Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P06889 (Mol)
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A 115 compound dataset for HSA binding is divided into the training set and the test set based on molecular similarity and cluster analyses. Both Kier-Hall valence connectivity indices and 4D-fingerprint similarity measures were applied to this dataset. Four different predictive schemes (SM, SA, SR, SC) were applied to the test set based on the similarity measures of each compound to the compounds in the training set. The first algorithmic scheme (SM) predicts the binding affinity of a test compound using only the most similar training set compound's binding affinity. This scheme has relatively poor predictivity based both on Kier-Hall valence connectivity indices similarity measures and 4D-fingerprints similarity analyses. The other three algorithmic schemes (SM SR, SC), which assign a weighting coefficient to each of the top-ten most similar training set compounds, have reasonable predictivity of a test set. The algorithmic scheme which categorizes the most similar compounds into different weighted clusters predicts the test set best. The 4D-fingerprints provide 36 different individual IPE/IPE type molecular similarity measures. This study supports that some types of similarity measures are highly similar to one another for this dataset. Both the Kier-Hall valence connectivity indices similarity measures and the 4D-fingerprints have nearly same predictivity for this particular dataset.
J Comput Aided Mol Des 2005 Aug
PMID:Prediction of plasma protein binding of drugs using Kier-Hall valence connectivity indices and 4D-fingerprint molecular similarity analyses. 1626 92

This paper describes the development of composite nanoparticles. A novel composite nanoparticle has been prepared by an in situ polymerization method. The nano-CdS has been prepared, then the polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) was carried out by initiator potassium persulfate (KPS) under ultrasonic irradiation. The surface of the composite nanoparticles was covered with abundant carboxylic groups (-COOH). The nanoparticles are water-soluble, stable and biocompatible. Reaction of the composite nanoparticles with proteins results in an enhanced resonance light scattering (RLS) at 380 nm. Based on this, a new resonance light-scattering (RLS) method was developed for the determination of proteins including BSA, HSA and human gamma-IgG. Under the optimum conditions, the enhanced RLS intensity is linearly proportional to the concentration of proteins. The liner range is 0.1-15 microgmL(-1) for HSA, 0.2-20 microgmL(-1) for BSA and 0.1-50.0 microgmL(-1) for human gamma-IgG, respectively. The method has been applied to the determination of the total protein in human serum samples collected from the hospital and the results are in good agreement with those reported by the hospital. This method proved to be very sensitive, rapid, simple and tolerant of most interfering substances.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2006 Oct
PMID:Quantitative determination of proteins at nanogram levels by the resonance light-scattering technique with composite nanoparticles of CdS/PAA. 1652 33

The interactions between riboflavin (RF) and human and bovine serum albumin (HSA and BSA) were studied by using absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic methods. Intrinsic fluorescence emission spectra of serum albumin in the presence of RF show that the endogenous photosensitizer acts as a quencher. The decrease of fluorescence intensity at about 350 nm is attributed to changes in the environment of the protein fluorophores caused by the ligand. The quenching mechanisms of albumins by RF were discussed. The binding constants and binding site number were obtained at various temperatures. The distance between albumins and RF in the complexes suggests that the primary binding site for RF is close to tryptophan residue (Trp214) of HSA and Trp212 of BSA. The hydration process of albumins has also been discussed.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2006 Nov
PMID:Spectroscopic studies on the interaction between riboflavin and albumins. 1653 Apr 68

The binding of bromsulphalein (BSP) with human serum albumin was investigated at different temperatures, 298 and 308 K, by the fluorescence spectroscopy at pH 7.24. The binding constant was determined by Stern-Volmer equation based on the quenching of the fluorescence HSA in the presence of bromsulphalein. The effect of various metal ions on the binding constants of BSP with HSA was investigated. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated according to the dependence of enthalpy change on the temperature as follows: DeltaH and DeltaS possess small negative (9.3 kJ mol(-1)) and positive values (22.3 J K(-l)mol(-l)), respectively. The experimental results revealed that BSP has a strong ability to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA through a static quenching procedure. The binding constants between BSP to HSA were remarkable and independent on temperature. The binding constants between HSA and BSP decreased in the presence of various ions, commonly decreased by 30-55%. The hydrophobic force played a major role in the interaction of BSP with HSA. All these experimental results and theoretical data clarified that BSP could bind to HSA and be effectively transported and eliminated in body, which could be a useful guideline for further drug design.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2006 Dec
PMID:Fluorescence study on the interaction of human serum albumin with bromsulphalein. 1676 80

