Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P10145 (IL-8)
 23,849 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Basophil chemotactic activity (BCA) of eight recombinant human (rh) cytokines was examined. Highly purified basophils were obtained by Percoll discontinuous gradients, followed by negative selection using flow cytometry. Then BCA was measured by means of modified Boyden chamber method. Both interleukin (IL)-3 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) had much more potent BCA than complement C5a, leukotriene B4 and platelet activating factor, well known as granulocyte chemotactic factors. Chemotaxis rather than chemokinesis was shown in chequerboard analysis of basophil migration induced by IL-3 and GM-CSF. Relatively high concentrations of IL-5 also induced basophil migration, although predominantly chemokinetic. IL-8 had apparent BCA, which was not so high as that of C5a. In contrast, IL-2, IL-4, interferon(IFN)-gamma and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) had no significant BCA. These findings suggest that IL-3, IL-5, GM-CSF and, perhaps, IL-8 have an effect on basophil migration as well as modulation of basophil mediator release and may provide some insight into the basophil accumulation observed in late-phase allergic responses.
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PMID:Effects of cytokines on human basophil chemotaxis. 133 81

Neutrophils from patients suffering from severe congenital neutropenia (SCN), who were receiving recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF), were investigated in order to analyze the previously described decrease in chemotaxis. This study demonstrated the decreased chemotaxis to five well-known chemoattractants, FMLP, C5a, IL-8, LTB4 and PAF. To further investigate this impairment of patients' neutrophils, receptors and receptor turnover for chemoattractants were examined using flow cytometry. We found 1) increased FMLP receptor and decreased C5a receptor expression, 2) a normal expression of intracellular FMLP receptors after incubation with PMA, 3) increased loss and decreased re-expression of FMLP receptors after incubation with this peptide, 4) normal expression of adhesion glycoproteins CR3 (CD11b/CD18) and LFA1 (CD11a/CD18), 5) further signs of in vivo preactivation: high expression of Fc gamma-RI (CD64) and Fc gamma-RII (CD32), decreased expression of Fc gamma-RIII (CD16), increased expression of CD14, and low expression of HLA-DR. These data demonstrate that the decrease of chemotaxis of neutrophils from SCN patients is not due: a) to a decrease in the number of intra- or extracellular FMLP receptors; b) to a decrease of adhesion molecules. However, the decreased chemotaxis could result from an altered FMLP receptor turnover. The relevance of the altered Fc gamma-receptor pattern for the in vivo occurrence of side-effects, e.g. the necrotic vasculitis, of G-CSF treatment is discussed.
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PMID:Altered function and surface marker expression of neutrophils induced by rhG-CSF treatment in severe congenital neutropenia. 137 Apr 19

In the present study we demonstrate that human monocytes activated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) were able to produce high levels of interleukin 10 (IL-10), previously designated cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF), in a dose dependent fashion. IL-10 was detectable 7 h after activation of the monocytes and maximal levels of IL-10 production were observed after 24-48 h. These kinetics indicated that the production of IL-10 by human monocytes was relatively late as compared to the production of IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), which were all secreted at high levels 4-8 h after activation. The production of IL-10 by LPS activated monocytes was, similar to that of IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, TNF alpha, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and G-CSF, inhibited by IL-4. Furthermore we demonstrate here that IL-10, added to monocytes, activated by interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), LPS, or combinations of LPS and IFN-gamma at the onset of the cultures, strongly inhibited the production of IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, TNF alpha, GM-CSF, and G-CSF at the transcriptional level. Viral-IL-10, which has similar biological activities on human cells, also inhibited the production of TNF alpha and GM-CSF by monocytes following LPS activation. Activation of monocytes by LPS in the presence of neutralizing anti-IL-10 monoclonal antibodies resulted in the production of higher amounts of cytokines relative to LPS treatment alone, indicating that endogenously produced IL-10 inhibited the production of IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, TNF alpha, GM-CSF, and G-CSF. In addition, IL-10 had autoregulatory effects since it strongly inhibited IL-10 mRNA synthesis in LPS activated monocytes. Furthermore, endogenously produced IL-10 was found to be responsible for the reduction in class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression following activation of monocytes with LPS. Taken together our results indicate that IL-10 has important regulatory effects on immunological and inflammatory responses because of its capacity to downregulate class II MHC expression and to inhibit the production of proinflammatory cytokines by monocytes.
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PMID:Interleukin 10(IL-10) inhibits cytokine synthesis by human monocytes: an autoregulatory role of IL-10 produced by monocytes. 194 Jul 99

