Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P08908 (5-HT1A)
 5,574 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cocaine potently inhibits the spontaneous activity of dorsal raphe serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT] neurons which possess impulse-modulating receptors of the 5-HT1A subtype. In an investigation of the neuropharmacologic mechanisms underlying this electrophysiologic effect, we have compared cocaine with structurally and functionally similar compounds, attempted to reverse cocaine-induced suppression of 5-HT dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) neuronal activity, and assessed the effects of 5-HT depletion on the response to cocaine. Extracellular recordings in chloral hydrate-anesthetized rats were obtained using single-unit recording techniques; drugs were infused intravenously IV) in a cumulative dose manner. The active isomer (-)-cocaine (ID50 = 0.5 +/- 0.15 mg/kg) and the phenyltropane analogue WIN 35428 (ID50 = 0.17 +/- 0.03 mg/kg) that share the ability of cocaine to block monoamine uptake also inhibit impulse activity in 5-HT neurons. In contrast, the inactive isomers (+)-cocaine, (+)-pseudococaine and the metabolite benzoylecgonine do not exhibit the same range of potency (maximal 20% to 30% inhibition at a cumulative dose of 8 to 16 mg/kg). A selective inhibitor of uptake for 5-HT (fluoxetine; ID50 = 1.8 +/- 0.5 mg/kg), but not norepinephrine (desipramine) or dopamine (GBR 12909), mimicked cocaine, as did the monoamine releaser amphetamine (ID50 = 2.86 +/- 0.46 mg/kg). The putative 5-HT1A autoreceptor antagonist spiperone reversed the cocaine-induced depression of firing rate in 64% of 5-HT neurons tested whereas receptor antagonists for dopamine D2 (haloperidol), 5-HT2 (ketanserin), gamma-aminobutyric acid (picrotoxin) and 5-HT1/beta-adrenergic (propranolol) were ineffective. Following treatment with the 5-HT synthesis inhibitor p-chlorophenylalanine (100 mg/kg/day of the base for 3 days), impulse depression induced by cocaine was significantly attenuated as compared to control, which suggests that the effects of cocaine may be dependent on endogenous 5-HT stores. In summary, these findings support the hypothesis that the inhibitory effects of cocaine on 5-HT DRN neurons are mediated by increased 5-HT available for interaction with 5-HT1A impulse-regulating autoreceptors in the DRN, as a consequence of cocaine-induced blockade of 5-HT reuptake processes. Further studies are required to clarify the relative contribution of cocaine-5-HT interactions to the behavioral and physiologic effects of this psychostimulant.
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PMID:The interaction of cocaine with serotonin dorsal raphe neurons. Single-unit extracellular recording studies. 213 98

Previously we have shown that cocaine attenuates the 5-HT2A receptor-mediated head-twitch response (HTR) in mice produced by the 5-HT2A/C direct agonist (+/-)-1 (2.5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI). This inhibition appears to be due to cocaine-induced indirect stimulation of the inhibitory serotonergic 5-HT1A and noradrenergic alpha 2 receptors via the inhibition of reuptake of synaptic serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE), respectively. In the present study, we investigated the effects of cocaine, its phenyltropane analogue WIN 35428, and the selective 5-HT (sertraline). NE (nisoxetine) and dopamine (DA) (GBR 12935) reuptake inhibitors on the 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP)-induced HTR. We utilized two experimental protocols where cocaine or the cited drugs were administered either after (protocol 1) or prior (protocol 2) to 5-HTP injection. Cocaine in both protocols produced a dose-dependent enhancement in the 5-HTP-induced HTR (ED50 4.68 +/- 1.21 and 3.55 +/- 1.31, respectively). Sertraline was more potent (ED50 2.64 +/- 1.1 and 2.1 +/- 1.54, respectively) in enhancing the induced behavior and dose by dose produced greater (3 to 10 times) HTRs than cocaine. On the other hand, nisoxetine dose dependently and completely attenuated the induced behavior (ID50 3.33 +/- 1.32 and 1.72 +/- 1.34, respectively), whereas GBR 12935 only at high doses (ID50 15.34 +/- 1.52 and 11.91 +/- 1.3, respectively) decreased the induced response. The inability of cocaine to induce as many HTRs as sertraline appears to lie in its ability to also indirectly stimulate the inhibitory 5-HT1A and alpha 2 receptors because the stimulant caused greater enhancement in the 5-HTP-induced HTRs in the presence of their corresponding antagonists [S(-)-UH 301 and yohimbine, respectively]. WIN 35428 was more potent (ED50 2.87 +/- 1.3 and 1.79 +/- 1.1 for protocols 1 and 2, respectively) in stimulating the 5-HTP-induced HTR and produced a bell-shaped dose-response curve. The results indicate that cocaine enhances the 5-HTP-induced HTR via the inhibition of synaptic 5-HT reuptake. The stimulant also simultaneously attenuates the induced behavior by indirect simulation of the serotonergic 5-HT1A and noradrenergic alpha 2 receptors via inhibition of reuptake of the corresponding monoamines.
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PMID:The stimulatory and inhibitory components of cocaine's actions on the 5-HTP-induced 5-HT2A receptor response. 895 80

