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Query: UNIPROT:P06889 (Mol)
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Northern analysis of human testis poly(A+) RNA with a mixture of oligonucleotide primer extended cDNA probes revealed several similar RNAs. These RNAs were subsequently cloned into a VPCS (vector-primer-cloner-sequencer) plasmid. One of these clones, NDHu1, was represented within the library a number of times and hybridized strongly to a poly(A+) RNA of congruent to 1.2 kb. Sequence analysis identified this clone as the URF 1 subunit of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase (NDHu1). Comparison of the relative levels of the NDHu1 and human protamine 1 (HP1) transcripts revealed that HP1 was less abundant than NDHu1. This was unexpected, since it is known that within differentiating mammalian spermatid cells, protamine (HP1) is an abundant transcript. This suggested that the ratio of the relative levels of these two very different mRNAs was indicative of the relationship between specific spermatogenic function (germ cell transcription, determined by the level of the HP1 transcript) and general testicular cell function (determined by the level of the mitochondrial mRNAs, i.e. NDHu1). This correlation was maintained when several individuals expressing various degrees of testicular dysfunction were examined. This study suggests that these probes may be useful markers for general testicular and specific spermatogenic function.
Mol Cell Probes 1989 Jun
PMID:Molecular probes for general testicular and specific spermatogenic function. 277 Jul 51

We have determined the nucleotide sequence of a 3.3 kilobase segment of the kDNA maxicircle of Trypanosoma brucei brucei 164. The nucleotide sequence and its predicted translated sequence have homology to cytochrome c oxidase subunits I and II (CO I and II) and mammalian unidentified reading frame 1 (URF 1). Amino acid homology to CO II extends for 170 residues from the amino terminus in one reading frame and then continues in another reading frame for 39 residues to the carboxyl terminus. Similar results have been obtained for Leishmania tarentolae [de la Cruz, V.F., Neckelmann, N. and Simpson, L. (1984) J. Biol. Chem., in press] and T. brucei 427 [Hensgens, L.A.M., Brackenhoff, J., De Vries, B.F., Sloof, P., Tromp, M.C., Van Boom, J.H. and Benne, R. (1984) Nucleic Acids Res. 12, 7327-7344]. This may indicate that novel events are required for expression of this gene. Amino acid homology to URF 1 exists predominantly at the amino terminal end although no corresponding AUG codon occurs in this area. An alternative initiation codon may therefore be utilized by trypanosome mitochondria. Two other open reading frames (ORFs) were detected and these are discussed with reference to transcripts from this region. ORFs corresponding to transcripts are organized compactly and are distributed more equally on both strands compared to ORFs of other mitochondrial systems.
Mol Biochem Parasitol 1985 May
PMID:Identification of mitochondrial genes in Trypanosoma brucei and homology to cytochrome c oxidase II in two different reading frames. 298 84

The mitochondrial genome from Cyprinus carpio oocytes is a 10.5 megadalton, circular DNA molecule. The carp mitochondrial DNA was cloned in pBR325. Three recombinant plasmids accounted for the entire genome. Mapping of this DNA using 11 different restriction endonucleases is reported here. Both the large and small rRNA genes were then localized using Southern blot analysis. The subunit I of the cytochrome oxidase, the cytochrome b, the tRNAGlu and the URF 4 genes were localized by nucleotide sequence analysis and homology studies with human mtDNA. Our results suggest that a similar gene order has been maintained in the mitochondrial genomes of Chordata and support the hypothesis of a common ancestor for all vertebrate organelle genomes. This study constitutes the first report on the genome organization of a fish mtDNA and provides information for further investigation in connection with sequence determination, replication, and gene expression in carp mitochondria.
Mol Gen Genet 1984
PMID:Cloning, physical mapping and genome organization of mitochondrial DNA from Cyprinus carpio oocytes. 609 Aug 66

We have analyzed the region of the chloroplast genome from P. sativum which encodes the 5'-end of psbA. S1 nuclease mapping and primer extension analysis of chloroplast RNA revealed psbA transcripts with 5'-termini 92, 93 and 68 nucleotides upstream from the psbA open reading frame. The psbA transcripts with 5'-ends 92-93 nucleotides upstream from the psbA open reading frame can be labeled with alpha-(32)P-GTP by guanylyltransferase. DNA sequences 10 and 35 bp upstream from the longest psbA transcript showed homology to -10 and -35 consensus promoter sequences in E. coli. Truncated psbA constructs which contain the putative psbA promoter sequences were shown to promote transcription in E. coli from a site similar to that used by chloroplast RNA polymerase in vivo. Accurate transcription of psbA constructs was also observed in a homologous in vitro transcription extract from chloroplasts. Sequence analysis of the region upstream from the psbA transcripts revealed a putative 3'-exon of a tRNA-Lys (240 bp upstream) and an unidentified open reading frame (URF, 485 bp upstream). The 3'-end of the URF mRNA was located approximately 240 bp from the 5'-end of the longest psbA transcript indicating that the URF and tRNA-Lys sequence are cotranscribed. Comparison of P. sativum and N. tabacum DNA sequences at the 5'-end of psbA revealed homology between sequences coding for psbA mRNA including 40 bp upstream from the longest psbA transcript. A second region of homology which includes the tRNA-Lys sequence was also located. In contrast the intergenic DNA exhibited extensive divergence in size and sequence. re]19850627 rv]19851211 ac]19851216.
Plant Mol Biol 1986 Jul
PMID:Characterization of P. sativum chloroplast psbA transcripts produced in vivo, in vitro and in E. coli. 2430 22