Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P06889 (Mol)
 630,302 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bacterial contamination of diving outfit and inner surfaces of pressure complex increases at the expense of expansion of gram-negative microflora during long exploitation of undersea complexes. Gram-negative bacteria were hypothesized to effectively adapt to hyperbaric conditions. We investigated the effect of hyperbaric conditions and changed gaseous environment on the cultural and morphological characteristics of colonies, growth rate and time of generation of test cultures (P. aeruginosa ATCC 10145, E. coli Tg1, and Bac. subtilis GB2036). Phenotypically modified clones were selected for subsequent analysis of changes at a genetic level. Experiments revealed no essential changes in the studied properties under the effect of extreme conditions.
Mol Gen Mikrobiol Virusol 2000
PMID:[Effect of increased pressure and changed gaseous media on biological properties of microorganisms]. 1118 54

A library of Thermoactinomyces sp. 27a, producer of thermostable proteases of different groups, has been created. Gene coding for thermostable neutral proteinase was cloned and expressed in Bac. subtilis cells. Restriction map for cloned DNA fragment was created and physicochemical parameters of recombinant proteinase were characterized. The thermostability and optimum of proteolytic activity of the enzyme was lower than in the natural Thermoactinomyces sp. strain, which can be due to heterologous expression of the gene coding for thermostable protein in the mesophilic host.
Mol Gen Mikrobiol Virusol 2001
PMID:[A new thermostable proteinase from Thermoactinomyces SP.27a. Cloning and gene expression]. 1123 40

We review the literature on the way the structure of icefish gills relates the physiology of these haemoglobin-less fishes. Vascular casting confirmed earlier reports that the only special feature of the gills is the large size of the blood vessels, especially the prominent and continuous marginal channels Isolated perfused gill arches were used to study the effects of changes in afferent and efferent pressure on gill resistance and tritiated water influx in Chionobathyscus dewitti. Increasing perfusion rate did not change gill resistance, but there were moderate proportional increases in water influx. Reducing efferent pressure increased gill resistance but did not affect water influx. In both C. dewitti and Cryodraco antarcticus gills perfused at constant flow rate, noradrenaline produced concentration-dependent decreases in gill resistance and, with high concentrations, increases in water influx. Fixation while perfusion continued was used to compare blood space dimensions in control, noradrenaline-treated and unperfused gills. Noradrenaline caused large increases in the thickness of the lamellar blood space and increased lamellar height, despite a greatly reduced afferent pressure. This suggests that modulation of pillar cell active tension might be involved in control of lamellar perfusion. The possible relationship between gill water fluxes and lamellar recruitment is discussed.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 1998 Jan
PMID:Gills of antarctic fish. 1125 79

The structure and function of the pseudobranch has long interested scientists, but its overall role has remained a mystery. Previous studies have attributed respiratory, endocrine, osmoregulatory and sensory roles to the pseudobranch, and the present review concentrates on new findings. Perfusion experiments on the pseudobranch of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using both erythrocyte suspensions and Ringer solution have shown that this organ is able to generate values for the respiratory quotient (RQ) greater than 1.0. The release of carbon dioxide into the perfusate was found to be largely independent of flow between perfusion rates of 120-190 microl/min and could be inhibited by acetazolamide (10(-5) M), indicating a role for carbonic anhydrase. Noradrenaline (10(-5) M) had no effect on oxygen consumption or carbon dioxide release of the pseudobranch. The rate of carbon dioxide release was also dependent on the pH of the pre-pseudobranch perfusate, carbon dioxide release being reduced at lower perfusate pH values. Based on the glucose balance of the isolated saline-perfused rainbow trout pseudobranch and on the enzyme profiles for the rainbow trout, cod, swordfish and deep-water grenadier pseudobranch, it is suggested that the pentose phosphate shunt might be a source of carbon dioxide, yielding the high RQ values found for this organ. Most evidence now available indicates that the pseudobranch is integrally linked with the choroid rete and the supply of oxygen to the retina of the fish eye.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 1998 Jan
PMID:Physiology and biochemistry of the pseudobranch: an unanswered question? 1125 20