The noncovalent binding of selected phenolic compounds (chlorogenic-, ferulic-, gallic acid, quercetin, rutin, and isoquercetin) to proteins (HSA, BSA, soy glycinin, and lysozyme) was studied by an indirect method applying the quenching of intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence. From the data obtained, the binding constants were calculated by nonlinear regression (one site binding; y = Bx/k + x). It has been reported that tannins inhibit human salivary amylase and that these complexes may reduce the development of cariogenic plaques. Further, amylase contains two tryptophan residues in its active site. Therefore, in a second part of the study involving 31 human subjects, evidence was sought for noncovalent interactions between the phenols of green tea and saliva proteins as measured by the fluorescence intensity. Amylase activity was determined before and after the addition of green tea to saliva of 31 subjects. Forty percent of the subjects showed an increase in amylase activity contrary to studies reporting only a decrease in activity. The interactions of tannin with amylase result in a decrease of its activity. It still remains to be elucidated why amylase does not react uniformly under conditions of applying green tea to saliva. Further, in terms of using phenols as caries inhibitors this finding should be of importance.
Mol Nutr Food Res 2006 Aug
PMID:Determining the binding affinities of phenolic compounds to proteins by quenching of the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence. 1683 69

Scopoletine (SLT), 7-hydroxy-6-methoxylcoumarin, is known to possess biological activities such as abirritating and anti-tumor, it can quench intrinsic fluorescence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the fluorescence intensity of itself is enhanced. So, SLT is used as fluorescence probe for quantitative determination of protein. The experiments indicate that under optimum conditions, the enhanced intensity of fluorescence is in proportion to the concentration of proteins in a wide range, and their detection limits (S/N=3) are 1.4 x 10(-8)g mL(-1) for BSA and 1.1 x 10(-8)g mL(-1) for HSA, respectively. Samples were satisfactorily determined. The interaction mechanism is also discussed.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2007 Mar
PMID:Scopoletine as fluorescence probe for determination of protein. 1685 71

Protein G-related albumin-binding (GA) modules are frequently expressed on the surfaces of bacterial cells. The limited amino acid sequence variation among GA modules results in structural and functional differences with possible implications for bacterial pathogenesis and host specificity. In particular, the streptococcal G148-GA3 and F. magna ALB8-GA albumin-binding domains exhibit a degree of structural and dynamic diversity that may account for their varied affinities for different species of albumin. To explore the impact of GA module polymorphisms on albumin binding and specificity, we recently used offset recombinant PCR to shuffle seven artificially constructed representatives of the GA sequence space and scan the phage-displayed recombinant domains for mutations that supported binding to the phylogenetically distinct human and guinea pig serum albumins (HSA and GPSA) (Rozak et al. (2006) Biochemistry 45, 3263-3271). Surprisingly, phage selection revealed an overwhelming preference for a single recombinant domain (PSD-1, phage-selected domain-1) regardless of whether the phages were enriched for their abilities to bind one or both of these albumins. We describe here the NMR-derived structure, dynamics, and stability of unbound PSD-1. Our results demonstrate that increased flexibility is not a requirement for broadened specificity, as had been suggested earlier (Johansson et al. (2002) J. Mol. Biol. 316, 1083-1099), because PSD-1 binds the phylogenetically diverse HSA and GPSA even more tightly than G148-GA3 but is less flexible. The structural basis for albumin-binding specificity is analyzed in light of these new results.
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PMID:Structure, dynamics, and stability variation in bacterial albumin binding modules: implications for species specificity. 1690 68

