Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P10145 (IL-8)
 23,849 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Muscle damage and perceived soreness following the 160-km Western States Endurance Run were related to changes in plasma cytokines and use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). Subjects included 60 ultramarathoners (mean+/-SE, age 45.3 +/- 1.1 years) who finished the race in under 30 h (26.3 +/- 0.4 h). Blood samples were collected the morning prior to and immediately following the race, and subjects recorded muscle soreness during the week following the race using a 10-point Likert scale (DOMS). Seven plasma cytokines were measured including IL-6, IL-10, IL-8, IL-1ra, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein 1beta (MIP-1beta). Cytokine changes were compared between NSAID users and nonusers, and correlated with creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and DOMS. Significant increases were measured for all seven cytokines, with the greatest fold increases seen for IL-6 (125x), IL-10 (24x), and G-CSF (12x). CPK was correlated with changes in IL-6, G-CSF, IL-10, IL-1ra, and MCP-1 (r = .49-.68), (P < .001), but not IL-8 or MIP-1beta. DOMS averaged 7.1 +/- 0.3 the day after the race, and 5.0 +/- 0.3, 2.5 +/- 0.2, and 1.6 +/- 0.1 3 days, 5 days, and 7 days post-race, respectively, and each was correlated with CPK (r = .40-.63, P < .001) and changes in IL-6, G-CSF, IL-10, and MCP-1 (r = .28-.77, P < .05). A comparison of NSAID users (72% of athletes) and nonusers showed no differences in CPK or DOMS, but did reveal greater increases in five of seven cytokines in the NSAID users (P < .05). In conclusion, muscle damage in athletes competing in a 160-km race was significantly correlated with post-race DOMS and increases in five of seven cytokines. NSAID users did not experience a reduction in muscle damage or DOMS, but did have higher post-race plasma levels in five of seven cytokines.
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PMID:Muscle damage is linked to cytokine changes following a 160-km race. 1606 Nov 49

The primary purpose of this study was to measure the influence of ibuprofen use during the 160-km Western States Endurance Run on endotoxemia, inflammation, and plasma cytokines. Subjects included 29 ultramarathoners who consumed 600 and 1200 mg ibuprofen the day before and on race day, respectively, and 25 controls that competed in the race but avoided ibuprofen and all other medications. Blood and urine samples were collected the morning prior to and immediately following the race, and subjects recorded muscle soreness during the week following the race using a 10-point Likert scale (DOMS). Race time (25.8+/-.6 and 25.6+/-.8 h, respectively) and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE, 6-20 scale) (14.6+/-.4 and 14.5+/-.2, respectively) did not differ significantly between ibuprofen users and nonusers. Ibuprofen use compared to nonuse was linked to a smaller increase in urine creatinine (P=.038), higher plasma levels of lipopolysaccharide (group effect, P=.042), and greater increases (pre-to-post race) in serum C-reactive protein and plasma cytokine levels for interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-8, IL-1 ra, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, and macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta, but not tumor necrosis factor alpha. Post-race DOMS and serum creatine kinase levels did not differ significantly between ibuprofen users and nonusers (20,621+/-3565 and 13,886+/-3068 microcal/L, respectively, P=.163). In conclusion, ibuprofen use compared to nonuse by athletes competing in a 160-km race did not alter muscle damage or soreness, and was related to elevated indicators of endotoxemia and inflammation.
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PMID:Ibuprofen use, endotoxemia, inflammation, and plasma cytokines during ultramarathon competition. 1741 16

