Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P10145 (IL-8)
 23,849 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Urine and serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 were determined in 43 women with acute pyelonephritis caused by Escherichia coli. Urine and serum samples were also collected 2 weeks after the infection and during a subsequent episode of cystitis (n = 8) or asymptomatic bacteriuria (n = 8). Concentrations of IL-6 and IL-8 were related to the expression of 5 virulence markers of E. coli and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) after pyelonephritis. Patients with acute pyelonephritis had elevated urine and serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels as compared to 37 healthy women (IL-6: p < 0.001 in both cases, and IL-8: p < 0.001 in both cases). Patients infected with E. coli producing hemolysin and/or cytotoxic necrotizing factor (CNF) had significantly higher IL-6 levels in serum during acute pyelonephritis as compared to patients infected with strains without the ability to produce these factors (p = 0.0025 and p = 0.0154, respectively). Patients who had high concentrations of IL-8 in urine during acute pyelonephritis had lower GFR at follow-up as compared to patients with lower levels of IL-8 in urine (r = -0.48, p = 0.0123). In conclusion, acute pyelonephritis is accompanied by elevated urinary and serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels. Bacteria producing hemolysin and CNF seem to induce higher concentrations of IL-6 in serum. The secretion of IL-8 from renal cells may participate in the initiation and maintenance of renal inflammation which in turn may influence renal function.
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PMID:Interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 in serum and urine in patients with acute pyelonephritis in relation to bacterial-virulence-associated traits and renal function. 791 3

Urine and serum interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 responses were higher in children with febrile urinary tract infection (n = 61) than in those with asymptomatic bacteriuria (n = 39). By univariate analysis, cytokine levels were related to age, sex, reflux, renal scarring, urine leukocytes, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and bacterial properties (P fimbriae but not hemolysin). Multivariate modeling showed that urine IL-6 responses were higher in girls than boys, increased with age, and were positively associated with CRP, ESR, serum IL-6, and urine leukocyte counts. The urine IL-8 response was not influenced by age, but it was influenced by P fimbriae and was associated with ESR, CRP, urine leukocytes, and female sex. The results show that cytokine responses to urinary tract infection vary with the severity of infection and that cytokine activation is influenced by a variety of host and bacterial variables.
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PMID:Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in children with febrile urinary tract infection and asymptomatic bacteriuria. 889 12

Neutrophil accumulation in the graft kidney is a feature of cellular rejection and bacterial infection. The cellular infiltration is mediated by the local production of chemoattractant factors. The aim of the study was to analyze levels of IL-8 in renal graft recipients during and after episodes of acute renal rejection and urinary tract infection (UTI). A total of 50 renal graft recipients, including 10 with acute graft rejection (Group I) and 20 with UTI (Group II) were studied. Urine and serum levels of IL-8 were determined in patients of Group I before and after 7 days of antirejection therapy and in patients of Group II before and after 2 weeks of antimicrobial therapy. Results were compared with group of 20 patients with stable renal function and a group of 25 healthy people. IL-8 was determined by ELISA technique. The level of IL-8 in urine (uIL-8) was elevated in patients with acute graft rejection and uIL-8 decreased after antirejection treatment (772 +/- 241 pg/mg cr. vs 140 +/- 50 pg/mg cr.; p < 0.01). In 13 patients UTI was asymptomatic and 6 patients had an acute pyelonephritis. The level of uIL-8 was elevated in all patients with UTI and decreased after antimicrobial therapy. Levels of uIL-8 during acute pyelonephritis were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than in patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria (2582 +/- 950 pg/mg cr. vs 804 +/- 225 pg/mg cr.) Urine levels of IL-8 were lower in patients infected by Gram-positive Cocci as compared to patients infected by Gram-negative organisms. Patients with higher concentrations of serum creatinine during UTI had high urine levels of IL-8. Serum levels of IL-8 in patients of Group I and Group II were comparable with patients with stable graft function although they were higher than in control group. Elevated urinary secretion of IL-8 in acute rejection and UTI suggests a role of IL-8-neutrophiles system in in the pathogenesis in both inflammatory complications after kidney transplantation. Urine level of IL-8 was correlated with clinical symptoms of UTI.
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PMID:[Monitoring of interleukin-8 in urine and in serum of patients after kidney transplantation]. 1021 70

The urines from 43 asymptomatic children with spina bifida were examined. Eighty-one percent were abnormal because of bacteriuria and pyuria (51%), bacteriuria alone (26%) or pyuria alone (5%). Interleukin-8 was elevated in 54% of the abnormal urines. The presence of pyuria and interleukin 8 suggests that the asymptomatic bacteriuria reflects low grade infection rather than colonization.
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PMID:Urinary findings in asymptomatic subjects with spina bifida treated with intermittent catheterization. 1141 15

