Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P10145 (IL-8)
 23,849 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Various cellular and humoral activities of the wound repair process and the effects of PDGF-AB and TGF-beta1 on tissue repair mechanisms in the mollusc Limax maximus are studied by histological and immunocytochemical procedures. Histological examination at different times after the wound production demonstrates that tissue repair is the result of successive and related activities distinguishable by different morphological pictures. In the first hours, an infiltration phase is activated 24 h after the incision, hemocytes stratify at wound margins and actively phagocitize cell debris and damaged tissue in the surrounding area. Moreover, the cells are immunoreactive to anti-IL-1alpha, IL-8 and TNF-alpha antibodies. After 24-72 h, granulation tissue rich in small blood lacunae is formed and the provisional matrix is synthesized and deposited on the base of the new tissue. In histological sections 72 h after injury, the incision is filled with granulation tissue, and at the wound base, a layer of fibrous connective tissue is formed. Hemocytes present in the newly formed blood lacunae and fibroblasts are involved in the synthesis and deposit of extracellular matrix components, i.e. fibronectin, reticular and collagen fibres. Ninety-six h after wound production, the repair process continues and the granulation tissue is more developed. At 192 h, re-epithelialization begins, and this is more evident in the histological sections after 14 days. Hemocytes are immunoreactive to the cytokines at all the times examined. Exogenous administration of PDGF-AB and TGF-beta1 stimulates the tissue healing process through a general acceleration of the activities involved. A larger closing area of clumped hemocytes and a smaller damaged tissue area are observed 24 h after treatment of the wound. At 72 h, the granulation tissue is more developed and more extracellular matrix components are deposited than in the control incision. A larger number of cells express cytokine-like molecules, and re-epithelialization of the wound is accelerated, as 14 days after growth factor treatments almost all the wound area is covered by a layer of cubic epithelial cells, and the alcianophilic cell coat is restored. No differences in the responses of the two growth factors are observed.
 ...
PMID:Repair of molluscan tissue injury: role of PDGF and TGF-beta1. 1114 14

Cytokines are a group of proteins with autocrine, paracrine and endocrine activities which provide communication among hepatic cells and other cells and tissues of the man. Active in minute quantities, the cytokines activate and regulate homeostasis and cellular repair through effects on cell growth, differentiation and receptor expression and cell-mediated immunity. Cytokines--IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 IL-10, IL-12, TNF-alfa, PDGF and others, modulate liver metabolism in health and disease, physiological and pathologic liver functions and the evolution of liver inflammation and injury to hepatic fibrosis and liver cirrhosis. Data concerning the use of a recombinant form of Interleukin-10 and Interleukin-12 in the treatment of chronic liver disease (chronic viral hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, alcoholic liver disease) and cell-mediated immunity regulation are widely discussed in the review.
 ...
PMID:[Cytokines and the liver in health and disease]. 1119 92

Levels of messenger RNA (mRNA) extracted from five samples of radicular cyst-lining epithelium were analyzed for cytokines, growth factors and epithelial cell growth-related receptors by RT-PCR. All five samples expressed IL-1alpha, -1beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-11, TGF-beta1, PDGF-A and aFGF, and receptors for EGF (c-erbB), KGF, HGF (c-met) and IL-6. Some of the specimens expressed MIP-1alpha, RANTES, GM-CSF, M-CSF, TNF-alpha, PDGF-B and bFGF, but no expression of IL-2, IL-4, IFN-gamma, IGF-I, EGF and KGF was detected. These results indicate that radicular cyst-lining epithelium, which is considered to be identical to the cell rests of Malassez, may play a role in periodontal pocket formation or apical cyst formation by interaction with surrounding connective tissue or hematopoietic cells through the expression of various cytokines.
 ...
PMID:Profiles of cytokine expression in radicular cyst-lining epithelium examined by RT-PCR. 1126 83

In order to study embryogenesis and organogenesis in vitro, two cell mouse embryos were cultured with alpha-MEM supplemented 10% FCS and embryotrophic factors (ETFs). The ETFs were separated from the conditioned medium of a SKG-II-SF cell line derived from a human uterine cervical epidermoid carcinoma. IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, EGF, GH, PDGF-AB, basic FGF, VEGF were also detected in the conditioned media of this cell line. Using ETFs and a 10% FCS supplemented culture medium, 23% of the mouse two cell stage embryos developed to the bilaminar disc stage, 13% to the trilaminar germ disc stage, 9% were observed with blood islets in the yolk sac, and the heart beat was noted in 7% (28 embryos) of the embryos. Furthermore, primordial organs, such as the liver, heart, kidney, notochord, retina-like structure, etc. were observed. Usually, structures associated with the primordial streak stage (bilaminar germ disc embryo) developed in vitro using ETFs from two cell stage embryos. These closely resemble structures found at the same stage in the normal embryo in vivo. After the primordial streak stage, the cultured embryos showed no resemblance to the same stage in normal embryos. None of the external appearances of these embryos appeared normal. On the other hand, trilaminar disc stage embryos never developed when using only a 10% FCS supplemented culture system.
 ...
PMID:Effects of embryotrophic factors on the embryogenesis and organogenesis of mouse embryos in vitro. 1132 34