Suggested mechanisms for the systemic, circulating cytokinemia observed during heavy physical exertion include inflammation and energy demand. We compared cytokine levels and examined the underlying physiological mechanisms between a long-distance triathlon and a 100-km run, two endurance races of similar duration but characterized by differences in muscle strain. Blood samples were collected from 12 triathletes (34.8 +/- 1.4 yr) and 11 runners (42.4 +/- 2.2 yr) the day before and at the end of races (T1, R1), and 24 h and 7 days post-race (R2, R3). At R1, significant race-related differences were observed, with greater increases in plasma levels of interleukins (IL)-6, IL-1ra, and IL-10 in the triathletes than in the runners, while levels of the chemokine IL-8 increased solely in the runners (P < 0.05, P < 0.05, P < 0.01, and P < 0.001, respectively). At R1, free fatty acid (FFA) levels were 119% higher in the triathletes than in the runners, who were the most liable to muscle damage in view of increased levels of the muscle-specific enzyme, creatine kinase (CK), loss of muscle flexibility and decreased physical performance. At R1, levels of heat shock protein (HSP)72 increased in the two groups but were 173% higher in the runners. For the two groups, all parameters had returned to pre-race levels by seven days post-race. Positive correlations were noted between IL-6 and FFA in the triathletes and between IL-8 and CK and HSP72 in the runners. The differences between cytokine responses after a long distance triathlon and a 100-km run suggested that IL-6 and IL-8 could be employed as respective markers of the intensity of the muscular activity required for substrate availability and vascular inflammation.
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PMID:Comparison of systemic cytokine responses after a long distance triathlon and a 100-km run: relationship to metabolic and inflammatory processes. 1684 30

Increased Troponin I levels and pro-inflammatory cytokines have been reported in most patients undergoing cardiac surgery, ascribed to the type and extent of surgery, reperfusion injury, and the method of myocardial protection. We investigated their levels in patients undergoing on-pump (CCAB) or off-pump (OPCAB) coronary artery bypass surgery and whether these correlated with the extent of myocardial injury. One hundred twenty patients were prospectively randomized to undergo OPCAB (n = 60) or CCAB (n = 60). Hemodynamic and respiratory data, as well as serum CK-MB mass fraction, Troponin I, and interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-10 levels, were collected perioperatively. Demographic, hemodynamic, and respiratory parameters were similar between the two groups. Troponin I was significantly lower in the OPCAB than in the CCAB group, either at the end of ischemia, end of surgery, 6-hour and 24-hour postoperatively (4 +/- 3, 5 +/- 3, 7 +/- 5, and 8 +/- 3 microg/L, vs. 19 +/- 18, 27 +/- 19, 28 +/- 13.5, and 33 +/- 8.5 microg/L, respectively, p < 0.05). Serum cytokine levels in the OPCAB patients were lower compared to the CCAB group at the end of surgery (32 +/- 35, 25 +/- 30, and 40 +/- 30 pg/ml for IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 vs. 230 +/- 30, 140 +/- 70, and 125 +/- 50 pg/ml, respectively, p < 0.05). Plasma IL-6 levels correlated with the Troponin I levels at the end of surgery in both groups (r = 0.45, p = 0.01). Thus, OPCAB surgery is associated with reduced levels of Troponin I and activation of cytokines, compared to those in the CCAB group. High levels of these factors could correlate with myocardial damage during coronary artery bypass surgery. This finding warrants further laboratory and clinical confirmation in the future.
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PMID:Higher levels of serum cytokines and myocardial tissue markers during on-pump versus off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. 1684 20

This study has been conducted in an effort to establish metabolic and inflammatory responses of the myocardium during aortic valve surgery on the beating heart with CPB and continuous coronary sinus perfusion with normothermic blood. Twenty patients, divided into two groups, participated in this study. Conventional aortic valvular operations were performed on first 10 patients, while the second group, consisting of 10 patients as well, was subjected to the operations with CPB on the beating heart with continuously perfusion with blood through coronary sinus. There were total of 14 biological and 6 mechanical valves implanted in aortic position. In this study, cardiac markers and inflammatory mediators IL-8 and TNF, were measured preoperatively and postoperatively. Metabolic changes were documented based on the levels of CK-MB, troponin I, myoglobin and LDH. Inflammatory factors we measured through IL-8 and TNF. All measurements were taken in 6 hour intervals during the initial 48 hours following the operations. The patients of "the beating heart" group had significantly lower dose of markers and cytokines in comparison to those who had undergone the conventional valvular operation. The elimination of the adverse effects of global ischemia produced from reperfusion injury and the similarity to the physiological condition, suggests that the revival of the beating heart procedure is more reasonable. This procedure of valvular surgery on the beating heart can be one of the good surgical options for the high-risk valvular patients.
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PMID:Inflammatory and metabolic response of the myocardium during aortic valve surgery on the beating heart. 1687 16