This study investigated the role of P fimbriae in colonization of Escherichia coli, host response, and bacterial persistence in humans. Human volunteers were inoculated intravesically with the nonadherent ABU isolate E. coli 83972 and with P fimbriated transformants of the same strain. During the following 24 h all urine samples, and thereafter daily samples, were collected for urine culture, analysis of neutrophil numbers, and cytokine concentrations (IL-6 and IL-8). The P fimbriated transformants showed enhanced bacterial colonization in comparison to E. coli 83972 and lowered the bacterial numbers needed for persistent bacteriuria. The P fimbriated transformants also lowered the bacterial numbers needed for a significant neutrophil and cytokine host response. We conclude that P fimbriae enhance bacterial colonization and trigger the host response in the human urinary tract.
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PMID:[Effect of P fimbriae on pyuria and bacterial colonization of the human urinary tract]. 1260 92

Bacterial adhesion to the bladder mucosa is a critical step for the establishment of Escherichia coli bacteriuria. The P-fimbriae, encoded by the pap gene cluster, are considered as virulence factors but the mechanisms have been debated. This study defined the roles for P fimbriation during the early colonization of the human urinary tract. Patients with recurrent UTI were first subjected to deliberate colonization with the non-fimbriated ABU strain E. coli 83972. Bacteriuria was established long term (1-4 years) in patients with dysfunctional bladders, but not in the patients with normal bladder function. Super-infections were transient and asymptomatic. P fimbriated transformants of the ABU strain (E. coli 83972pap+/prs+) reached 105 CFU/ml more rapidly than E. coli 83972 and the vector control. This was demonstrated by group wise and intra-individual analysis in patients colonized on different occasions with E. coli 83972 or the P fimbriated transformants. Higher neutrophil numbers and IL-8 and IL-6 concentrations in urine were obtained after colonization with the P fimbriated transformants. These results demonstrated that transformation of E. coli 83972 with the pap sequences is sufficient to convert it to a more potent host response inducer. The P fimbriae were shown to lower the significant bacteriuria threshold. The P fimbriated transformants needed lower bacterial numbers (103-4 CFU/ml) to predict a positive second urine culture with a >80% accuracy and to trigger a significant host response. These studies show that P fimbriae fulfil the Koch Henles molecular postulates for bacterial establishment and host response induction in the human urinary tract.
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PMID:The role of P fimbriae for Escherichia coli establishment and mucosal inflammation in the human urinary tract. 1213 44

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common post-transplant infection in renal transplant recipients. The relationship of plasma and urine cytokines with UTI after kidney transplantation has not yet been delineated and literature reports on cytokine and UTI are rare. In a retrospective study, we compared post-transplant plasma and urine cytokine levels of 132 outpatient renal transplant recipients with or without UTI. Soluble interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (sIL-1RA), IL-2, sIL-2R, IL-3, IL-4, IL-6, sIL-6R, IL-8, IL-10, transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-beta2), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels were determined using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. We found gender-related urine cytokine patterns. Anti-inflammatory sIL-1RA was significantly higher in females than in males and this gender-related difference was more pronounced in bacteriuric (P < 0.0001) than in nonbacteriuric (P = 0.001) patients. Urine proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 (P = 0.001) and IL-8 (P = 0.007) were significantly higher in male patients with bacteriuria than in males without bacteriuria and sIL-2R (P = 0.001) and sIL-6R (P = 0.03) were significantly higher in males with leukocyturia than in males without leukocyturia. Bacteriuria in males was associated with higher doses of immunosuppressive drugs (P = 0.02). Male renal transplant recipients with UTI have a strong inflammatory cytokine response with activation of IL-6, IL-8, sIL-2R and sIL-6R producing cells, whereas female patients with UTI block the inflammatory response to UTI by production of sIL-1RA.
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PMID:Strong inflammatory cytokine response in male and strong anti-inflammatory response in female kidney transplant recipients with urinary tract infection. 1569 Dec 70

