Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P06889 (Mol)
 630,302 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Crystals suitable for high resolution X-ray diffraction analysis have been grown of the 29,774-Da protein, xylanase (1,-4-beta-xylan xylanohydrolase EC 3.2.1.8) from the thermophilic fungus Thermoascus aurantiacus. This protein, an endoxylanase demonstrates the hydrolysis of beta-(1-4)-D-xylose linkage in xylans and crystallizes as monoclinic pinacoids in the presence of ammonium sulphate buffered at pH 6.5, and also with neutral polyethylene glycol 6000. The crystals belong to space group P2(1) and have cell dimensions, a = 41.2 A, b = 67.76 A, c = 51.8 A; beta = 113.2 degrees.
J Mol Biol 1993 Aug 05
PMID:Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of crystals of Thermoascus aurantiacus xylanase. 835 82

Two major endoxylanases, endo-beta-1,4-xylanase I and II (molecular mass 19 kDa and 21 kDa) from the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei have been crystallized by using ammonium sulphate as the precipitating agent. Both crystals were monoclinic and belonged to the space groups C2 (a = 71.9 A, b = 39.0 A, c = 59.9 A, beta = 118.0 degrees, for XYNI) and P2(1) (a = 81.6 A, b = 60.6 A, c = 38.3 A, beta = 94.4, for XYNII). The crystals diffract to at least 2.2 A and 1.5 A, respectively.
J Mol Biol 1993 Sep 20
PMID:Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of two major xylanases from Trichoderma reesei. 837 6

The gene, XYL1, encoding the major extracellular endo-beta 1,4-xylanase from the maize pathogen Cochliobolus carbonum was cloned using a synthetic, degenerate oligonucleotide based on a tryptic fragment from the purified enzyme. The deduced product of XYL1 has a M(r) of 20,869 and a predicted pI of 9.1, in good agreement with the measured M(r) and pI of the purified enzyme. The XYL1 product has strong amino acid identity to seven endo-beta 1,4-xylanases from six prokaryotes but no obvious similarity to 10 other prokaryotic endoxylanases or a yeast endoxylanase. An internal fragment of the gene was used to create a specific xylanase mutant by transformation-mediated gene disruption via homologous recombination. Total extracellular xylanase activity in the mutant was reduced by 85-94%. When analyzed by cation exchange HPLC, culture filtrates of the mutant and wild type had identical protein profiles, but the mutant lacked the major peak of UV absorption corresponding to the major xylanase activity. Xylanase II activity was also missing in the mutant, but xylanase III activity was still present. The XYL1 mutant grew as well as the wild type on sucrose, on corn cell walls, and on xylan. The pathogenicity of the mutant was indistinguishable from the wild type, indicating that XYL1 is not required for pathogenicity.
Mol Plant Microbe Interact
PMID:Cloning and targeted gene disruption of XYL1, a beta 1,4-xylanase gene from the maize pathogen Cochliobolus carbonum. 840 Mar 76

The catalytic domain of the xylan-degrading enzyme xylanase A, from Pseudomonas fluorescens subspecies cellulosa, has been expressed in Escherichia coli and crystallized. The crystals are well ordered and diffract to 1.8 A using X-rays generated at the Photon Factory in Japan. The crystals are orthorhombic, space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) with a = 95.7 A, b = 97.1 A and c = 149.8 A (all +/- 0.2 A). The similarity of the a and b cell edges, the intensity of the reflections along c* and the self rotation function results suggest a pseudo-tetragonal arrangement of molecules in the unit cell. There are probably four molecules in the asymmetric unit.
J Mol Biol 1993 Jan 05
PMID:Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of the catalytic domain of xylanase a from Pseudomonas fluorescens subspecies cellulosa. 842 6

An endo-xylanase was isolated from the culture of fungus Aspergillus oryzae variant D5. The purified enzyme had a molecular weight of 24,000 and the isoelectric point of 3.6. Xylanase crystals were obtained from a polyethylene glycol 6000 solution by the hanging-drop method. Seeding was used for the enlargement of the crystal size. Crystals belong to the monoclinic space group P2(1) with cell dimensions a = 54.9 A, b = 74.5 A, c = 50.8 A, and beta = 108.7 degrees. Crystals diffract beyond 2.5 A resolution.
J Mol Biol 1993 Mar 20
PMID:Crystals of beta-xylanase from Aspergillus oryzae. 846 71

A xylanase of M(r) 20,700 from the hyperproductive mutant D3 of the thermophillic Bacillus, strain XE has been purified and crystallized from 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol. The unit cell is triclinic with a = 48.5 A, b = 51.5 A, c = 72.6 A, alpha = 90.4 degrees, beta = 95.4 degrees, gamma = 92.3 degrees (all +/- 0.2). There are four molecules in the asymmetric unit related by 222 symmetry. These crystals diffract to at least 2.5 A using X-rays from a rotating anode generator.
J Mol Biol 1993 Mar 20
PMID:Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of a thermophillic Bacillus xylanase. 846 72