The purpose of this study was to measure the influence of quercetin on plasma cytokines, leukocyte cytokine mRNA, and related variables in ultramarathoners competing in the 160-km Western States Endurance Run (WSER). Sixty-three runners were randomized to quercetin and placebo groups and under double-blinded methods ingested 1000 mg/day quercetin for 3 weeks before the WSER. Thirty-nine of the 63 subjects (n = 18 for quercetin, n = 21 for placebo) finished the race and provided blood samples the morning before the race and 15-30 min postrace. Significant prerace to postrace WSER increases were measured for nine proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory plasma cytokines, cortisol (quercetin = 94%, placebo = 96%), serum C-reactive protein (CRP) (mean +/- SE absolute increase, quercetin = 31.8 +/- 4.2, placebo = 38.2 +/- 5.0 mg/L), and creatine kinase (CK) (quercetin = 21,575 +/- 3,977, placebo = 19,455 +/- 3,969 U/L), with no significant group differences. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA did not change post-WSER, with a significant decrease measured for leukocyte IL-8 mRNA (0.21 +/- 0.03-fold and 0.25 +/- 0.04-fold change from rest, quercetin and placebo, respectively) and significant increases for IL-1Ra mRNA (1.43 +/- 0.18-fold and 1.40 +/- 0.16-fold change, quercetin and placebo, respectively) and IL-10 mRNA (12.9 +/- 3.9-fold and 17.2 +/- 6.1-fold change, quercetin and placebo, respectively), with no significant differences between groups. In conclusion, quercetin ingestion (1 g/day) by ultramarathon athletes for 3 weeks before a competitive 160-km race significantly increased plasma quercetin levels but failed to attenuate muscle damage, inflammation, increases in plasma cytokine and hormone levels, and alterations in leukocyte cytokine mRNA expression.
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PMID:Quercetin ingestion does not alter cytokine changes in athletes competing in the Western States Endurance Run. 1818 41

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a recently emerged infectious disease with significant morbidity and mortality. An epidemic in 2003 affected 8,098 patients in 29 countries with 774 deaths. The aetiological agent is a new coronavirus spread by droplet transmission. Clinical and general laboratory manifestations included fever, chills, rigor, myalgia, malaise, diarrhoea, cough, dyspnoea, pneumonia, lymphopenia, neutrophilia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LD), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and creatine kinase (CK) activities. Treatment has been empirical; initial potent antibiotic cover, followed by simultaneous ribavirin and corticosteroids, with or without pulse high-dose methylprednisolone, have been used. The postulated disease progression comprises (1) active viral infection, (2) hyperactive immune response, and (3) recovery or pulmonary destruction and death. We investigated serum LD isoenzymes and blood lymphocyte subsets of SARS patients, and found LD1 activity as the best biochemical prognostic indicator for death, while CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and natural killer cell counts were promising predictors for intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Plasma cytokine and chemokine profiles showed markedly elevated Th1 cytokine interferon (IFN)-gamma, inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6 and IL-12, neutrophil chemokine IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and Th1 chemokine IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) for at least two weeks after disease onset, but there was no significant elevation of inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Corticosteroid reduced IL-8, MCP-1 and IP-10 concentrations from 5-8 days after treatment. Measurement of biochemical markers of bone metabolism demonstrated significant but transient increase in bone resorption from Day 28-44 after onset of fever, when pulse steroid was most frequently given. With tapering down of steroid therapy, there was a decrease in bone resorption marker together with an increase in bone formation markers round Day 50, suggesting that some of the bone loss might be reversed. Our research studies on the chemical pathology and clinical immunology of SARS should have implications for the pathophysiology and therapy of this potentially lethal infection.
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PMID:Severe acute respiratory syndrome: clinical and laboratory manifestations. 1845 12

