Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P06889 (Mol)
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1. We describe a modified competive protein-binding assay for 25-hydroxyvitamin D, which does not require the prior separation of vitamin D from 25-hydroxyvitamin D. 2. Bovine albumin was used in the buffer, at a concentration of 1mg/ml, as a protein stabilizer and lipid solubilizer. Bovine albumin from different manufactures produced very different non-specific binding of 25-(3H)hydroxycholecalciferol (ranging from 3.3 per cent to 58.9 per cent). 3. The mean concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in sera from normal children in Johannesburg was 76.75 +/- 24.75 mumol/ml (30.7 +/- 9.9 ng/ml).
Clin Sci Mol Med 1976 Dec
PMID:A competitive protein-binding assay for 25-hydroxyvitamin D. 107 Apr 25

1. Analysis of relationships between blood volume, vascular capacitance, cardiopulmonary and peripheral blood volumes, labelled albumin disappearance rate, plasma renin activity, blood pressure and age was performed in essential hypertensive males. 2. The results indicate that capacitance bed constriction probably occurs with age in essential hypertension leading to an increase in the product blood volume xvascular capacitance tone even in the presence of low blood volume. 3. A metabolic defect in the venous vascular bed along with an abnormality of regulation of renal sodium excretion is postulated.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1976 Dec
PMID:The role of vascular capacitance in the genesis of essential hypertension. 107 9

1. Relationships between labelled albumin disappearance rate (LADR), plasma volume, blood volume, plasma renin activity (PRA) and blood pressure (BP) were studied in normotensive control subjects and patients with hypertension of different aetiology and severity. In essential hypertensive patients without complications an inverse linear relationship was found between blood pressure and plasma or blood volume. 2. Very close inverse correlations were found between LADR and PRA in both normotensive subjects and patients with uncomplicated essential hypertension. LADR appears to be an excellent reference standard for PRA. 3. It is postulated that LADR mainly reflects the relation between circulating fluid and vascular capacitance tone. LADR is increased in hypertension and blood volume may still be inappropriately high.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1976 Dec
PMID:Significance of increase in labelled albumin disappearance rate in arterial hypertension. 107 11

1. Colony-stimulating activity appeared in the perfusate of the isolated rat liver during perfusions with either whole rat blood, rat plasma or an artificial perfusate of Eagle's medium and albumin. 2. Dialysable inhibitors of colony formation were also released during perfusions. 3. Colony-stimulating activity in artificial perfusate could be enhanced by the addition of rat plasma in vitro. Concentrations of cycloheximide that inhibited albumin synthesis by the liver did not inhibit the release of colony-stimulating activity.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1976 Jun
PMID:Release of colony-stimulating activity from the isolated perfused rat liver. 108 51

1. 24 h aldosterone secretion rates (ASR) have been measured in six normal volunteers while recumbent all day and while standing for 12 h, on 200 and 10 mmol/day sodium diets and after salt-poor albumin infusions (75 g in 150 ml), which significantly expanded plasma volume. 2. The mean ASR on the 10 mmol/day sodium diet, both without and with the salt-poor albumin infusion, was highly significantly increased above the mean ASR on the 200 mmol/day sodium diet, both in the recumbent and in the upright posture. 3. There was no significant difference between the mean ASR values on the 10 mmol/day sodium diet alone and after the infusion of albumin either in the recumbent or in the upright posture. 4. The above abservations su;gest that sodium deprivation raises ASR by a mechanism or mechanisms unrelated to plasma volume.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1975 Mar
PMID:The role of plasma volume in the increase of aldosterone secretion rate during sodium deprivation. 111 36

1. The relation between endogenous urea metabolism and albumin synthesis has been studied in ten patients with chronic renal failure and in four normal subjects, after single intravenous injections of [14-C]urea,[15-N]urea and 125-I-labelled albumin. 2. The rate of urea synthesis was determined from the dynamics of plasma [14-C]urea specific radioactivity and the rate of urea metabolism was estimated from the relative rates of urea synthesis and urea appearance in urine and body water. Deconvolution analysis of plasma [15N]albumin enrichmevt and 125-i-labelled albumin radioactivity yielded the cumulative incorporation of 15-N into total exchangeable albumin and enabled calculation of the absolute rate of urema nitrogen utilization for albumin synthesis. 3. Although the mean absolute rate of urea degradation in uraemic patients (3-7 mmol/h) was higher than in normal subjects (2-3 mmol/h) there was no significant positive correlation between urea degradation and plasma urea concentration. 4. In uraemic subjects, there was a significant positive correlation between urea synthetic rate and urea degration rate. 5. The rate of utilization of urea nitrogen for albumin synthesis was low, but was very much higher in uraemic subjects (mean 83-8 mumol/h) compared with normal subjects (mean 6-4 mumol/h), as was the provision by urea of the nitrogen required for albumin synthesis in uraemic subjects (2-37%) compared with normal subjects (0-13%). 6. The efficiency of utilization of urea nitrogen for albumin synthesis was higher in the uraemic patients (1-3%) than the normal subjects (0-2%), and was higher in those patients with chronic renal failure who received a 30 g protein diet than those on 70 g of protein. A significant negative correlation was noted between efficiency of urea nitrogen utilization and the rate of synthesis of albumin. 7. These studies suggest the presence of a mechanism for the conservation of urea nitrogen in chronic renal failure which is unrelated to the extent of urea degradation, and which can only be partly explained by the higher proportion of intraluminal gut nitrogen derived from urea.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1975 May
PMID:Efficiency of utilization of urea nitrogen for albumin synthesis by chronically uraemic and normal man. 112 30

