Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P06889 (Mol)
 630,302 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mitochondrial DNA sequences were used to reconstruct the phylogeny of the Penaeus s.l. genus of marine shrimp. This phylogeny was used to test the validity of hypotheses on the species groupings, in particular the subgenus/genus subdivision, and on the species' evolutionary history. Newly derived sequences of both 16S rRNA and COI genes from 19 species of Penaeus s.l. and one outgroup were combined with previous sequences from seven additional species to allow analysis of 26 of the 28 recognised (or nominated) species. Phylogenetic analyses do not support the validity of all the previously created six subgenera (or genera) but provide evidence for division of the genus into two previously unrecognised clades (Melicertus+Marsupenaeus and Penaeus s.s.+Fenneropenaeus+Farfantepenaeus+Litopenaeus). A key conclusion from a previous molecular study, that the subgenera Farfantepenaeus and Litopenaeus are paraphyletic, was rejected. The molecular data support an Indo-West Pacific origin of the genus, with a single relatively recent colonisation of the Western Hemisphere, and subsequent subdivision into two clades prior to the emergence of the Panamanian isthmus.
Mol Phylogenet Evol 2004 Apr
PMID:Phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of the shrimp genus Penaeus s.l. derived from mitochondrial DNA. 1501 7

Using partial DNA sequence data from nuclear 28S and 18S genes and mitochondrial 16S and COI genes, we reconstructed a phylogeny of the family Eurytomidae. Both maximum parsimony and Bayesian methods were employed. The analysis revealed a significant incongruence between the mitochondrial genes and the nuclear genes, and we chose the results from the nuclear genes as our preferred hypothesis. Our phylogeny suggested that the family Eurytomidae is not a monophyletic group; neither are the genera Eurytoma and Bruchophagus. The monophyly of genera Sycophila and Plutarchia was well supported, as was the close association of the genera Aiolomorphus, Tenuipetiolus, Bephratelloides, and Phylloxeroxenus. Our phylogeny also revealed an anticipated pattern, in which species groups from the genera Eurytoma and Bruchophagus are often more closely related to other small genera than to other species groups of the same genus. Subsequent taxonomic revisions include elevating the subfamily Rileyinae to a family status and the divisions of the genera Eurytoma and Bruchophagus.
Mol Phylogenet Evol 2004 Apr
PMID:A molecular phylogeny of eurytomid wasps inferred from DNA sequence data of 28S, 18S, 16S, and COI genes. 1501 26

I investigated the phylogenetic relationships within the New World Blepharida and among related genera, using sequences of the Internal Transcriber Spacer 2 (ITS2) of nuclear ribosomal DNA and sequences of the COI and COII genes of the mitochondrial genome. Cladistic analyses were performed using parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian methods. These methods generated almost identical topologies using the combined data sets. The analyses suggest that Blepharida rhois, the type species, should be separated from the New World Blepharida and that the New World Blepharida might be congeneric with closely related Notozona. Also, according to this phylogeny, all of the New World Blepharida species that feed on Bursera (Burseraceae) form a single monophyletic clade, with the Afrotropical species forming its sister clade. The analyses also identified four main groups of species within the New World Blepharida.
Mol Phylogenet Evol 2004 Jan
PMID:Molecular systematics of Blepharida beetles (Chrysomelidae: Alticinae) and relatives. 1502 62

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences of the COI gene and the control region were used to examine the genetic population structure of Aglais urticae L. (Lepidoptera) over its entire geographic range, i.e., the Palaearctic. The phylogenetic relationships within and between A. urticae subspecies were determined and patterns of mtDNA divergence and ecological differentiation were compared. High gene flow together with a recent and sudden population expansion characterise the genetic population structure of this species. No geographically induced differentiation was observed, nor were subspecies identified as separate evolutionary units. The discrepancy between the genetic and ecological variation is most likely due to the slower rate of mtDNA evolution compared to ecological differentiation. The control region proved to be a less useful molecular marker for the population genetics and the phylogenetic reconstruction of closely related taxa in A. urticae than it has for other species. The extreme bias in adenine and thymine content (A+T=90.91%) probably renders this region highly susceptible to homoplasy, resulting in a less informative molecular marker.
Mol Phylogenet Evol 2004 May
PMID:Phylogeography of Aglais urticae (Lepidoptera) based on DNA sequences of the mitochondrial COI gene and control region. 1506 99

