Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P10145 (IL-8)
 23,849 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Neutrophil accumulation and plasma leakage were measured in rabbit skin at sites stimulated with recombinant human neutrophil activating peptide-1/interleukin-8 (NAP-1/IL-8). Neutrophil accumulation occurred at doses equal to or greater than 10(-11) moles NAP-1/IL-8 per site. Co-injection of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) extended the threshold of inflammatory activity of NAP-1/IL-8 to less than 10(-13) moles/site and caused approximately three-fold increases in neutrophil accumulation and ten-fold increases in plasma leakage at the higher doses of NAP-1/IL-8 examined. Plasma leakage declined more rapidly than did neutrophil accumulation as lesions aged. It was postulated that an endothelial response may be initiated to limit plasma leakage during ongoing neutrophil emigration at sites stimulated with NAP-1/IL-8. The induction of vasodilatation by injection of PGE2 masked the decline of plasma leakage with time in lesions up to 120 min old. Co-injection of the RNA synthesis inhibitor, actinomycin D, failed to abrogate the decline of plasma leakage with time, suggesting that de novo protein synthetic events such as production of the vasoconstrictor peptide, endothelin, are unlikely to contribute to the mechanism that restricts plasma leakage in older lesions. Although plasma leakage induced by NAP-1/IL-8 is dependent on the emigration of neutrophils, the results indicate that a mechanism, independent of de novo protein synthesis, restricts the rate of plasma leakage per neutrophil as lesions age.
Immunol Cell Biol 1990 Dec
PMID:Effect of exogenous prostaglandin E2 and actinomycin D on plasma leakage induced by neutrophil-activating peptide-1/interleukin-8. 209 95

The antitumor effect of PSK, a Coriolus preparation, at a distant site was analyzed with the use of a double grafted tumor system in which male BALB/c mice received simultaneous intradermal inoculations of Meth-A tumor in the right (10(6) cells) and the left (2 x 10(5) cells) flanks and were then injected with PSK in the right tumor on the third day thereafter. The antitumor effect of intratumoral administration of PSK in the right tumor on days 3, 4 and 5 was compared with the effect of surgical resection of the right tumor on day 5. Three out of 8 mice given PSK intratumorally became tumor-free whereas no mouse tumor-free in the left flank was found among the surgically resected mice. As regards sinecomitant immunity, tumor inoculation into the right flank followed by intra-tumoral administration of PSK on days 3 and 5 and surgical excision of the primary tumor on day 6 resulted in complete rejection of a tumor challenge in the left flank on day 21. The combination of presurgical intratumoral injections of PSK (more than 2 times) and postoperative oral administration of PSK appeared to be most effective in eradicating secondary tumors. Isolated TILs (tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes), obtained from the right tumor (treated with PSK) and the left tumor on day 10 in the double grafted tumor system were cultured in RPMI1640 with 10% fetal calf serum for 24 h. The culture supernatants were harvested and tested for the presence of chemotactic activity for neutrophils or macrophages. Significant neutrophil chemotactic factor (NCF) and macrophage chemotactic factor (MCF) activities were detected in the culture media from PSK-treated TILs that had been cultured for 24 h. Neither significant neutrophil nor macrophage chemotactic activity was detected in the media from untreated TILs. NCF and MCF activities were also detected in the culture supernatant from PSK-treated tumor tissue on day 6. PSK-induced NCF in the murine tumor was neutralized by treatment with anti-human IL-8 IgG, and might be murine IL-8-like factor. Therefore, neutrophil and macrophage infiltrations of tumors following intratumoral injections of PSK are probably mediated by inductions of IL-8-like factor and MCF.
Jpn J Cancer Res 1990 Dec
PMID:Antitumor effect of PSK at a distant site: inductions of interleukin-8-like factor and macrophage chemotactic factor in murine tumor. 212

