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Query: UNIPROT:P06889 (Mol)
 630,302 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pirfenidone (Pf), a new broad-spectrum anti-fibrotic agent, is known to offer protection against lung fibrosis in vivo in laboratory animals, and against mitogenesis and collagen formation by human lung fibroblasts in vitro. Because reactive oxygen species are thought to be involved in these events, we investigated the mechanism(s) by which Pf ameliorates oxidative stress and its effects on NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation. Pf has been shown to cause inhibit NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation in sheep liver microsomes in a dose-dependent manner. The concentration of Pf required to cause 50% inhibition of lipid peroxidation was approximately 6 mM. Pf was found to be ineffective as a superoxide radical scavenger. Pf was also ineffective in decomposing H2O2 and chelating iron. In deoxyribose degradation assays, Pf was a potent scavenger of hydroxyl radicals with a rate constant of 5.4 x 10(9) M(-1) sec(-1). EPR spectroscopy in combination with spin trapping techniques, using a Fenton type reaction and DMPO as a spin-trapping agent, Pf scavenged hydroxyl radicals in a dose-dependent manner. The concentration of Pf required to inhibit 50% signal height was approximately 2.5 mM. Because iron was used in the Fenton reaction, the ability of Pf in chelating iron was verified in a fluorescent competitive assay using calcein as the fluorescent probe. Pf up to 10 mM concentration was ineffective in chelating either Fe2+ or Fe3+ in this system. We propose that Pf exerts its beneficial effects, at least in part, through its ability to scavenge toxic hydroxyl radicals.
Mol Cell Biochem 2000 Jan
PMID:Pirfenidone inhibits NADPH-dependent microsomal lipid peroxidation and scavenges hydroxyl radicals. 1071 32

Echo-detected (ED) EPR spectra of nitroxide spin probes dissolved in glassy materials provide evidence that guest molecules in these media undergo fast librational motion. Theory of spin relaxation of a librating molecule is presented. The mean squared amplitude, <alpha2>, of this motion which can be derived from continuous wave (CW) EPR spectral splitting is found to depend linearly on temperature in the low temperature region. This may be ascribed to thermal harmonic vibrations. The slope of the linear dependence varies from glass to glass and seems to correlate with the strength of the intermolecular bonds and with a degree of the fragility of the glass. Above the glass transition temperature <alpha2> increases sharply. Different applications are discussed: study of molecular properties of glass, intracellular glass formation in plant tissues, structural investigations.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2000 Feb 01
PMID:Libration motion of guest spin probe molecules in organic glasses: CW EPR and electron spin echo study. 1072 41

A new approach to the theory of the EPR of spin correlated radical pairs (SCRP) is formulated. It is based on spectral exchange methods as applied to the two-site model and takes into account explicitly both the motion of one quantum (transverse magnetization) and two quantum coherences (polarizations) of SCRPs. This innovation allows for the interpretation of anti phase structure (APS) spectral shape asymmetry and for the transformation of the initially created ST0RPM polarization into the APS spectral pattern. The results of this method as applied to micellized spin correlated radical pairs have been compared with the exact numerical solution of the corresponding stochastic Liouville equation and is commented on.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2000 Feb 01
PMID:Time resolved electron spin resonance of spin correlated micelle confined radical pairs: shape of the anti-phase structure. 1072 43

Simulation of magnetic resonance spectra of probes in partially ordered glasses requires in principle a numerical integration on the full set of three Euler angles omega=(alpha beta gamma) from a laboratory fixed to a molecule fixed reference frame. It is shown that it is possible to manage efficiently this problem by using the algebraic properties of the Wigner matrix elements. This analysis is applied to time resolved EPR (TREPR) spectra of a series of bis-adducts of C60 in the ordered glass of a nematic liquid crystal solvent. A paramagnetic triplet state is created by light excitation and TREPR spectra are obtained with the external magnetic field set parallel or perpendicular to the director n of the mesophase. The preferred orientation in the mesophase of the triplet state zero field tensor is determined.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2000 Feb 01
PMID:Simulation of EPR and time resolved EPR lineshapes in partially ordered glasses. 1072 44

EPR linewidth measurements of PD-Tempone in toluene at 1 (L-Band), 4 (S-Band), 9 (X-Band) and 34 GHz (Q-Band) microwave frequencies indicate the presence of a distribution of relaxation times. The empirical response parameter introduced by Cole-Davidson for the analysis of dielectric relaxation in liquids has been used for the analysis of EPR relaxation data in the low frequency region. The Cole-Davidson parameter can assume values in the range 0 < beta < or = 1. When beta = 1, one obtains the Debye-type spectral density. The calculated linewidth data at 1 GHz agrees with a Cole-Davidson distribution function with a width parameter 0.83 +/- 0.04 for a spherical solute. Beta < 1 at L-band suggests the presence of an asymmetrical distribution of relaxation times associated with different modes of relaxation mechanisms or internal molecular motions. This study shows EPR experiments at low microwave frequencies are more sensitive to the shape of the correlation function.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2000 Feb 01
PMID:Frequency dependent study of the correlation functions in EPR spectroscopy--the Cole-Davidson approach 1. Perdeuterated 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone N-oxide in toluene. 1072 45

