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Query: UNIPROT:P06889 (Mol)
 630,302 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. Acute renal failure was induced in female Sprague-Dawley rats by the subcutaneous injection of glycerol. 2. Four groups of rats were studied; all animals received a glycerol challenge. Group A (control) were sham-operated only, group B received an infusion of sodium chloride solution (150 mmol/l; saline) for 24 h, group C received an infusion containing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2, 1.7 micronmol/l) in saline and group D a solution containing PGE2 (3.4 micronmol/l) in saline. 3. All rats were killed 48 h after glycerol challenge. The degree of renal impairment was assessed by serum creatinine concentration, which did not differ in sham-operated animals and the group receiving saline alone. The group of rats receiving the lower dose dose of PGE2 has a significantly lower mean serum creatinine concentration than the saline-infused control rats (P less than 0.0025). Creatinine concentration was further lowered by the higher dose of PGE2 but there was not a significant difference in the number of rats showing severe tubular necrosis histologically. 4. The study demonstrates that intravenous infusion of prostaglandin E2 has a protective influence on glycerol-induced renal failure in the rat; the protection afforded may be due to the vasodilator effect of PGE2 and/or an effect on glomerular permeability.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1978 Nov
PMID:Protective effect of prostaglandin [PGE2] and in glycerol-induced acute renal failure in rats. 72 5

1. Standard radioisotope dilution techniques employing [3H]water and [22Na]sodium chloride have been used to determine the total body water and total exchangeable sodium of 20 male and 10 female normal Ghanaians (Africans) aged 19--25 years. 2. Lean body mass and total body fat are calculated as a percentage of body weight; the total exchangeable sodium values have been expressed in relation to lean body mass. 3. Comparison of the data for Ghanaian subjects with published figures for Caucasian subjects of similar age shows that the Ghanaian men have much less total body fat and the women a little less total body fat than their Caucasian counterparts. 4. Total exchangeable sodium expressed in terms of lean body mass shows close agreement in both men and women.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1978 May
PMID:Total body water, total exchangeable sodium and related variables in the Ghanaian. 75 Jan 48

1. Experiments were carried out in dogs in which renal perfusion pressure was reduced 40 min before beginning expansion of the extracellular fluid space by 10% with isotonic sodium chloride solution. Sodium excretion increased up to 590% of control values in spite of the fact that the filtered load of sodium was below that of the control period and circulating mineralocorticoids were not suppressed. 2. The findings indicate that, in the dog, prior exposure of the kidney to the volume-expanded state is not a prerequisite for natriuresis to occur.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1978 May
PMID:Saline-induced natriuresis in the dog without prior exposure of the kidney to the physical effects of expansion of the extracellular fluid compartment. 75 Jan 54

1. Selected organ-ablation experiments were performed in dogs in an attempt to identify the source of the natriuretic hormone postulated to participate in the natriuresis of blood volume expansion. 2. An isolated dog kidney perfused with blood from the femoral artery of deoxycorticosterone-loaded dogs subjected to acute volume expansion with equilibrated blood served as the bioassay system for the natriuretic factor. Four groups were studied after the following procedures: group I, no ablation; group II, thyroparathyroidectomy; group III, hypophysectomy; group IV, adrenalectomy. 3. In all groups, the administration of equilibrated blood promoted a significant increase in sodium chloride excretion in the isolated kidney. The natriuresis was unrelated to changes in glomerular filtration rate, renal blood flow, renal arterial pressure, plasma protein concentration or packed cell volume. In the absence of volume expansion, sodium chloride excretion in the isolated kidney did not change or decreased. 4. These results argue against the thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal and pituitary glands as the source of natriuretic hormone.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1977 Apr
PMID:Failure of selected endocrine organ ablation to modify the natriuresis of blood volume expansion in the dog. 86 30

1. The intrarenal role of angiotensin II in controlling sodium excretion was examined in anaesthetized, dehydrated dogs by infusing the angiotensin II antagonist Sar1-Ile8-angiotensin II directly into the renal artery. Comparisons were made with dehydrated dogs receiving only sodium chloride solution intrarenally. 2. Intrarenal angiotensin II blockade resulted in significant increases in urinary sodium excretion and urine flow rate. 3. The results indicate that during the high-renin state of dehydration endogenous angiotensin II has intrarenal effects which lead to salt and water retention.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1977 May
PMID:Intrarenal role of angiotensin II in controlling sodium excretion during dehydration in dogs. 86 48