Because of the association of burn injury with subsequent bacterial infection, numerous studies have been performed characterizing neutrophil function in burn injury. These studies provide a picture of intravascular complement activation, neutrophil-C5a interactions, and consequent disordered cellular function. Neutrophil dysfunction includes suppressed random and C5a-directed migration and hyperresponsiveness to oxidative stimuli. These observations do not explain the histologic and functional involvement of neutrophils in ARDS and perhaps other organ failure states. Circumstantial and extrapolated information suggests that macrophage-lineage cells function as regulators of neutrophil function within matrix environments in burn injury. Elevated endotoxin levels have been found in burned patients, which would support the notion of endotoxin-stimulated monocytes/macrophages as inducing neutrophil migration into connective tissue matrices (LTB4 and IL-8), inducing prolonged oxidant production (TNF-alpha, GM-CSF), and inducing neutrophil release of regulatory substances from neutrophils (G-CSF). This information suggests a variety of experimental approaches to testing this hypothesis.
J Trauma 1990 Dec
PMID:Neutrophil disorders in burn injury: complement, cytokines, and organ injury. 225 97

Cytokines are (glyco)proteins that are synthesized and secreted by various cells, which bind to specific receptors on target cells and which regulate activation, proliferation, and differentiation of immune as well as non-immune cells. Keratinocytes upon injury release interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, colony-stimulating factors, and tumor-necrosis factor, as well as growth and suppressor factors. There is also strong evidence for a network of interacting cytokines, which has been only partially characterized so far, maintaining a proper balance. However, excessive or insufficient production of these mediators may contribute to certain disease states, particularly those with infectious and autoimmune genesis. Therefore the understanding of cytokine interactions may be helpful in elucidating the pathomechanisms of such diseases. Moreover, certain cytokines, as well as their analogues and antagonists, may prove to be of therapeutic value.
J Invest Dermatol 1990 Dec
PMID:Evidence for an epidermal cytokine network. 225 24

Activated polymorphonuclear neutrophilic granulocytes (PMN) play an important role in propagation of inflammatory reactions and are capable of mediating tissue damage particularly by release of reactive oxygen species and lysosomal contents. Cytokines produced by monocytes as well as epidermal cells were recently shown to modulate PMN function. Therefore, the effect of immunomodulating cytokines on the oxidative metabolism of isolated human PMN was tested by functional as well as ultrastructural criteria. The following recombinant human cytokines were tested: tumor necrosis factor (TNF alpha), lymphotoxin (TNF beta), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), M-CSF, G-CSF, PDGF, TGF-beta, interleukin-1 (IL-1) alpha and beta, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, MONAP/MOC/NAF (IL-8), interferon-alpha and -gamma. Only TNF alpha, TNF beta and GM-CSF were found to be direct stimuli of the oxidative burst in human PMN whereas IL-3, IL-5, and IL-8 were active only at extremely high concentrations. None of the other cytokines tested induced any significant effect on isolated human PMN at physiological concentrations. The results clearly demonstrate that only selected cytokines are capable of inducing a long lasting activation of PMN oxidative metabolism. Release of these mediators represents a specific signal for PMN activation in inflammatory disease states.
J Invest Dermatol 1990 Dec
PMID:Activation of the oxidative metabolism in human polymorphonuclear neutrophilic granulocytes: the role of immuno-modulating cytokines. 225 41

Human blood mononuclear cells were cultured for 24 h in the presence of LPS (100 ng per 5 x 10(6) cells), and a monocyte-derived neutrophil-activating factor (NAF) was purified to apparent homogeneity from the conditioned media. The purification consisted of ammonium sulphate precipitation, gel filtration, chromatography on phosphocellulose followed by hydroxylapatite, and reversed-phase HPLC on C4 and CN-propyl columns. Amino acid sequence analysis (32 of 50 presumed residues) shows that NAF is a novel peptide with little homology to known ones. Crude and pure NAF stimulated human neutrophils to release granule enzymes and to produce superoxide and H2O2.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1987 Dec 16
PMID:Purification and amino acid sequencing of NAF, a novel neutrophil-activating factor produced by monocytes. 332 81