Two samples of composition La0.9M0.1CoO3 (M = Sr, Ce) have been compared as catalysts for the flameless combustion of methane. The former showed a lower activity than the latter and this difference was enhanced at lower temperature. Aiming at understanding the origin of this behaviour, EPR analysis was carried out at temperatures down to 100 K. At T < 245 K a zero-field intense feature appeared with the M = Sr sample only, characterized by opposite phase with respect to the g approximately 2 line. This zero-field line was attributed to microwave absorption by spin glass formed by cobalt- and oxygen-based paramagnetic ions. The tendency to strong interaction among these species could also be a reason of the low oxygen availability for the catalytic methane oxidation at higher temperature.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2000 Feb 01
PMID:Spin glass formation in La0.9Sr0.1CoO3 catalyst for flameless combustion of methane. 1072 47

The photochemical reactions of bis(diethyl-diselenocarbamato)copper(II), Cu(Et2dsc)2, complex have been studied in toluene, CH2Cl2, CHCl3 and chloroalkane/EtOH mixed solvents. Charge-transfer irradiation induces intramolecular oxidation of the ligand and reduction of copper(II) to copper(I) as evidenced by EPR and UV-Vis spectra of the complex as well as quantum yield results. When photolysis is carried out in CHCl3 or CH2Cl2 or in the solvent mixture CHCl3/EtOH resp. CH2Cl2/EtOH of lower than 1:1 EtOH content, the primary photoproduct CuI(Et2dsc) is further oxidised in a dark reaction with the chloroalkane producing the corresponding paramagnetic mixed-ligand CuII(Et2dsc)Cl complex in equilibrium with its chloride-bridged and EPR silent, dimeric form Cu2(Et2dsc)2Cl2. At low concentration of EtOH the equilibrium is shifted to the dimeric form whereas at higher than 1:1 EtOH content in the mixed solvent CHCl3/EtOH it is shifted to CuII(Et2dsc)Cl. A reaction mechanism is proposed and the role of ethanol is discussed.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2000 Feb 01
PMID:Charge-transfer photochemistry of bis(diethyl-diselenocarbamato)copper(II). 1072 52

Quantitative EPR method was applied to characterise four types of humic acids (HA) derived from composts, soil, peat and soft brown coal. For each sample of HA the level of native (indigenous) radicals was estimated. Interactions of the HA with various gaseous agents and organic solvents were investigated. Strong effects of gaseous ammonia and aliphatic amines on spin concentration enhancement were observed; additionally, higher values of g-value were found to be associated with the formed 'transient' radicals. Correlation of copper(II) ions uptake by different HA with effect diminishing primary spin concentration was established. It was recognised that the radical centres, which are enhanced by 'ammonia effect' are quenched in the formed HA-Cu(II) complexes. The both opposite effects are competitive from each other, where 'copper(II) quenching effect' prevails. Reaction of nitrogen dioxide with the humic acids was also examined. The presence of diketones and/or other compounds with active methylene group results in formation of the iminoxy radicals; these radicals are immobilized in the solid (macromolecular) matrix of the humic acids.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2000 Feb 01
PMID:Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies on stable and transient radicals in humic acids from compost, soil, peat and brown coal. 1072 56

The electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy is the only method for detecting free radicals. Free radicals have an increased importance in our daily life. A small transportable EPR spectrometer is presented for the popularisation of the EPR method. The technical construction and some applications are illustrated which show the usability of the spectrometer.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2000 Feb 01
PMID:Electron paramagnetic resonance for everybody--MICROspec-X--a new class of electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometer. 1072 60

The small heat-shock proteins (sHSPs) form a diverse family of proteins that are produced in all organisms. They function as chaperone-like proteins in that they bind unfolded polypeptides and prevent uncontrolled protein aggregation. Here, we present parallel cryo-electron microscopy studies of five different sHSP assemblies: Methanococcus jannaschii HSP16.5, human alphaB-crystallin, human HSP27, bovine native alpha-crystallin, and the complex of alphaB-crystallin and unfolded alpha-lactalbumin. Gel-filtration chromatography indicated that HSP16.5 is the most monodisperse, while HSP27 and the alpha-crystallin assemblies are more polydisperse. Particle images revealed a similar trend showing mostly regular and symmetric assemblies for HSP16.5 particles and the most irregular assemblies with a wide range of diameters for HSP27. A symmetry test on the particle images indicated stronger octahedral symmetry for HSP16.5 than for HSP27 or the alpha-crystallin assemblies. A single particle reconstruction of HSP16.5, based on 5772 particle images with imposed octahedral symmetry, resulted in a structure that closely matched the crystal structure. In addition, the cryo-EM reconstruction revealed internal density presumably corresponding to the flexible 32 N-terminal residues that were not observed in the crystal structure. The N termini were found to partially fill the central cavity making it unlikely that HSP16.5 sequesters denatured proteins in the cavity. A reconstruction calculated without imposed symmetry confirmed the presence of at least loose octahedral symmetry for HSP16.5 in contrast to the other sHSPs examined, which displayed no clear overall symmetry. Asymmetric reconstructions for the alpha-crystallin assemblies, with an additional mass selection step during image processing, resulted in lower resolution structures. We interpret the alpha-crystallin reconstructions to be average representations of variable assemblies and suggest that the resolutions achieved indicate the degree of variability. Quaternary structural information derived from cryo-electron microscopy is related to recent EPR studies of the alpha-crystallin domain fold and dimer interface of alphaA-crystallin.
J Mol Biol 2000 Apr 28
PMID:Small heat-shock protein structures reveal a continuum from symmetric to variable assemblies. 1076 95


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