We examined the relative roles of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in mediating the alpha1-adrenergic receptor (alpha1-AR) stimulated hypertrophic phenotype in adult rat ventricular myocytes (ARVM). Norepinephrine (NE; 1 microM) in the presence of the beta -AR antagonist propranolol (Pro; 2 microM) caused activation of Ras (>six-fold), MAPK/ERK kinase 1 and 2 (MEK1/2, >10-fold) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2, approximately 30-fold) within 5 min, as determined by kinase activity assays and Western blots using phospho-specific antibodies. Conversely, p38 and c-Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNK) were not activated by NE/Pro. Activated MEK1/2 signals remained detectable at 2 h, and activated ERK1/2 remained detectable at 48 h. The alpha1-AR selective inhibitor prazosin (100 nM) completely inhibited the NE/Pro-stimulated activation of Ras, MEK1/2 and ERK1/2. The MEK inhibitor PD98059 caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of NE/Pro-stimulated protein synthesis (as assessed by [3H]leucine incorporation and cellular protein accumulation) and ERK1/2 activation, with approximately 50% inhibition at a concentration between 10 and 50 microM, which is consistent with the known IC50 values of PD98059 for MEK1 (4 microM) and MEK2 (50 microM). Thus, these data show that alpha1-AR stimulated hypertrophy in ARVM is dependent on the MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
J Mol Cell Cardiol 2001 Apr
PMID:MEK1/2-ERK1/2 mediates alpha1-adrenergic receptor-stimulated hypertrophy in adult rat ventricular myocytes. 1127 30

Norepinephrine (NE) induces apoptosis in cardiac myocytes, and autocrine production of angiotensin (ANG) II is required for apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) (Wang R, Zagariya A, Ang E, Ibarra-Sunga O, and Uhal BD. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 277: L1245--L1250, 1999; Wang R, Alam G, Zagariya A, Gidea C, Pinillos H, Lalude O, Choudhary G, and Uhal BD. J Cell Physiol 185: 253--259, 2000). On this basis, we hypothesized that NE might induce apoptosis of AECs in a manner inhibitable by ANG system antagonists. Purified NE induced apoptosis in the human A549 AEC-derived cell line or in primary cultures of rat AECs, with EC(50) values of 200 and 20 nM, respectively. Neither the alpha-agonist phenylephrine nor the beta-agonist isoproterenol could mimic NE when tested alone but when applied together could induce apoptosis with potency equal to NE. Apoptosis and net cell loss (47--59% in 40 h) in response to NE was completely abrogated by the ANG-converting enzyme inhibitor lisinopril or the ANG II receptor antagonist saralasin, each at concentrations capable of blocking Fas- or tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis. These data suggest that NE induces apoptosis of human and rat AECs through a mechanism involving the combination of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor activation followed by autocrine generation of ANG II.
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2001 Sep
PMID:Norepinephrine induces alveolar epithelial apoptosis mediated by alpha-, beta-, and angiotensin receptor activation. 1150 89

The piggyBac element from Trichoplusia ni is recognized as a useful vector for transgenesis of a wide variety of species. This transposable element is 2472 bp in length, and has a complex repeat configuration consisting of an internal repeat (IR), spacer, and terminal repeat (TR) at both ends, and a single ORF encoding the transposase. Excision assays performed in microinjected T. ni embryos using plasmids deleted for progressively larger portions of the piggyBac internal sequence reveal that the 5' and 3' IR, spacer, and TR configuration is sufficient for precise excision of piggyBac when transposase is provided in trans. Interplasmid transposition assays using plasmids carrying varying lengths of intervening sequence between the piggyBac termini in T. ni demonstrate that a minimum of 55 bp of intervening sequence is required for optimal transposition, while lengths less than 40 bp result in a dramatic decrease in transposition frequency. These results suggest that the piggyBac transposase may bind both termini simultaneously before cleavage can occur, and/or that the formation of a transposition complex requires DNA bending between the two termini. Based on these results we constructed a 702-bp cartridge with minimal piggyBac 5' and 3' terminal regions separated by an intervening sequence of optimal length. Interplasmid transposition assays demonstrate that the minimal terminal configuration is sufficient to mediate transposition, and also verify that simply inserting this cartridge into an existing plasmid converts that plasmid into a non-autonomous piggyBac transposon. We also constructed a minimal piggyBac vector, pXL-Bac, that contains an internal multiple cloning site sequence between the minimal terminal regions. These vectors should greatly facilitate the utilization of the piggyBac transposon in a wide range of hosts.
Mol Genet Genomics 2001 Oct
PMID:The minimum internal and external sequence requirements for transposition of the eukaryotic transformation vector piggyBac. 1168 59