The minimized extracorporeal circulation system (MECC) is being used to reduce priming volume and blood/polymer contact during cardiac procedures. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and potential advantages of the system in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients. We included two groups of patients destined for CABG in a prospective, randomized study: Group A was operated on the usual pump (n = 30) while Group B was operated using the MECC (n = 50). Pre-operative demographics, intra-operative times and values as well as a series of post-operative outcome data (blood loss, transfusion requirements, ventilation time, ICU and hospital stay) were recorded. CK, CK-MB, troponin-T, IL-6 and IL-8 were measured. Pre-operative and post-operative lung function were assessed. In the MECC-operated group, patients developed less post-operative troponin-T (0.2 +/- 0.3 vs. 0.5 +/- 0.5 ng/mL, p=0.031) and less IL-8 (13.8 +/- 5 vs. 22.5 +/- 0.5 microg/L, p = 0.05). While blood loss was comparable in both groups, packed red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma were given less frequently in the MECC group (p = 0.015 resp. 0.022). The one-tailed Student's t-test revealed shorter bypass time in the MECC group (74 +/- 17 vs. 82 +/- 24 min). There was no difference in ventilation and ICU-time (patients were not treated in a fast-track fashion). The FEV1 was better in the MECC group (relative values: 70.1 +/- 18.2% vs. 61.1 +/- 12.3%, p = 0.02). Utilization of the MECC may cause less cytokine (IL-8) liberation, owing to less blood/tubing contact, as well as less red blood cell and fresh frozen plasma demand. It may also be the circuit in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
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PMID:The minimized extracorporeal circulation system causes less inflammation and organ damage. 1902 64

Muscle atrophy commonly follows anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and surgery. Proinflammatory cytokines can induce and exacerbate oxidative stress, potentiating muscle atrophy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of prior antioxidant (AO) supplementation on circulating cytokines following ACL surgery. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in men undergoing ACL surgery, who were randomly assigned to either: (1) AO (200 IU of vitamin E (50% d-alpha-tocopheryl acetate and 50% d-alpha-tocopherol) and 500 mg ascorbic acid), or (2) matching placebos (PL). Subjects took supplements twice daily for 2 weeks prior to and up to 12 weeks after surgery. Each subject provided five blood samples: (1) baseline (Bsl, prior to supplementation and approximately 2 weeks prior to surgery), (2) presurgery (Pre), (3) 90 min, (4) 72 h, and (5) 7 days postsurgery. Following surgery, inflammation and muscle damage increased in both groups, as assessed by increased circulating IL-6, C-reactive protein, and creatine kinase. During AO supplementation, plasma alpha-T and AA increased while gamma-T concentrations decreased significantly (P< 0.05). At 90 min the AO group displayed a significant decrease in AA, an inverse correlation between AA and (interleukin) IL-8 (r(2)= 0.50, P< 0.05), and a significantly lower IL-10 response than that of the PL group. IL-10 was significantly elevated at 90 min and 72 h in the PL group. In summary, our findings show that circulating inflammatory cytokines increase and AO supplementation attenuated the increase in IL-10 in patients post-ACL surgery.
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PMID:Modulation of inflammation by vitamin E and C supplementation prior to anterior cruciate ligament surgery. 1911 10

Hormone therapy (HT) is a potential treatment to relieve symptoms of menopause and prevent the onset of disease such as osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. We evaluated changes in markers of exercise-induced skeletal muscle damage and inflammation [serum creatine kinase (CK), serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and skeletal muscle mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-8, IL-15, and TNF-alpha] in postmenopausal women after a high-intensity resistance exercise bout. Fourteen postmenopausal women were divided into two groups: women not using HT (control; n = 6, 59 +/- 4 yr, 63 +/- 17 kg) and women using traditional HT (HT; n = 8, 59 +/- 4 yr, 89 +/- 24 kg). Both groups performed 10 sets of 10 maximal eccentric repetitions of single-leg extension on the Cybex dynamometer at 60 degrees /s with 20-s rest periods between sets. Muscle biopsies of the vastus lateralis were obtained from the exercised leg at baseline and 4 h after the exercise bout. Gene expression was determined by RT-PCR for IL-6, IL-8, IL-15, and TNF-alpha. Blood draws were performed at baseline and 3 days after exercise to measure CK and LDH. Independent t-tests were performed to test group differences (control vs. HT). A probability level of P <or= 0.05 was used to determine statistical significance. We observed significantly greater changes in mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-8, IL-15, and TNF-alpha (P <or= 0.01) in the control group compared with the HT group after the exercise bout. CK and LDH levels were significantly greater after exercise (P <or= 0.01) in the control group. Postmenopausal women not using HT experienced greater muscle damage after maximal eccentric exercise, indicating a possible protective effect of HT against exercise-induced skeletal muscle damage.
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PMID:Hormone therapy attenuates exercise-induced skeletal muscle damage in postmenopausal women. 1957 6


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