Magnaporthe grisea, the fungal pathogen that causes rice blast disease, secretes two endo-beta-1,4-D-xylanases (E. C. 3.2.1.8) when grown on rice cell walls as the only carbon source. One of the xylanases, XYN33, is a 33-kD protein on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel and accounts for approximately 70% of the endoxylanase activity in the culture filtrate. The second xylanase, XYN22, is a 22-kD protein and accounts for approximately 30% of the xylanase activity. The two proteins were purified, cloned, and sequenced. XYN33 and XYN22 are both basic proteins with calculated isoelectric points of 9.95 and 9.71, respectively. The amino acid sequences of XYN33 and XYN22 are not homologous, but they are similar, respectively, to family F and family G xylanases from other microorganisms. The genes encoding XYN33 and XYN22, designated XYN33 and XYN22, are single-copy in the haploid genome of M. grisea and are expressed when M. grisea is grown on rice cell walls or on oatspelt xylan, but not when grown on sucrose.
Mol Plant Microbe Interact
PMID:Purification, cloning and characterization of two xylanases from Magnaporthe grisea, the rice blast fungus. 858 7

A gene, CEL1, in the maize pathogen Cochliobolus carbonum was identified using the cbh1-3 gene of Phanerochaete chrysosporium as a heterologous probe. The predicted product of CEL1, Cel1, is 62% identical and 71% similar to the product of cbh1-3 and 54 to 62% identical to five cellobiohydrolases from other filamentous fungi. The location of the polyadenylation site 221 bp downstream of the stop codon and the location of a single intron of 55 bp were identified by comparison of the sequences of genomic and cDNA copies of CEL1. The transcriptional start site was determined by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) to be 39 bp upstream of the putative translational start site. CEL1 mRNA abundance is high when C. carbonum is grown on cellulose or maize cell walls but is undetectable when grown on 2% sucrose or cellulose plus sucrose. Cel1 has a predicted signal peptide of 18 amino acids and therefore a mature size of 46.4 kDa. Like the product of cbh1-1 of P. chrysosporium, but unlike most other endoglucanases and cellobiohydrolases (including the predicted product of cbh1-3), Cel1 does not have a putative cellulose binding domain or associated hinge region. The codon bias of CEL1 is stronger than the bias of cbh1-1 and comparable to that of cbh1-3 and that of the C. carbonum genes PGN1 and XYL1, (encoding endopolygalacturonase and endo-xylanase, respectively). A strain of C. carbonum specifically mutated at CEL1 was produced by transformation with a truncated copy of CEL1. Integration and disruption of CEL1 in the mutant was confirmed by DNA and RNA blotting. Pathogenicity of the CEL1 mutant was indistinguishable from the wild-type, indicating that CEL1 by itself is not a critical disease determinant. Culture filtrates of C. carbonum grown on cellulose or maize cell walls had several cellobiohydrolase, endoglucanase, and beta-glucosidase activities that were separable by chromatofocusing, hydrophobic interaction, or ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Mol Plant Microbe Interact
PMID:Characterization and disruption of a gene in the maize pathogen Cochliobolus carbonum encoding a cellulase lacking a cellulose binding domain and hinge region. 858 15

Four xylanases were purified, two from the termite Macrotermes bellicosus workers (XIT and X2T) and two from its symbiotic fungus Termitomyces sp. (X1Mc and X2Mc). The analysis of the step required for the purification of X1T and X1Mc and the comparison of their different properties suggested that xylanases X1T and X1Mc were the same enzyme, X1. The determination of the reducing sugars by TLC revealed that X1 was an endoxylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) and X2T and X2Mc were endoxylanases (EC 3.2.1.37). The apparent molecular weights of the three xylanases, determined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, were 36 kDa for X1, 56 kDa for X2T and 22.5 kDa for X2Mc. The optimal pH of the three xylanases was approximately 5.5, and Km values determined with birchwood xylan as substrate were 0.2% for X1, 0.1% for X2T and 0.3% for X2Mc, showing a high affinity for this substrate. The three enzymes differed also by their thermal stability.
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 1995 Dec
PMID:Purification and properties of the xylanases from the termite Macrotermes bellicosus and its symbiotic fungus Termitomyces sp. 859 Mar 78

The gene encoding a 42-kDa endoxylanase was cloned from Erwinia chrysanthemi strain D1. Sequencing of this gene, called xynA, showed that it encoded a primary protein product of 413 amino acids with an unusual and long (31 amino acid) leader peptide that was cleaved during secretion to the bacterial periplasm. This protein is distinct from xylanases in glycohydrolase families 10 and 11 and, instead, appears to be intermediate between families 5 and 30. The xynA gene is located downstream from a gene with high homology to ATP-dependent RNA helicases and the Escherichia coli recD gene. Large amounts of the mature xylanase were produced by E. coli cells carrying a T7 expression plasmid construct and the protein was isolated from the bacterial periplasmic fraction by chromatography on a CM Bio-gel column. Marker exchange mutagenesis of the xynA gene eliminated the ability of strain D1 to produce detectable extracellular xylanase activity but did not affect virulence on corn leaves.
Mol Plant Microbe Interact 1996 Sep
PMID:Cloning and characterization of a xylanase gene from corn strains of Erwinia chrysanthemi. 881 80


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