The essential in pathogenesis of RA is induction of incorrect immunological response against synovial and connective tissue antigens, which depends of CD4+ T-cells activation by specific antigen. This stimulation leads to releasing Th1 lymphokines. The most important cytokine is TNF-alpha. An increased level of TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-6, GM-CSF, IL-8 was observed in patients with RA. PDGF, FGF, TGF, C-X-C a chemokines (IL-GRO-alpha, ENA78) and CCb chemokines (RANTES, MCP1 MIP1 alpha) are also involved in synovial hyperplasia in RA. During a pregnancy a clinical improvement in women with RA is frequent. The reason of this fact is probably connected with Th2 predominance (IL-4, IL-10) caused by presence of fetal tissues. Specific, cell-mediated immunity is suppressed and changed to Th2 by progesterone and PGE2. During a pregnancy a higher sensitivity of lymphocytes to progesterone was found. Progesterone stimulates T cells to PIBF production, which decreases NK activity. Th2 cytokines (Il-6, IL-10, IL-13, TGF) are expressed on decidua and inhibit secretion of Th1 cytokines (IL-2, INF gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta). Immunosuppression caused by pregnancy probably decreases inflammatory and destructive reactions in tissues women with RA. The first attack of this disease frequently observed during puerperium is connected with a high level of prolactin and a low of estrogens, which causes a increased release of IL-2 and has a main influence on initiation and increasing of inflammatory process in RA.
 ...
PMID:[Current opinions on immunological processes in rheumatoid arthritis during pregnancy]. 1150 69

Angiogenesis is an ordered process requiring the inter-play of numerous cellular and humoral factors. Studies over the past 20 years have identified several growth factors, cytokines, and enzymes that promote blood vessel formation. Most have revealed how individual factors promote an angiogenic phenotype in endothelial cells in vitro or contribute to blood vessel formation in vivo. However, the fundamental question that remains unanswered is how the cellular microenvironment contributes to angiogenesis. Fibrocytes are a recently characterized mesenchymal cell type isolated from peripheral blood that rapidly enter subcutaneously implanted wound chambers and sites of tissue injury. Here we describe the induction of an angiogenic phenotype in microvascular endothelial cells in vitro and promotion of angiogenesis in vivo by cultured fibrocytes. Fibrocytes constitutively secrete extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes, primarily matrix metalloproteinase 9, which promotes endothelial cell invasion. In addition, fibrocytes secrete several proangiogenic factors including VEGF, bFGF, IL-8, PDGF, and hematopoietic growth factors that promote endothelial cell migration, proliferation, and/or tube formation. By contrast, they do not produce representative antiangiogenic factors. Finally, both autologous fibrocytes and fibrocyte-conditioned media were found to induce blood vessel formation in vivo using the Matrigel angiogenesis model.
 ...
PMID:Fibrocytes induce an angiogenic phenotype in cultured endothelial cells and promote angiogenesis in vivo. 1164 Dec 48

The matrix metalloproteinases, MMP-2 and MMP-9, are known to be critical extracellular-remodeling enzymes in wound healing and other diseases of the ocular surface. This study investigated the regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in human corneal epithelial cells by growth factors and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta and TNF-alpha) they are exposed to, and by doxycycline, a medication used to treat ocular surface disease. Primary human corneal epithelial cell cultures were treated with one of the following cytokines (IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha) or growth factors (EGF, HGF, KGF, PDGF-BB, TGF-alpha, TGF-beta), with or without their corresponding inhibitors. The conditioned media were collected after 24 hr for gelatin zymography and MMP-9 activity assay. Total RNA was extracted from the cells treated for 6 hr and was subjected to RT-PCR and Northern hybridization. Between the two gelatinases, MMP-2 and MMP-9, detected by zymography, the 92 kDa MMP-9 in the conditioned medium was markedly up-regulated by the pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha. The MMP-9 protein and activity were dose-dependently stimulated by IL-1beta or TNF-alpha at 0.1, 1.0 and 10 ng ml(-1). This up-regulation was nearly abolished by neutralizing antibodies (IL-1beta and TNF-alpha) and by IL-1 receptor antagonist. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Northern hybridization disclosed that the MMP-9 transcript was also markedly up-regulated in a dose-dependent manner by IL-1beta and TNF-alpha. Doxycycline (10 microg ml(-1)) suppressed MMP-9 protein level and activity, but not its mRNA, that was stimulated by IL-1beta and TNF-alpha (1 ng ml(-1)). In contrast, the 72 kDa MMP-2 was not significantly modulated by any of these cytokines. In conclusion, production of MMP-9 is stimulated by the pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha. These factors may play a role in the pathogenesis of MMP-9 mediated corneal matrix degradation. The efficacy of doxycycline in treating ocular surface diseases may be related to its ability to suppress MMP-9 production in the corneal epithelium.
 ...
PMID:Regulation of MMP-9 production by human corneal epithelial cells. 1182 17

