibacterial drugs.
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PMID:Some new aspects of molecular mechanisms of cyclosporin A effect on immune response. 754 42

Chemoattractants, including chemokines such as interleukin 8 (IL-8) and related proteins, activate leucocytes via seven-transmembrane-domain G-protein-coupled receptors. A cDNA for a novel receptor of this kind consisting of 327 amino acids was isolated from a human blood monocyte cDNA library. The polypeptide, termed monocyte-derived receptor 15 (MDR15), is an alternative form of the Burkitt's lymphoma receptor 1 (BLR1) encoded by a human Burkitt's lymphoma cDNA [Dobner, Wolf, Emrich and Lipp (1992) Eur. J. Immunol. 22, 2795-2799]. MDR15 and BLR1 cDNAs differ in the 5' region, where the open reading frame of MDR15 is shorter by 45 codons. Southern-blot analysis indicates that the two transcripts for MDR15 and BLR1 are encoded by the same gene. Northern-blot analysis using a probe that hybridizes with both mRNAs demonstrated high-level expression in chronic B-lymphoid leukaemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cells and, to a lesser extent, peripheral blood monocytes and lymphocytes. Reverse transcription-PCR studies with MDR15- and BLR1-specific primers showed similar levels of transcripts for both receptors in RNA that was positive in Northern-blot analysis. MDR15 and BLR1 have high structural similarity to receptors for human IL-8 (about 40% amino acid identity) and other chemokines. However, none of a series of radiolabelled chemokines (IL-8, NAP-2, GRO alpha, PF4, IP10, MCP-1, MCP-2, MCP-3, I-309, RANTES and MIP-1 alpha) and other ligands (C3a and leukotriene B4) bound to Jurkat transfectants that stably expressed either MDR15 or BLR1 mRNA. The fact that MDR15 and BLR1 are expressed on leucocytes and show marked sequence similarity to chemokine receptors suggests the existence of as yet unidentified chemokines. Alternative transcript formation affecting the 5'-terminal part of the coding region may be a way to modify ligand-binding selectivity.
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PMID:Sequence variation of a novel heptahelical leucocyte receptor through alternative transcript formation. 763 92

The human neutrophil-activating peptide 2 (NAP-2) belongs to the so-called beta-thromboglobulin/interleukin 8-family of chemotactic and reparative host defense cytokines. NAP-2 represents one of several N-terminally truncated cleavage products that originate from platelet-derived precursor molecules through proteolytic processing. Among these homologous isoforms that are comprised as beta-thromboglobulin antigen (beta-TG Ag), NAP-2 is recognized as the major component, having the highest potential for the activation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN). We now present evidence that there exists a second molecular form of NAP-2 with even higher biological activity. This novel isoform was detected in concentrates of culture supernatants from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and could be separated from authentic NAP-2 by several steps of column chromatography. It had an N-terminus identical to that of NAP-2 but was biochemically different as indicated by its slightly lower molecular weight and a higher isoelectric point. To examine our hypothesis that the polypeptide represented a C-terminally truncated variant of NAP-2, we prepared synthetic peptides that were used for the induction and characterization of two rabbit antibody fractions, directed against different and defined epitopes within the C-terminal alpha-helix of the NAP-2 molecule. Comparison of reactivity patterns of these antibodies in Western blots as well as in a NAP-2 biological assay (PMN degranulation assay) confirmed that the variant NAP-2 was truncated at its C-terminus by at least one and by maximally three residues. The specific activity of the truncated polypeptide was estimated to be about four-fold higher than that of authentic NAP-2, as determined in the PMN degranulation assay. Thus, proteolytic modification at the C-terminus appears to play a role in the regulation of NAP-2-biological activity.
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PMID:A novel molecular variant of the neutrophil-activating peptide NAP-2 with enhanced biological activity is truncated at the C-terminus: identification by antibodies with defined epitope specificity. 768 53

A chromosome band 4q21 gene (MLLT2, formerly called AF-4/FEL) involved in a reciprocal translocation with chromosome band 11q23 in t(4;11) acute leukemia has been cloned. To provide better definition of gene order and relationships in this region where MLLT2 resides, we used pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to investigate 13 genes (including MLLT2) with physical locations in bands 4q11-->q25. Somatic cell hybrids derived from RS4;11, a leukemic cell line carrying the t(4;11)(q21;q23), were also used to localize genes in relation to MLLT2. Linkage of the interleukin 8 (IL8), albumin (ALB), and platelet factor 4 (PF4) genes was confirmed by NotI, SalI and SacII digests. The maximum distance between PF4 and ALB is 210 kb and between ALB and IL8 is 420 kb. The alcohol dehydrogenase, class I (ADH2, ADH3) gene cluster can be linked to the alcohol dehydrogenase, class III gene (ADH5) by SacII, NruI, and EagI digests. The maximum distance between them is 590 kb. Our study indicated that ALB, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), PF4, beta-thromboglobulin (PPBP), GRO1 (encoding a cytokine also called melanoma growth-stimulatory activity), and IL8 genes can be physically linked. In this study the gamma-interferon induced protein 10 (INP10), bone morphogenetic protein 3 (BMP3), annexin III (ANX3), KIT, amphiregulin (AREG), immunoglobulin J polypeptide (IGJ), deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) and MLLT2 genes were not linked to one another or to the above two groups of genes. Our analysis using somatic cell hybrids combined with previous reports demonstrated that the ADH gene cluster is telomeric to MLLT2 and KIT, ALB, AFP, PF4, beta TG, GRO1, IL8, ANX3, AREG and DCK are centromeric to MLLT2.
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PMID:A mapping study of 13 genes on human chromosome bands 4q11-->q25. 769 25

The present study was aimed at characterizing the effects of in vitro exposure to GM-CSF on blood monocytes and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) in human ovarian cancer. Purified populations of TAM from ovarian cancer patients were studied in terms of expression of surface molecules, cytokine production and tumor cytotoxicity after overnight incubation with GM-CSF or IFN gamma and LPS, used as reference activators. GM-CSF augmented the surface expression of ICAM-I and CD18 in TAM and in blood monocytes. Stimulation was more prominent in monocytes than in TAM, which showed higher baseline expression of this adhesion molecule. ICAM-3 was not influenced by GM-CSF or by IFN gamma/LPS. GM-CSF-augmented ICAM-I expression was associated with higher levels of mRNA transcripts. The protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide super-induced basal and GM-CSF-induced ICAM-I transcripts, thus excluding a role for secondary polypeptide mediators. In the absence of stimuli, TAM produced higher levels, compared to monocytes, of IL-6 and IL-8 but not of IL-1 and TNF. GM-CSF augmented the production of IL-6 and IL-8 (but not that of IL-1 and TNF) in TAM, whereas it had little effect on blood monocyte. Tumoricidal activity was tested against two ovarian tumor cell lines (OVCAR3 and SW626). GM-CSF more prominently augmented monocyte cytotoxicity, while only 2 of 6 TAM preparations were stimulated by GM-CSF. These results suggest that GM-CSF selectively regulates the function of blood monocytes and TAM, the effect of this cytokine varying with the parameter and cell population examined. These data provide a rational and biological endpoint for further studies with GM-CSF as an activator of mononuclear phagocyte function in ovarian cancer.
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PMID:Effects of granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on expression of adhesion molecules and production of cytokines in blood monocytes and ovarian cancer-associated macrophages. 782 34


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