Little is known about the interplay between pathophysiological processes of allergy and infection, particularly with respect to mast cell (MC)-mediated responses. The presence and recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) might have broad impact on the development and severity of diseases. In this study, we assessed the influence of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR 2)-dependent synthetic analogs of bacterial lipopeptides (LPs), Pam(3)CSK(4) and MALP-2, on Ag (DNP-HSA)-triggered responses in bone marrow-derived MCs (BMMCs). Both LPs strongly synergized with sub-optimal amounts of Ag in the stimulation of cytokine release. Intriguingly, Pam(3)CSK(4), but not MALP-2 suppressed Ag-induced degranulation of BMMCs (together with early tyrosine phosphorylation and calcium mobilization) in a TLR2-independent manner. Further analysis revealed that Pam(3)CSK(4), most probably by electrostatic forces, reduced the level of active DNP-HSA and that this, in turn, was responsible for the suppression of Ag-induced degranulation. Thus, our work demonstrates that LPs can synergize with IgE+Ag in stimulating the production of IL-6 by BMMCs. As well, our findings with Pam(3)CSK(4) indicate that one must be cautious when interpretating results obtained with "model" substances and the combination of ligands must be carefully chosen when functional interactions between the high-affinity receptor for IgE (FcepsilonR1) and TLR2 are examined.
Mol Immunol 2007 Mar
PMID:Stimulation of mast cells via FcvarepsilonR1 and TLR2: the type of ligand determines the outcome. 1709 89

This paper compares the physicochemical properties of six low molecular weight clinical complexes of gadolinium studied under identical experimental conditions. Magnevist, Dotarem, Omniscan, ProHance, MultiHance and Gadovist were investigated by oxygen-17 relaxometry at different temperatures and by proton relaxometry at various magnetic fields, temperatures and media [pure water, zinc(II)-containing aqueous solutions and HSA-containing solutions]. Osmolality, viscosity and stability versus transmetallation by zinc(II) ions were added for a more comprehensive description. The relaxivities of the clinical formulations as measured in water are similar in the imaging magnetic field region, with a slightly better performance for MultiHance. This can be explained by a shorter distance between the hydrogen nuclei of the water molecule bound to the Gd(3+) ion and this paramagnetic centre. In contrast to the open-chain complexes, all macrocyclic systems (Dotarem, ProHance and Gadovist) are insensitive to transmetallation by zinc ions. The stability of the open-chain complexes with respect to transmetallation depends on the chemical structure of the ligand, with a better stability for MultiHance. The presence of human serum albumin has no significant effect on the proton relaxivity of Magnevist, Dotarem, Omniscan, ProHance and Gadovist but markedly increases the relaxivity of MultiHance because of a non-covalent interaction with the protein. As a result, the relaxivity of MultiHance in HSA-containing media of fixed concentration decreases with increasing concentration of the contrast agent.
Contrast Media Mol Imaging
PMID:Comparative study of the physicochemical properties of six clinical low molecular weight gadolinium contrast agents. 1719 89

Advanced glycation end-product (AGE)/peptides, arising from in vivo digestion of glycated proteins, are biologically important compounds, due to their reactivity against circulating and tissue proteins. For information on their possible structure, in vitro glycation of HSA and its further enzymatic digestion were performed. The resulting digestion product mixture was analysed directly by MALDI MS with various matrices [2,5-dihydroxy benzoic acid (DHB) and alpha-cyano-4-hydroxy cinnamic acid (CHCA)]. Alternatively, offline microbore LC prior to MALDI analysis was used, and showed that 63% of the free amino groups prone to glycation are modified, indicating the contemporary presence of unglycated peptides. This result proves that, regardless of the high glucose concentration employed for HSA incubation, glycation does not go to completion. Further studies showed that the collisionally activated decomposition of singly charged glycated peptides leads to specific fragmentation pathways, all related to the condensed glucose molecule. These unique product ions can be used as effective markers to establish the presence of a glucose molecule within a peptide ion.
Mol Nutr Food Res 2007 Apr
PMID:Off-line liquid chromatography-MALDI by with various matrices and tandem mass spectrometry for analysis of glycated human serum albumin tryptic peptides. 1735 82


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