Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P10145 (IL-8)
 23,849 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Neutrophil infiltration is a major feature in the pathogenesis of the common cold, and respiratory viral infection is the major cause of asthma exacerbations. The factors regulating the neutrophil influx are unknown. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a potent neutrophil chemoattractant, which has been implicated in several inflammatory diseases. In this study, we investigated the presence of IL-8 chemokine in the nasal aspirates of asthmatic children (n = 12) in whom asthma was precipitated by proven viral infection. There were increased IL-8 levels in nasal aspirates from children during the virus-induced asthma exacerbations compared with samples from the same children when they had been asymptomatic for 2 wk (medians 863 and < 20 pg/ml, respectively, p < 0.01). Biological relevance was shown in that IL-8 levels correlate with increased nasal aspirate neutrophil myeloperoxidase levels and there was also a correlation between myeloperoxidase levels and upper respiratory symptom severity. Furthermore, we purified IL-8 from these samples, and demonstrated biological neutrophil chemotactic activity. These are the first in vivo data to suggest an important role for IL-8 in neutrophil influx in proven upper respiratory viral infection associated with asthma exacerbations. We suggest that IL-8 might provide a target for therapeutic intervention in virus-induced respiratory diseases.
 ...
PMID:Role of nasal interleukin-8 in neutrophil recruitment and activation in children with virus-induced asthma. 910 80

The C-X-C chemokines of the IL-8 family possess potent chemotactic activity for neutrophils, but their in vivo role in inflammatory responses is not well understood. In the IgG immune complex-induced model of acute lung inflammatory injury in the rat we have evaluated the roles of two rat chemokines, macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC). Both mRNA and protein for MIP-2 and CINC appeared in a time-dependent manner after initiation of IgG immune complex deposition in lung. There exists a 69% homology between the amino acid sequences for these proteins, and we found cross-reactivity between polyclonal Abs raised to these chemokines. By purifying the blocking Abs using double affinity methods (with Ag-immobilized beads), this cross-reactivity was removed. Individually, anti-MIP-2 and anti-CINC Ab significantly reduced lung injury (as measured by 125I-labeled albumin leakage from the pulmonary vasculature) and reduced neutrophil accumulation in the lung (as determined by myeloperoxidase (MPO content) and neutrophil counts in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids); however, no change in TNF-alpha levels in BAL fluids was found. Chemotactic activity in BAL fluids collected 2 h after injury from animals undergoing immune complex deposition could be shown to be chiefly due to the combined contributions of MIP-2 (39%), CINC (28%), and C5a (21%). When either MIP-2 or CINC was blocked in vivo, up-regulation of Mac-1 expression on neutrophils obtained from BAL fluids was significantly reduced. These data suggest that, in the model studied, both MIP-2 and CINC contribute significantly to the influx of neutrophils and their activation.
 ...
PMID:Requirement for C-X-C chemokines (macrophage inflammatory protein-2 and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant) in IgG immune complex-induced lung injury. 912 Mar 5

Although circulating levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8), a potent pro-inflammatory chemokine, and many other inflammatory mediators increase in response to cardiopulmonary bypass, only a small proportion of patients develop a clinically significant systemic inflammatory response. The natural mechanisms that control the inflammatory response are poorly understood. To investigate the role of IL-8 in a human inflammatory model, 15 adult patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass for elective coronary artery bypass grafting were studied. Following reperfusion, plasma IL-8 levels increased significantly from 58 pg/mL (pre-bypass) and 66 pg/mL (after 20 min of bypass) to 98 pg/mL (p = .02 and .04, respectively), but this was accompanied by a concomitant threefold decrease in the IL-8 binding affinity of circulating neutrophils (Dissociation constant (KL) post-reperfusion/KL pre-bypass = 3.2; KL post-reperfusion/KL after 20 min of bypass = 2.8). IL-8-triggered release of myeloperoxidase and elastase by peripheral blood neutrophils ex vivo was also down-regulated following reperfusion. There were no significant changes in beta 2 integrin expression or inositol polyphosphate metabolism of peripheral blood neutrophils. These changes in receptor affinity and neutrophil responsiveness to IL-8 may represent an important in vivo regulatory mechanism which serves to prevent excessive tissue injury from inflammatory triggers.
 ...
PMID:Desensitization of the inflammatory response in humans: changes in response to cardiopulmonary bypass. 937 61