The water louse Asellus aquaticus is a widespread, euryoecious species, mostly uniform throughout its range. However, six subspecies are known from the Dinaric karst in the northwestern Balkans. They include some specialized subterranean populations. The pattern of genetic variation among subterranean and surface populations in this hydrographically highly fragmented karst region was investigated using a 653 bp fragment of the mitochondrial gene (COI). Sequencing of 168 individuals from 25 localities revealed 72 haplotypes. amova and methods of phylogenetic reconstruction all uncovered hydrographic structuring of genetic variation of the populations. Nested clade analysis pointed out several fragmentation events, along with some range expansions within hydrographical systems. By superimposing the subterranean mode of life on the phylogeographical pattern, three independent cave colonizations could be inferred within a distance of < 100 km. Caves were invaded after the ancestral surface populations became isolated through vicariant fragmentation. A possible scenario of hydrographic history of the region was constructed combining the molecular data with palaeogeographical information.
Mol Ecol 2004 Jun
PMID:Phylogeography of subterranean and surface populations of water lice Asellus aquaticus (Crustacea: Isopoda). 1514 95

The leaf beetle genus Trirhabda contains 26 described species from the United States and Canada, feeding on host plants from the families Asteraceae and Hydrophyllaceae. In this study, we present a phylogeny for the genus that was reconstructed from mitochondrial COI and 12S rRNA fragments, nuclear ITS2 rRNA, and morphological characters. Both parsimony and mixed-model Bayesian likelihood analyses were performed. Under both methods, the mitochondrial and nuclear partitions support the same backbone phylogeny, as do the combined data. The utility of the molecular data is contrasted with the low phylogenetic signal among morphological characters. The phylogeny was used to trace the evolution of the host-plant association in Trirhabda. The recovered phylogeny shows that although the host-plant association is phylogenetically conservative, Trirhabda experienced one shift to a distantly related host-plant family, 6 shifts between host-plant tribes, and 6 between genera within tribes. The phylogeny reveals that Trirhabda were plesiomorphically adapted to tolerate complex secondary compounds of its host plants and this adaptation is retained in Trirhabda species, as evidenced by multiple shifts from chemically simpler host plants back to the more complex host plants.
Mol Phylogenet Evol 2004 Jul
PMID:Phylogeny and host-plant association in the leaf beetle genus Trirhabda LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). 1518 20

One of the most striking characteristics of gall-forming insects is the variability in gall position, morphology, and complexity. Our knowledge of the driving forces behind the evolutionary divergence of gall types is limited. Natural enemies, competition, and behavioral constraints might be involved. We present a cladogram, based on sequences of COI and COII (1952bp), of mitochondrial DNA for the evolution of 14 species of gall-forming aphids (Fordinae). These insects induce five gall types with remarkable morphological variation on Pistacia spp. hosts. The parsimony cladogram divides the Fordinae into three lineages, Fordini and Baizongiini, and a third (new) sister group including the previously Fordini member, Smynthurodes betae (West). We then use ecological data to trace and explain the evolution of gall morphology. The aphids seem to have evolved gradually towards better ability to manipulate their host plant, induce stronger sinks, and gain higher reproductive success. We suggest that the ancestral gall type was a simple, open, "pea"-sized gall located on the leaflet midvein. Some Fordini and S. betae evolved a two-gall life cycle, inducing a new gall type on the leaflet margin. The Baizongiini improved the manipulation of their host by inducing larger galls near the midvein, with stronger sinks supporting thousands of aphids. Similar gall types are induced at similar sites on different Pistacia hosts suggesting control of the aphids on gall morphology and frequent host shifts. Thus, even extreme specialization (specific gall and host) is flexible.
Mol Phylogenet Evol 2004 Aug
PMID:The evolution of host plant manipulation by insects: molecular and ecological evidence from gall-forming aphids on Pistacia. 1522 33