The rhythmic movements of fetal membranes in chick and reptile embryos were studied to explore the developmental role of the extra-embryonic motor activity. In the snakes Lamprophis fuliginosus and Elaphe radiata, rhythmic contractions of amnion inside the developing egg were recorded from the 11th incubation day until pre-hatching stages (ca. day 60-72). The duration of these contractions averaged 2.02+/-0.27 min. The frequency ranged from 2 to 6 per 10 min and averaged 4.61+/-0.57 per 10 min. A tendency of frequency to increase toward the end of embryogenesis was observed. Lowering the temperature from 28 to 20 degrees C significantly decreased the frequency of amnion contractions to 2.85+/-0.91 per 10 min. The isolated snake amnion retained its capacity for spontaneous contraction. Noradrenaline inhibited, acetylcholine stimulated and serotonin did not affect the rhythmic activity of the isolated snake amnion. Similar effects were found when these agents were applied into the snake amniotic cavity. In the chick, yolk sac rhythmic contractions were recorded from the fifth until the 12th incubation days. The duration of these contractions ranged from 15 to 60 s, their frequency averaged 11.8+/-3.18 per 10 min and depended on temperature. The low temperature threshold was approximately 30 degrees C. After surgical removal of the amnion and embryo, the yolk sac continued contracting inside the egg. The yolk sac rhythmic contractions likely participate in the space movement of the embryo inside the egg during embryogenesis.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2002 Apr
PMID:Rhythmic contractions in chick amnio-yolk sac and snake amnion during embryogenesis. 1189 97

Ca(+) spark has been implicated as a pivotal feedback mechanism for regulating membrane potential and vasomotor tone in systemic arterial smooth muscle cells (SASMCs), but little is known about its properties in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Using confocal microscopy, we identified spontaneous Ca(2+) sparks in rat intralobar PASMCs and characterized their spatiotemporal properties and physiological functions. Ca(2+) sparks of PASMCs had a lower frequency and smaller amplitude than cardiac sparks. They were abolished by inhibition of ryanodine receptors but not by inhibition of inositol trisphosphate receptors and L-type Ca(2+) channels. Enhanced Ca(2+) influx by BAY K8644, K(+), or high Ca(2+) caused a significant increase in spark frequency. Functionally, enhancing Ca(2+) sparks with caffeine (0.5 mM) caused membrane depolarization in PASMCs, in contrast to hyperpolarization in SASMCs. Norepinephrine and endothelin-1 both caused global elevations in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]), but only endothelin-1 increased spark frequency. These results suggest that Ca(2+) sparks of PASMCs are similar to those of SASMCs, originate from ryanodine receptors, and are enhanced by Ca(2+) influx. However, they play a different modulatory role on membrane potential and are under agonist-specific regulation independent of global [Ca(2+)].
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2002 Aug
PMID:Physiological properties and functions of Ca(2+) sparks in rat intrapulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. 1211 6

Norepinephrine (NE) concentration at alpha-adrenergic receptors is partially regulated by steroid-sensitive, extraneuronal catecholamine uptake (uptake-2). Because alpha(1)-adrenergic agonist- and glucocorticosteroid (GS)-induced bronchial vasoconstriction is enhanced in individuals with asthma, atopy could be associated with decreased uptake-2 by vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). We therefore evaluated whether NE uptake and its specific transporter messenger RNA (mRNA) were reduced in aortic SMCs of rabbits systemically sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA). NE uptake was measured using a semiquantitative fluorescence microscopic method. Corticosterone and O-methyl-isoprenaline, but not desipramine, co-incubation (1 micro M each) for 20 min decreased NE uptake into SMCs, an inhibitor profile indicative of extraneuronal monoamine transporter (EMT). In OVA-sensitized rabbits, NE uptake was 25.9 +/- 4.5% (mean +/- SEM) lower than in control animals (P < 0.05). Sensitized serum had no effect on NE uptake into naive SMCs. EMT mRNA expression was measured in aortic smooth muscle, using multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. In OVA-sensitized rabbits, expression was 61.1 +/- 16.4% lower than in control animals (P < 0.05). These data demonstrate that NE uptake by aortic SMCs is impaired in atopic rabbits, and associated with a decreased transporter mRNA expression. The same mechanism may operate in bronchial arteries in individuals with asthma.
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2002 Dec
PMID:Systemic ovalbumin sensitization downregulates norepinephrine uptake by rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells. 1244 35


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10