The objective of our study was to elucidate the involvement of interleukin (IL)-8 in the hCG-induced rabbit ovulatory process. After administering hCG (100 IU i.v.), we examined myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, which represents neutrophil accumulation; neutrophil elastase (NE) activity, which is an indicator of neutrophil activity; and levels of IL-8 in the ovaries. The maximal level of IL-8 was observed before MPO and NE activities reached a peak: production of IL-8, MPO, and NE activities peaked, respectively, at 4 h (5.58 +/- 0.88 pg/mg ovary, n = 13), 6 h (1.07 +/- 0.13 deltaA/min per gram ovary, n = 8), and 9 h (18.89 +/- 1.05 U/g ovary, n = 8). Anti-rabbit IL-8 antiserum given i.v. significantly reduced the maximal levels of hCG-induced MPO activity (antiserum vs. control; 0.34 +/- 0.04 vs. 1.12 +/- 0.11 deltaA/min per gram ovary, n = 14, p < 0.001) and NE activity (8.14 +/- 0.85 vs. 18.30 +/- 0.79 U/g ovary, n = 14, p < 0.001). The hCG-induced ovulation rate was significantly inhibited by the antiserum (50.5% vs. 83.9%, n = 14, p < 0.001). Intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg of ONO-5046, a specific NE inhibitor, also attenuated the ovulation rate (ONO-5046 vs. vehicle; 56.0% vs. 74.0%, n = 14, p < 0.05). These findings clearly indicate that IL-8 has an important role in the hCG-induced ovulatory process through the accumulation and activation of neutrophils.
 ...
PMID:Interleukin-8 as an essential factor in the human chorionic gonadotropin-induced rabbit ovulatory process: interleukin-8 induces neutrophil accumulation and activation in ovulation. 947 10

The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy of a new combination regimen including an antioxidant, a proton pump inhibitor, and antibiotics against Helicobacter pylori and to document the changes of oxidative stress and cytokines involved in H. pylori-associated gastric inflammation. From 57 patients with endoscopically diagnosed gastric and/or duodenal ulcers associated with H. pylori infection five gastric antral biopsy specimens were taken for the diagnosis of H. pylori and for the experimental measures. The patients were then treated either with lansoprazole 30 mg + amoxicillin 1.5 g (LA group; 21 patients) or lansoprazole 30 mg + amoxicillin 1.5 g + rebamipide 300 mg (LAM group; 36 patients) for two weeks. Four weeks after the initiation of treatment, the patients were endoscoped again and biopsy specimens were obtained. Mucosal malondialdehyde (MDA) levels; myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities; superoxide dismutase; catalase; glutathione peroxidase; cytokines IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha; and chemokines IL-8, GRO-alpha, RANTES (regulated on activation normal T expressed and secreted) were measured. Using paraffin-embedded tissue sections, in situ terminal deoxyribonucleotide transferase (TdT) mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) for apoptosis and immunohistochemical staining for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were performed. Two weeks of treatment with the LA regimen resulted in 57.4% eradication rates of H. pylori, whereas two weeks of treatment with the LAM regimen resulted in 75.0% eradication rates. Eradication rates between these two groups were statistically significantly different (P < 0.05). Mucosal MDA levels and MPO activities were significantly lower in the LAM group than the LA group. Mucosal levels of cytokines IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-alpha and of chemokines IL-8, GRO-alpha, and RANTES were all significantly decreased after the treatment of H. pylori, especially so in the LAM group. The apoptotic index and iNOS score were significantly reduced after the eradication of H. pylori. The addition of an antioxidative drug to the eradication regimen against H. pylori has advantages either in augmenting the eradication rates of H. pylori or in decreasing the oxidative stress and cytokines levels generated by H. pylori infection.
 ...
PMID:Augmented eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori by new combination therapy with lansoprazole, amoxicillin, and rebamipide. 951 12