Substance P antagonists have been proposed to be a new class of antidepressants. The present study aimed to determine the effect of the selective non-peptide rat neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonists WIN 51,708 and CP-96,345 on the firing activity of rat dorsal raphe serotonin (5-HT) and locus coeruleus noradrenaline (NA) neurons. While WIN51,708 (2mg/kg, i.v.) and CP-96,345 (0.15 mg/kg, i.v.) did not modify the firing activity of 5-HT and NA neurons, both antagonists attenuated the suppressant effect of the alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine on the firing activity of both types of neurons. In contrast, the responsiveness of 5-HT neurons to the i.v. administration of the 5-HT autoreceptor agonist LSD and the 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT remained unchanged. These findings suggest that NK1 receptor antagonists affect markedly the NA system via an attenuation of the function of alpha2-adrenoceptors on the cell body of NA neurons and, consequently, may also modulate 5-HT neurotransmission.
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PMID:Effect of neurokinin-I receptor antagonists on the function of 5-HT and noradrenaline neurons. 1081 15

Brain monoamines are involved in many neurochemical and behavioral effects of cannabinoids, but little is known on the regulation of noradrenaline, dopamine, and serotonin (5-HT) synthesis in cannabinoid addiction. This study investigated in rat brain the chronic effects of the potent cannabinoid agonist WIN 55,212-2 and of rimonabant-precipitated withdrawal, as well as the sensitivity of synthesis-modulating inhibitory receptors, on the accumulation of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) and 5-HTP after decarboxylase inhibition. Acute WIN (8 mg/kg; 1 h) increased DOPA synthesis in cortex (52%), hippocampus (51%), and cerebellum (56%) and decreased DOPA accumulation in striatum (31%). Acute WIN also decreased the synthesis of 5-HTP in all brain regions (40-53%). Chronic WIN (2-8 mg/kg; 5 days) and/or antagonist-precipitated withdrawal induced tolerance to the acute effects of WIN on the accumulation of DOPA (cortex and striatum) and 5-HTP (all brain regions). The inhibitory effect of clonidine (alpha2-agonist; 1 mg/kg) on the accumulation of DOPA (15-41%) and 5-HTP (22-41%) was markedly decreased or abolished after chronic WIN and precipitated withdrawal, mainly in noradrenergic and serotonergic brain regions, which indicated desensitization of alpha2-autoreceptors and alpha2-heteroreceptors regulating the synthesis of noradrenaline and 5-HT. In WIN-dependent rats (chronic and withdrawal states), the effect of a low dose of (+/-)-8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)-tetralin (5-HT1A agonist; 0.1 mg/kg) on the accumulation of precursor amino acids was markedly potentiated in cerebellum and striatum, indicating the induction of supersensitivity of 5-HT1A-autoreceptors and 5-HT1A-heteroreceptors that regulate the synthesis of 5-HT, noradrenaline, and dopamine in these brain regions. These chronic adaptations in presynaptic receptor function could play a relevant role in cannabinoid addiction.
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PMID:Chronic treatment and withdrawal of the cannabinoid agonist WIN 55,212-2 modulate the sensitivity of presynaptic receptors involved in the regulation of monoamine syntheses in rat brain. 1870 57