Chemotaxis of blood monocytes into the vessel wall together with the change of the relative content of the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins at sites of predilection is an early cellular marker of atherogenesis. To examine the influence of ECM proteins on secretion of chemoattractants by endothelial cells (EC), porcine EC were seeded on gelatin (G), fibronectin (Fn) and fibrinogen (Fg). After 24 h cells seeded on G and Fn showed the histiotypic 'cobblestone'-morphology whereas cells seeded on Fg did not. Chemotactic activity for monocytes in supernatants from cells seeded on Fg was more than two-fold higher compared with G and was independent of soluble Fn or Fg in the supernatant. Quantification of monocyte chemoattracting protein-1, PDGF-AB and IL-8 in EC supernatants showed that Fg led to a significant increase in secretion of all three proteins compared with cells cultured on G. Preincubation of porcine EC with the tripeptide arginine-glycine-aspartic acid, as inhibitor of binding of Fg to integrin receptors, but not with the control tripeptide arginine-glycine-glutamic acid showed a decrease in chemotactic activity for cells cultured on Fg but not on Fn or G. Inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) activity in EC by GF109203 resulted in a decrease of fibrinogen-induced chemotactic activity. Also the tyrosine-kinase inhibitor herbimycin inhibited fibrinogen mediated secretion of chemokines. The role of the PKC pathway for matrix mediated signal transduction is further corroborated by Fg-dependent induction of the PKC isoform delta. These data indicate an integrin-dependent signal transduction pathway leading to induction of chemotactic activity by the ECM protein fibrinogen. This mechanism may contribute to induction of chemokines in early atherosclerotic lesions.
 ...
PMID:Fibrinogen induces chemotactic activity in endothelial cells. 1235 70

The present study was performed to explore differences in the expression of P-selectin and IL-8 production of blood cells in healthy individuals with large size platelets (MI-families) as compared to people having normal size platelets. A positive correlation between LPS-induced IL-8 production per platelet in whole blood and mean platelet volume (MPV) was found in the large platelet group (R=0.74, P<0.05). When the large and normal groups were combined the correlation was nearly, but not quite significant (R=0.46, P<0.06). There was also a positive correlation between sP-selectin and MPV (R=0.42, P<0.05). Furthermore, IL-8 in serum was positively correlated to sP-selectin in serum (R=0.68, P<0.005). sP-selectin baseline values in citrated plasma correlated significantly with values found in serum (R=0.72, P<0.0005), indicating that sP-selectin in blood originates from the platelets rather than from endothelial cells. Significant correlations were also found in both groups between P-selectin and CD40L (R=0.44, P<0.05) and P-selectin and RANTES (R=0.44, P<0.05). A significant correlation was also found between PDGF and RANTES (R=0.44, P<0.05). Our results suggest that larger platelets enhance the production of IL-8 more than normally sized platelets. This phenomenon is probably mediated through P-selectin exposed on platelets.
 ...
PMID:Studies of biological functions in blood cells from individuals with large platelets. 1471 10

The presence and the different functional aspects of cytokine-related molecules in invertebrates are described. Cytokine-like factors affect immune functions, such as cell motility, chemotaxis, phagocytosis and cytotoxicity. In particular, cell migration shows a species-specific effect for IL-1alpha and TNF-alpha and a dose-correlated effect for IL-8, PDGF-AB and TGF-beta1. Apart from some exceptions, the phagocytic effect increases significantly at all the concentrations tested and with all the species used. PDGF-AB, TGF-beta1 and IL-8 provoke conformational changes in mollusk immunocytes, involving the signaling transduction pathways of phosphatidylinositol and cAMP. PDGF-AB and TGF-beta1 partially inhibit the induced programmed cell death in an insect cell line, and the survival effect is mediated by the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, PKA and PKC. The exogenous administration of these growth factors in an invertebrate wound repair model showed that they are able to control the wound environment and promote the repair process by accelerating the coordinated activities involved. Moreover, IL-1alpha, IL-2 and TNF-alpha are able to induce nitric oxide synthase. PDGF-AB and TGF-beta1 provoke an increase in neutral endopeptidase-24.11 (NEP)-like activity in membrane preparations from mollusk immunocytes, while NEP deactivates the PDGF-AB- and TGF-beta1-induced cell shape changes. Cytokines are also involved in invertebrate stress response in a manner extremely similar to that in vertebrates. Several studies suggest the existence on the mollusk immunocyte membrane of an ancestral receptor capable of binding both IL-2 and CRH. Furthermore, the competition found between CRH and a large number of cytokines supports the idea that invertebrate cytokine receptors show a certain degree of promiscuity. The multiple functions of cytokines detected in invertebrates underline another characteristic of mammalian cytokines, i.e. their great pleiotropicity. Altogether, the studies on the function of the invertebrate humoral factors show a close overlapping with those found in vertebrates, and the hypothesized missing correlation between invertebrate and vertebrate cytokine genes that is emerging from the limited molecular biology data present in literature might represent a very peculiar strategy followed by Nature in the evolution of cytokines.
 ...
PMID:Invertebrate humoral factors: cytokines as mediators of cell survival. 1497 62


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>