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a peptide which induces not only chemotaxis of neutrophils but also the release of reactive oxygen metabolites from the neutrophils. There are few reports which clarify the relationships between IL-8 and mucosal infiltration of neutrophils or reactive oxygen metabolites produced by neutrophils in the colonic mucosa of ulcerative colitis (UC). Biopsy specimens of colonic mucosa obtained from 26 patients with active UC and 21 patients with inactive UC were studied in order to clarify the relationships among the inflammation factors in UC. Levels of IL-8 and myeloperoxidase in organ culture media of the biopsy specimens from active UC (measured by ELISA and EIA) were significantly higher than those from inactive UC and controls. Reactive oxygen metabolites of biopsy specimens in active UC (measured by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence) were also markedly increased compared to those in inactive UC and controls. The levels of IL-8 were closely correlated to luminol-dependent chemiluminescence or myeloperoxidase levels. However, the levels of IL-8 and myeloperoxidase did not correlate with the grades of activity on colonoendoscopic findings. These findings suggest that IL-8 may play a role in the pathophysiology of UC but it does not define the endoscopic activity grades of UC.
 ...
PMID:Correlations between interleukin-8, and myeloperoxidase or luminol-dependent chemiluminescence in inflamed mucosa of ulcerative colitis. 961 52

Biomarkers in nasal lavage (NL) fluid may be useful in determining the presence and severity of upper airway inflammation. We studied 18 boilermakers overhauling a large, oil-fired boiler and 11 utility workers who served as controls for 6 wk. NL was performed before (NL1), during (NL2), and after (NL3) the overhaul. We measured nasal fluid levels of interleukins 6 (IL-6) and 8 (IL-8), eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) as markers of response to fuel-oil ash exposure. In boilermakers, MPO was elevated during boiler work versus preboiler work (mean = 33.8 versus 22.7 ng/ml, p < 0.05), and at the 2-wk postexposure lavage (NL3) it had declined to 24.2 ng/ml (p = 0.08). Mean IL-8 levels increased in boilermakers between NL1 and NL2 (mean = 83.8 versus 134.8 pg/ml, p < 0.05), then decreased at NL3 (mean = 134.8 versus 89.0 pg/ml, p < 0.05). Nasal fluid vanadium increased in boilermakers between NL1 and NL2 (median < 1.0 versus 4.7 ppb, respectively, p < 0.05), then decreased at NL3 (median, 4.7 versus < 1.0 ppb, respectively, p < 0. 05). Levels of IL-6 and ECP did not change significantly during the study. Utility workers showed no significant change in any marker during the study period. Particulate matter < 10 micro(m) (PM10) levels were higher for boilermakers than for utility workers before boiler work (geometric mean (GM) = 0.40 versus 0.10 mg/m3, p < 0.05). This difference was more significant during boiler work (GM = 0.47 versus 0.13 mg/m3, p < 0.001). Ozone levels were low during the study. These data suggest that exposure to fuel-oil ash results in acute upper airway inflammation, potentially mediated by increased IL-8 levels and the recruitment and activation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. These changes were associated with significantly increased PM10 levels and concentrations of upper airway vanadium.
 ...
PMID:Molecular markers of acute upper airway inflammation in workers exposed to fuel-oil ash. 965 27