It has been reported that urinary interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 levels are decreased in adult diabetic women with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) when compared with non-diabetic women with ASB. Such impaired cytokine excretion might play a role in the higher prevalence of ASB among diabetic subjects. The aim of this study was to examine the urinary IL profile in children and young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) with and without ASB. Midstream clean voiding urine samples were collected and cultured from 133 patients with T1DM (age: 15.6 +/- 5.7 yr) and 178 controls (14.1 +/- 4.7 yr) for two consecutive days. ASB was diagnosed in the case of >or=10(5) bacteria/mL. The urinary IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations were determined, and the presence of leukocyturia was also recorded. The prevalence of ASB was 16.5% in diabetic subjects and 2.8% in controls (p = 0.001). There was no difference between the diabetic and the control groups in the prevalence of 'IL-6-uria' (21.9 vs. 18.0%; p = 0.41), but IL-8 was more frequently detectable in the diabetic group (47.4 vs. 27.5%; p = 0.001). In individuals with ASB, the IL-8 level was similar in the diabetic (median: 70.0 pg/mg creatinine) and control group (42.3 pg/mg creatinine; p = 0.8). Indeed, the IL-8 levels were higher in diabetic subjects with ASB as compared with those without it (70.0 vs. <3.1 pg/mg creatinine; p = 0.001), and there was a significant association between the urinary IL-8 concentration and the bacterial count (p = 0.001). Diabetic patients with leukocyturia had higher IL-8 concentration than those without it (20.9 vs. <3.1 pg/mg creatinine; p = 0.003). Weak significant correlation was found between urinary IL-8 and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (r = 0.4; p = 0.002). The sensitivity and specificity of leukocyturia were 50 and 89.9% in the whole population and those of IL-8 were 74.1 and 67.5%, respectively. In diabetic patients, 36.4% of the bacteriuria were gram-negative and 63.6% gram-positive. Our results suggest that diabetic children with ASB mount an IL-8 response to pathogens, which is comparable to non-diabetic children with bacteriuria. Thus, early in the natural history of diabetes, there are no significant changes in the IL response of children with ASB, as previously reported in adults.
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PMID:Urinary cytokine response to asymptomatic bacteriuria in type 1 diabetic children and young adults. 1678 22

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common sources of infection in children under 5. Rapid diagnosis is a need to avoid complications of UTI. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the use of urinary interleukin 8 (IL8) as a rapid laboratory method for diagnosis of UTI. A total of 116 children were included in the study. They were complaining of different diseases with pyuria. In addition twenty healthy children were included as control subjects. Urine samples were subjected to full chemical, cytological and bacteriological examinations. In addition, urinary IL8 was measured. Patients showed significantly elevated urine IL-8 levels (80-820 pg/ml) compared to control subjects (6-10 pg/ml) (p < 0.0001). There was significant correlation between interleukin 8 level and white blood cells counts in urine (p = 0.039). The mean +/- SD of urinary IL-8 was significantly increased 165.8 +/- 115.1 in urine with bacterial growth (Staphylococcus species and Escherichia coli) p < 0.001 than in urine without growth. Urine with Escherichia coli (E. coli) growth had significantly higher IL 8 level than growth with other types of organisms. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value had higher level for IL8 compared to other parameters in urine examination i.e., nitrite, WBCs and RBCs (85.7%, 60%, 64%, 87%, 64% respectively). This study highlights that bacteriuria is associated with higher level of urinary interleukin 8 than pyuria without bacteriuria. Thus from this study we can conclude that IL8 can be used as rapid surrogate marker for rapid laboratory diagnosis of urosepsis.
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PMID:Interleukin 8 is a surrogate marker for rapid diagnosis of bacteriuria. 1882 Dec 16

The susceptibility to urinary tract infection (UTI) is controlled by the innate immune response and Toll like receptors (TLRs) are the sentinels of this response. If productive, TLR4 signalling may initiate the symptomatic disease process. In the absence of TLR4 signalling the infected host instead develops an asymptomatic carrier state. The activation of mucosal TLR4 is also influenced by the properties of the infecting strain, and pathogens use their virulence factors to trigger 'pathogen-specific' TLR4 responses in the urinary tract but do not respond to the asymptomatic carrier strains in patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU). The TLR4 dependence has been demonstrated in mice and the relevance of low TLR4 function for protection for human disease was recently confirmed in children with asymptomatic bacteriuria, who expressed less TLR4 than age matched controls. Functional chemokines and functional chemokine receptors are crucial for neutrophil recruitment, and for the neutrophil dependent bacterial clearance. Interleukin (IL)-8 receptor deficient mice develop acute septic infections and chronic tissue damage, due to aberrant neutrophil function. This mechanism is relevant for human UTI as pyelonephritis prone children express low levels of the human CXCL8 (Il-8) receptor, CXC chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1) and often have heterozygous CXCR1 polymorphisms. This review illustrates how intimately the innate response and the susceptibility to UTI are linked and sophisticated recognition mechanisms that rely on microbial virulence and on host TLR4 and CXCR1 signalling.
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PMID:TLR- and CXCR1-dependent innate immunity: insights into the genetics of urinary tract infections. 1882 77


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