Stimulated human monocytes release several proteins thought to play a role in inflammation, including interleukin 1, tumor necrosis factor, and plasminogen activator. We have purified another proinflammatory protein that is chemotactic for human neutrophils from conditioned medium of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocytes. After a series of steps that included anion-exchange chromatography, gel filtration, and HPLC on cation-exchange and reverse-phase columns, an apparently pure protein was obtained that migrated as a single 7-kDa band on NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gels under reducing or nonreducing conditions. The amino acid composition of this monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor was different from that of interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor. N-terminal amino acid sequence of the first 42 residues was determined. This portion of the molecule has up to 56% sequence similarity with several proteins that may be involved in host responses to infection or tissue injury. It is identical to a portion of a sequence deduced from an mRNA induced by staphylococcal enterotoxin treatment of human leukocytes. At the optimal concentration of 10 nM, 50% of neutrophils added to chemotaxis assay wells migrated toward the pure attractant. Potency and efficacy are comparable to that of fMet-Leu-Phe, which is often used as a reference. In contrast to many attractants, the protein was not chemotactic for human monocytes.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1987 Dec
PMID:Purification of a human monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor that has peptide sequence similarity to other host defense cytokines. 348 May 40

Faecal carriage of bacterial enteropathogens (enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), shigellae and salmonellae) was studied in 265 individuals: 65 infants 3-6 months of age (50 bottle-fed and 15 breast-fed), 100 school-age children 8-10 years of age and 100 adults 21-50 years of age. All were apparently healthy, did not have gastrointestinal symptoms, had not received antibiotics in the preceding fortnight and were not malnourished. Enteropathogens were isolated from the faeces of 24 individuals (9.1%). Cultures were positive for enteropathogens in 20% of the infants (both breast- and bottle-fed), 8% of school-age children and 3% of the adults. EPEC was the most frequent isolate. Twelve different serotypes were detected. The highest recoveries were E. coli 026:K60 and 044 . K74. Shigella was detected only in school-age children (2%) and salmonella only in adults (1%). Campylobacter jejuni and Yersinia enterocolitica were studied only in the school-age children: there was one isolate of each of them. Most enteropathogens isolated were susceptible to the majority of the antibiotics tested. Only four E. coli strains, isolated from bottle-fed infants, could be considered multi-resistant. Two of the strains wer E. coli 044:K74 and 020a020c:K61. The remainder were E. coli 0111:K58 and wee capable of transferring some of their antibiotic resistance traits to a recipient strain.
J Hyg (Lond) 1983 Dec
PMID:Enteropathogen carriage by healthy individuals living in an area with poor sanitation. 636 28

Alkaline phosphatase from Streptomyces hygroscopicus strain JA 5999-R 27-158 was purified and characterized. The enzyme was found in the culture filtrate and in the mycelium. The phosphatase was extracted from the mycelium and purified by adsorption to DEAE-cellulose. To separate impurities, the crude enzyme solution was heated and the phosphatase purified by chromatography through CM-Sepharose and Sephadex G 100. The specific activity of the resulting enzyme was 1000 microMol/min/mg at 25 degrees C. The molecular weight determined by SDS gel electrophoresis was found to be 56 000. The Michaelis-Menten constant determined with p-nitrophenylphosphate as substrate was Km = 1.25 X 10(-3) M. Phosphatase activity was dependent on the presence of Ca++ and the maximum activity of enzyme with p-nitrophenylphosphate as substrate was found at pH 9.2. The pI as detected by isoelectric focusing was at pH 5.6. Temperatures from 30 degrees to 75 degrees C did not affect the stability of the enzyme. The alkaline phosphatase exhibited high substrate specificity; of various phosphomonoesters tested, only p-nitrophenylphosphate, methylumbelliferyl-phosphate, phosphoenolpyruvate, ADP, ATP and tyrosine-O-phosphate was hydrolysed. The activity was inhibited by NAF, Na2P2O7 and EDTA. The involvement of the alkaline phosphatase in the regulation of secondary metabolism was discussed.
Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A 1984 Dec
PMID:[Metabolism of phosphate-limited Streptomyces cultures. I. Purification and characterization of alkaline phosphatase produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus]. 653 19

Non-linear capsular polysaccharides of Klebsiella bacteria usually have a single side-chain per repeating unit, or, less commonly, two side-chains attached to the same unit. The capsular polysaccharide from Klebsiella serotype K60 is unique in having three side-chains in the heptasaccharide repeating-unit shown. The structure, including the configuration of the glycosidic linkages, was established mainly by characterization of the oligosaccharides obtained by partial hydrolysis of both the original, capsular polysaccharide and the polymer resulting from the removal, by Smith degradation, of the side chains (Formula, see text).
Carbohydr Res 1980 Dec 01
PMID:The capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella serotype K60; a novel, structural pattern. 743 38


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