Chronic idiopathic neutropenia is an uncommon condition characterized by a low level of neutrophils without any causative disease. We report the details of 4 patients whose stromal cytokine mRNA expressions were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Three patients showed a lower expression of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) mRNA both in constructive and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced conditions and normal colony forming unit-granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) from the bone marrow cells. One patient showed an increase of G-CSF mRNA and a decrease of CFU-GM. No abnormal expression of other cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6 and IL-8 were observed. These findings indicate that cytokine mRNA analysis of stromal cells is useful for elucidation of the etiology.
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PMID:Chronic idiopathic neutropenia associated with abnormal expression of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor mRNA of bone marrow stromal cells. 751 24

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a homogeneous subgroup of acute myeloid leukemias (AML) characterized by the presence of the t(15;17) translocation and the resulting PML/RAR alpha fusion proteins. To date APL is the only AML which is sufficiently sensitive to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) differentiating effect. We have recently reported that APL express and secrete hematopoietic growth factors (HGF) such as IL-1 beta, TNF alpha, and IL-6. In vivo ATRA alone allows achievement of complete remission in APL patients. One of ATRA therapy's drawbacks is the increase of peripheral blast cells often associated with the ATRA leukocyte activation syndrome. To determine if this specific side-effect was linked to an increase of HGF release by APL cells, we studied the modulation of cytokine production by APL cells, we studied the modulation of cytokine production by APL samples (n = 12) before and after incubation with ATRA. ATRA failed to modulate TNF alpha, IL-6 or GM-CSF secretion levels; however, IL-8 levels decreased in 11 cases, and in four cases up-regulation of IL-1 beta and G-CSF protein expression was observed. These modulations were found to be linked to ATRA sensitivity as ATRA failed to modulate cytokine production in non-APL cells (n = 8). Interestingly, the increase of IL-1 beta and G-CSF production in the presence of ATRA was highly correlated to an increase in APL cell count in vitro and in vivo hyperleukocytosis, resulting in fatal outcome. IL-1 beta, TNF alpha, IL-6, and IL-8 are known to be implicated in leukocyte activation. The results of this study suggest that ATRA-induced hyperleukocytosis and ATRA leukocyte activation syndrome in APL may be inherent to the secretion of specific hematopoietic growth factors by the APL cells.
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PMID:Modulation of IL-8, IL-1 beta, and G-CSF secretion by all-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia. 752

Intravenous administration of endotoxin into humans causes transient fever, alteration in the number of circulating neutrophils, and transient release into plasma of cytokines, cytokine antagonists, and other cellular products. The release can be temporally differentiated, and the extent of release is dose-dependent. By 1 h after endotoxin challenge, levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and soluble TNF receptor increase; interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 increase by 1.5 h, and IL-1 receptor antagonist, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and lactoferrin increase by 2 h. Increased G-CSF is temporally associated with neutrophilia and the appearance of band neutrophils. Increased plasma lactoferrin and altered neutrophil surface antigen expression suggest that intravascular activation of neutrophils has occurred. The level of soluble E-selectin (sE-sel), an adhesion molecule released from endothelial cells, is elevated at 4 h and remains elevated at 24 h. sE-sel levels increase with higher doses of endotoxin at 4, 6, and 24 h.
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PMID:Increased circulating cytokines, cytokine antagonists, and E-selectin after intravenous administration of endotoxin in humans. 752 50

We explored the ex vivo alteration in the cytokine release of stimulated blood taken from healthy volunteers treated subcutaneously with 480 micrograms granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). In a double-blind, controlled, randomized study with 21 volunteers who received G-CSF once or twice 24 hours apart, we measured lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-inducible release of various cytokines and soluble receptors at different times after treatment. At day 1 after a single dose of G-CSF, mediator release was also initiated with muramyl dipeptide, Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin A, lipoteichoic acid, streptolysin O, complement factor C5a, phytohemagglutinin, or phorbol myristate acetate. In blood from G-CSF-treated subjects, our major findings were (1) a maximal 12-fold increase in interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) release and an increase of both the p55 and p75 soluble tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors; (2) a reduction in TNF release when using all the various stimuli described except LPS; (3) an increase in G-CSF and, to lesser extent, in IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 release; and (4) an attenuation of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF release. Our findings demonstrate that the major effect of G-CSF treatment is a change in the responsiveness of blood towards a variety of stimuli, which we interpret as a shift toward an antiinflammatory cytokine response.
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PMID:Effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor treatment on ex vivo blood cytokine response in human volunteers. 753 16