Short-term exposure to ozone at peak ambient levels induces neutrophil influx and impairs lung function in healthy humans. In order to investigate the mechanisms contributing to neutrophil recruitment and to examine the role of T-cells in the acute inflammatory response, we exposed 12 healthy humans to 0.2 parts per million (ppm) of ozone and filtered air on two separate occasions for 2 h with intermittent periods of rest and exercise (minute ventilation = 30 L x min(-1)). Fibreoptic bronchoscopy was performed 6 h after the end of exposures. Total protein, tryptase, histamine, myeloperoxidase, interleukin (IL)-8 and growth-related oncogene-alpha (Gro-alpha) were measured and total and differential cell counts were performed in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. Flow cytometry was performed on BAL cells to study total T-cells, T-cell receptors (alphabeta and gammadelta), T-cell subsets (CD4+ and CD8+ cells) and activated T-cell subsets (CD25+). Using immunohistochemistry, neutrophils, mast cells, total T-cell numbers, T-cell subsets, CD25+ T-cells and leukocyte endothelial adhesion molecules including P-selectin, E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and vascular adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 were quantified in the bronchial biopsies. Paired samples were available from nine subjects. Following ozone exposure there was a threefold increase in the proportion of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) (p=0.07) and epithelial cells (p=0.05) in BAL fluid. This was accompanied by increased concentrations of IL-8 (p=0.01), Gro-alpha (p=0.05) and total protein (p=0.058). A significant positive correlation was demonstrated between the two chemokines and proportion of PMNs in BAL fluid. After ozone exposure there was a significant decrease in the CD4/CD8 ratio (p=0.05) and the proportion of activated CD4+ (p=0.01) and CD8+ T-cells (p=0.04). However, no significant changes were demonstrable in any of the inflammatory markers studied in the biopsies. Short-term exposure of healthy humans to 0.2 ppm ozone induced a neutrophil influx in peripheral airways at 6 h post exposure, but no apparent inflammatory response in proximal airways. This response seems to be mediated at least in part by interleukin-8 and growth-related oncogene-alpha.
 ...
PMID:Effects of 0.2 ppm ozone on biomarkers of inflammation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and bronchial mucosa of healthy subjects. 965 69

Long-term survival of lung transplant recipients is limited by the advent of obliterative bronchiolitis and irreversible airways obstruction, e.g. bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). This study investigated whether inflammatory cells and their activation markers were increased in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and transbronchial biopsies (TBB) from patients with BOS. Levels of antioxidants in BAL fluid were also assessed. BAL fluid and TBB from six single-lung, two bilateral-lung, and five heart-lung transplanted patients with diagnosis of BOS were compared with 13 transplant recipients without BOS. BAL fluid levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and interleukin (IL)-8 were used as markers for the activation and attraction of neutrophils and eosinophils, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining of TBB with monoclonal antibodies to MPO and ECP (EG2) was performed. Significantly increased BAL percentages of neutrophils and levels of MPO were found in patients with BOS. The findings correlated well with the degree of monoclonal staining for MPO in TBB. BAL levels of ECP and IL-8 were significantly increased in BOS patients. BAL concentrations of the water-soluble antioxidants ascorbate, urate and glutathione were generally lower in BOS patients. The results indicate that neutrophil infiltration and activation, as well as oxidative stress, may play a role in the development and/or progression of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. Markers for neutrophil activation could have a potential role in monitoring disease activity in patients with this syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome in lung transplant recipients is associated with increased neutrophil activity and decreased antioxidant status in the lung. 970 19

The effect of obstructive jaundice on neutrophil chemotactic function was investigated, with a potent chemotactic factor, IL-8 (recombinant rat GRO-beta), in rats that received 7-day bile duct ligation. Carrageenin or IL-8 was injected into a preformed air pouch, and exudate was collected 4 h later for measurement of myeloperoxidase activity. In vitro chemotaxis of peripheral neutrophils to IL-8 was evaluated by a modified Boyden chamber method. Both carrageenin and IL-8 induced significantly pronounced intra-air pouch neutrophil recruitment in the bile duct-ligated group compared with a sham-ligated group. In vitro neutrophil chemotaxis was significantly increased in the bile duct-ligated group compared with the sham-ligated group. The present experimental model suggests enhanced neutrophil chemotaxis to IL-8 in obstructive jaundice.
 ...
PMID:Influence of biliary obstruction on neutrophil chemotaxis. 971 38


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>