1. The effect on urate excretion of administration of probenecid and pyrazinamide was observed in normal subjects under control conditions and after induction of uricosuria by exogenous urate loading by ribonucleic acid feeding in seven subjects, by volume loading with hypertonic sodium chloride solution infusion in 11 subjects and by partial inhibition of net urate reabsorption with uricosuric drugs in 20 subjects. 2. After ribonucleic acid feeding, the uricosuric response to probenecid was intact and ribonucleic acid feeding did not produce uricosuria after pyrazinamide. 3. After volume loading, the uricosuric response to probenecid was again intact, but infusion of sodium chloride solution still produced uricosuria after pyrazinamide administration. 4. After uricosuric drugs, the uricosuric response to probenecid was diminished. 5. These responses to probenecid and pyrazinamide may reflect different mechanisms of uricosuria. Response to pharmacological inhibitors of urate reabsorption or urate secretion may be useful for classification of induced and clinical uricosuric states.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1977 Aug
PMID:Effect of pharmacological inhibitors on urate transport during induced uricosuria. 89 Nov 2

1. Twelve conscious, chronically instrumented dogs were subjected to rapid loading with sodium chloride solution (150 mmol/1; saline) before and 1 day after bilateral nephrectomy (six dogs) or ureterocaval anastomosis (six dogs). Measurements were performed up to 3 h after the fluid load and included cardiac output with an electromagnetic flowmeter, mean arterial pressure and right atrial pressure with chronically implanted catheters, interstitial fluid pressure with a plastic capsule, heart rate, extracellular fluid volume, erythrocyte volume, plasma volume, plasma protein concentration and other variables. 2. The increase in cardiac output in response to saline load was significantly prolonged in the anephric dogs compared with those with uretero-caval anastomosis; mean arterial pressure, right atrial pressure and heart-rate changes were similar in both groups. 3. Plasma volume appeared to increase more in the anephric dogs than in those with uretero-caval anastomosis during the first hour after the infusion, although conflicting results were obtained with different estimates of plasma volume changes. Interstitial fluid pressure increased significantly less in the anephric dogs in the early stages of the fluid load. 4. Effective vascular compliance (the ratio of the change in blood volume to the change in right atrial pressure) appeared increased in the anephric dogs. On the other hand, the change in cardiac output for a given change in right atrial pressure was found to increase after bilateral nephrectomy. 5. It is suggested that the prolonged increase in cardiac output observed in anephric dogs was not the consequence of preferential plasma volume expansion nor of decreased venous compliance, but may reflect an alteration in the cardiac function curve.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1976 Sep
PMID:Haemodynamics and body fluid volumes in response to fluid loading in conscious dogs: non-excretory renal influences. 96 54

1. The metabolic role of arterial angiotensin I-forming enzyme (i.e. renin activity) was studied in total homogenates and in subcellular fractions of the aorta of normotensive and hypertensive rats. 2. Angiotensin I-forming enzyme was measured in (a) uninephrectomized rats rendered hypertensive with D-aldosterone and sodium chloride (10 g/l drinking solution, (b) rats treated in the same manner but with the addition of spironolactone, and (c) control rats. 3. Hypertension developed in aldosterone-treated rats within 3-6 weeks and was associated with decreased plasma and renal renin values. Total aortic renin activity was up to sixfold higher in the hypertensive animals than in control animals and there was an increased ratio of supernatant to microsomal renin activity in the aorta. 4. In spironolactone-treated rats blood pressure and total aortic renin concentrations were comparable with those in the control rats. 5. The results support the hypothesis that renin generated at local vascular sites, which is independent of circulating renin levels, contributes to regulation of blood pressure.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1976 Dec
PMID:Effects of aldosterone and spironolactone on arterial renin in rats. 107 85

1. Bilateral compression of adrenal glands combined with unilateral nephrectomy and followed by imposition of a high sodium chloride intake caused severe hypertension in all rats, accompanied by enlargement of the heart, kidneys and adrenal glands, atrophy of the thymus and severe nephrosclerosis. 2. Digitoxin treatment delayed the onset, reduced the incidence and ameliorated the magnitude of the hypertensive response in such rats; it also reduced the degree of cardiac hypertrophy, the severity of nephrosclerosis and completely prevented enlargement of the adrenals and kidneys or atrophy of the thymus.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1976 Dec
PMID:Delayed onset and reduced severity of adrenal-compression hypertension in rats treated with digitoxin. 107 96

1. Oral administration of DL-alpha-tocopheryl nicotinate (EN) (0-04 or 0-2 mmol day-1 kg-1) or DL-alpha-tocopharyl acetate (EA) (0-2 mmol day-1 kh-1) delayed the progress of hypertension in unilaterally nephrectomized rats, which were treated with deoxycorticosterone and salt, and in genetically hypertensive rats (SHR) which were given sodium chloride solution. Suppression of body weight gain, incidence of pneumonia and mortality were reduced by treatment with EN or EA. 2. Severe hypertension in old SHR (9 months) further progressed, when drinking water was replaced by sodium chloride solution, and four out of ten of these animals died of cerebral haemorrhage during 4 weeks. The administration of EN or EA prevented the increase in blood pressure and incidence of stroke.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1976 Dec
PMID:Anti-hypertensive action of DL-alpha-tocopharyl esters in rats. 107 97


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