The Korean freshwater Corbicula was surveyed genetically by sequencing 614-bp homologous fragment of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I subunit. Among a total of 127 individuals collected from 12 Korean freshwater localities we found only two COI haplotypes and these differed by a total of 9 base substitutions. Although the sequence divergence between the two haplotypes is moderate (p = 1.47%), placing the two mitotypic sequences in the context of Asian mtDNA phylogeny reveals that Korean freshwater Corbicula is comprised of two independent freshwater mitochondrial lineages. These results are in serious disagreement with the long-standing conclusions of earlier conchology-based taxonomic work on Korean Corbicula in which a number of species names (a minimum of 10 nominal species) have been used. This indicates that morphological characteristics alone are poor criteria for species-level identification in this group. In addition, our COI dataset shows that there is an extremely low level of genetic variation in Korean freshwater populations, suggesting that these populations have passed through a severe population bottleneck that greatly reduced their genetic variability. Our data also provide new information on the biogeographic distribution of Korean freshwater Corbicula. When haplotypic frequencies were compared, it was evident that the two Korean freshwater mitochondrial lineages have achieved very different distribution ranges: the predominant lineage (FWKR1) is widely distributed in Korean freshwater systems, whereas the minor lineage (FWKR2) is restricted to a relatively narrow range.
Mol Cells 2004 Jun 30
PMID:Two mitochondrial lineages in Korean freshwater Corbicula (Corbiculidae: bivalvia). 1523 14

In this study, we present a molecular phylogeny for the west Palaearctic Helicidae sensu lato based on sequence data from two mitochondrial (COI, 16S rDNA) and two nuclear (ITS-1, 18S rDNA) genes. Maximum likelihood analysis and Bayesian inference revealed well supported monophyletic clades partly conflicting traditional classifications. Based on these results, we propose the following system. The Western Palaearctic Helicidae s.l. consist of two families, Helicidae and Hygromiidae. Within the Helicidae, three well supported subfamilies can be recognised: the Helicinae, Ariantinae, and Helicodontinae. The Hygromiidae consist of three clades: the Hygromiinae, the Helicellinae, and a yet unnamed clade comprising the genera Sphincterochila and Cochlicella. We then used the phylogeny to study the evolution of anatomical, and ecological characters traditionally used for systematic classification. In the Helicidae s.l., two independent evolutionary transitions to life in xeric environments occurred, which allowed the occupation of new niches with a subsequent radiation of the Helicellinae-Cochlicella/Sphincterochila clade and the Helicinae. Whereas, the multiplication of the Glandulae mucosae is a synapomorphy of the Hygromiidae, the lovedart sac apparatus is present in all groups and thus, the trait cannot provide a synapomorphy for either families or subfamilies. Additionally, we evaluated the use of structural molecular genetic characters for taxonomic assessment. The presence of an unique loop region of the 16S rDNA gene and a short tandem repeat in the ITS-1 region provide independent evidence for the monophyly of these major two groups, and can be used for preliminary classification.
Mol Phylogenet Evol 2004 Sep
PMID:Molecular phylogeny and character evolution in the Western Palaearctic Helicidae s.l. (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). 1528 50

Nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial genes (ND1, ND2, COI, and tRNAs) were determined for 38 samples representing 15 taxa of tropidurid lizards from the Galapagos Islands and mainland South America. Phylogenetically informative characters (759 of 1,956) were analyzed under Bayesian, maximum likelihood, and parsimony frameworks. This study supports the hypothesis that tropidurid lizards dispersed to the Galapagos on at least two separate occasions. One dispersal event involved an eastern Galapagos clade (Microlophus habelii and M. bivittatus, on Marchena and San Cristobal islands, respectively) the sister taxon of which is M. occipitalis from coastal Ecuador and Peru; the closest mainland relative of the western Galapagos clade was not unambiguously identified. The wide-ranging M. albemarlensis is revealed to be a complex of weakly divergent lineages that is paraphyletic with respect to the insular species M. duncanensis, M. grayii, and M. pacificus.
Mol Phylogenet Evol 2004 Sep
PMID:Evolution of Galapagos Island Lava Lizards (Iguania: Tropiduridae: Microlophus). 1528 53


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10