The human interleukin-3 (IL-3) receptor is constitutively expressed on certain hematopoietic cells where it mediates proliferation and differentiation, or functional activation. We have recently found that human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) also express IL-3 receptors and that the expression is enhanced by stimulation with the monokine tumor necrosis factor alpha. In this report we show that the lymphokine interferon gamma (IFN gamma) is a powerful stimulator of the IL-3 receptor of HUVECs and that the combination of IL-3 and IFN gamma has a synergistic effect on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and on the production of the early-acting hematopoietic cytokines IL-6 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). IFN gamma caused a time- and dose-dependent up-regulation of mRNA for both the alpha and beta chains of the IL-3 receptor, with maximal effects occurring 12 to 24 hours after stimulation with IFN gamma at 100 U/mL. Induction of mRNA correlated with protein expression on the cell surface, as judged by monoclonal antibody staining of both receptor chains and by the ability of HUVEC to specifically bind 125I-labeled IL-3 (125I-IL-3). Scatchard analysis of HUVECs stimulated with IFN gamma at 100 U/mL for 24 hours showed approximately 6,300 IL-3 receptors per cell that were of a high affinity class (dissociation constant [kd] = 500 pmol/L) only. The addition of IL-3 to IFN gamma-treated HUVECs strongly enhanced the expression of MHC class II antigen. Importantly, IFN gamma and IL-3 also exhibited a synergistic effect in the induction of the mRNA for G-CSF and IL-6. This was reflected in increased amounts of G-CSF and IL-6 protein in HUVEC supernatants. In contrast, IFN gamma and IL-3 did not stimulate granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or IL-8 production in HUVECs. These results show that IFN gamma is a strong stimulator of IL-3 receptor expression in HUVECs and suggest that in vivo T-cell activation, causing the concomitant production of IFN gamma and IL-3, may lead to enhanced endothelial MHC class II expression and to the selective production of early-acting hematopoietic cytokines. Thus, IL-3 could influence immunity and hematopoiesis by acting not only on hematopoietic cells, but also on vascular endothelium.
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PMID:Interferon-gamma upregulates interleukin-3 (IL-3) receptor expression in human endothelial cells and synergizes with IL-3 in stimulating major histocompatibility complex class II expression and cytokine production. 754 Aug 83

In this study we tested whether the pattern of cytokines expressed by human carcinomas could account for a different in vivo recruitment of leukocyte subpopulations as a part of the anti-tumor immune response. Two carcinoma cell lines, SK-OV-3 ovary carcinoma and CALU-3 lung carcinoma, were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunofluorescence and ELISA for the expression and in vitro production of cytokines with chemotactic, proinflammatory and growth-stimulating activity. Although both cell lines displayed a constitutive expression of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte macrophage-CSF (GM-CSF), M-CSF, interleukin (IL-) 1 alpha and IL-8, only CALU-3 cell line expressed IL-10, RANTES (Regulated upon Activation, Normal T Expressed and Secreted) and monocyte-activating protein (MCP)-1. MCP-1 and IL-8 were detected by immunohistochemistry on sections from tumors xenografted in nude mice. To analyze whether the tumor-released cytokines modulate leukocytes in tumor infiltration, we studied the distribution of human peripheral blood leukocytes injected in the proximity of SK-OV-3 and of CALU-3 tumor xenografts. While SK-OV-3 was unable to recruit human leukocytes and appeared to be barely infiltrated by murine CD45+ cells, CALU-3 appeared to be rapidly and heavily infiltrated by human leukocytes which induced tumor necrosis within 18-24 hr.
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PMID:An in vivo model to compare human leukocyte infiltration in carcinoma xenografts producing different chemokines. 766 28

The pleiotropic nature of malignant fibrous histiocytomas (MFH) is manifested as mixed cellular infiltrates consisting of myofibroblasts, histiomonocytes, and neutrophils. We detail in this report the phenotypic characteristics of the human fibrous histiocytoma giant cell tumor (GCT) cell line that establish its mesenchymal origin. The latter is underscored by the ability of GCT cells to express mRNA for transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) as well as both A and B chains of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). GCT cells also support the binding of CD34+ cells, but less efficiently than do normal marrow stromal cells. Since cytokines elaborated by MFH may mediate in part the recruitment of monocytes and neutrophils into tumor-infiltrated tissues, we have determined the cytokine repertoire of the GCT cell line, already known for its ability to elaborate colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) and interleukin-1 (IL-1). GCT cells express IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF or CSF-1), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and IL-8. No detectable mRNA for IL-3, IL-4, IL-7, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was detected in GCT cells by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Expression of cytokine mRNAs was responsive to agents such as dexamethasone (dex), 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (phorbol diester or TPA), and TNF-alpha. Thus, this cell line provides a useful model for understanding the pathobiology of MFH and hematopoietic progenitor interactions with mesenchymal/stromal cells.
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PMID:Phenotypic characterization of the human fibrous histiocytoma giant cell tumor (GCT) cell line and its cytokine repertoire. 768 82


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