1. The rat testicle was used in studying the release of radio-labelled compounds from locally injected liposomes of various sizes, charge and lipid composition. 2. Large unsonicated liposomes markedly delayed the release of entrapped 125I-labelled albumin. Delay was due to liposomal entrapment rather than the presence of lipid per se and it was greater with neutral than charged liposomes. The albumin left the testis after release from, and not in association with, liposomal lipid. 3. Large unsonicated liposomes also delayed the release of entrapped actinomycin D and 5-fluourouracil. The former retained its cytotoxic activity and resulted in focal, dose-dependent tissue necrosis. 4. Small sonicated liposomes did not delay the release of entrapped 125I-labelled albumin, and enhanced release of actinomycin D, producing high concentration of these compounds, which were released in association with liposomal lipid, in draining lymph nodes.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1975 Aug
PMID:Liposomes as vehicles for the local release of drugs. 114 7

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta) has been implicated in the regulation of hepatocyte function. We have examined TGF beta 1 regulation of albumin and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) mRNA levels in a well differentiated mouse hepatoma cell line (BWTG3). TGF beta 1 reversibly decreased steady state mRNA levels of both albumin and AFP. By nuclear run-on assays, we found that TGF beta 1 caused no significant change in transcription rates for albumin or AFP. Pretreatment with actinomycin-D prevented the TGF beta 1-induced decrease in albumin and AFP mRNA levels. Also, if cells were treated with actinomycin-D after a 12-h exposure to TGF beta 1, actinomycin-D abrogated the further decrease in albumin and AFP mRNA levels that occurred after treatment with TGF beta 1 alone. Cycloheximide pretreatment blocked the TGF beta 1-induced decrease in albumin and AFP mRNA levels. TGF beta 1 altered neither the rate of BWTG3 cell growth nor the levels of mRNA for the growth-associated protooncogene c-myc. These data suggest that TGF beta 1 has regulatory effects on specific hepatocyte functions that are independent of growth regulatory effects. The decrease in albumin and AFP mRNAs caused by TGF beta 1 is posttranscriptional and dependent upon de novo RNA and protein synthesis.
Mol Endocrinol 1992 Nov
PMID:Posttranscriptional regulation of albumin and alpha-fetoprotein messenger RNA by transforming growth factor-beta 1 requires de novo RNA and protein synthesis. 128 69

Proteins from grossly and histologically normal human aortic intimas and human aortic intima with fatty streaks or fibro-fatty lesions were extracted with 9 M urea mixture. Protein extracts were mixed with an internal absorbance calibrator (carbonic anhydrase) and subsequently separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, silver stained, and quantitated by a laser beam densitometer. The vascular-origin proteins actin, tropomyosin-like proteins, tubulin, glycoprotein G35, and two myosin light chains were present in the highest amounts in normal aortic intima (27-year-old male). Quantitation of vascular-origin proteins in aortic intima with a fibro-fatty lesion from the same subject showed a slight decrease in relative amount of these proteins as compared to the normal intima. Several polypeptides (P15, P18, P60, P110b) and plasma-derived proteins not observed in the normal intima were found in fibro-fatty lesion (albumin, haptoglobin beta-chain, fibrinogen beta-chain, alpha 1-HS-glycoprotein). Other proteins which were present in very low amounts in the normal intima (transferrin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, apolipoprotein A-1, P56, P190) were found to be major proteins of intima with fibro-fatty lesion. Differences in relative amount of plasma-derived and vascular-origin proteins between normal intima and intima with fatty streaks, studied in a large number of specimens from 38 thoracic intimas and 18 paired abdominal intimas (16-34 years old) were less prominent. Statistically significant increases of the albumin/actin ratio were found in fatty streaks as compared to paired normal intimas as well as in the mean value of albumin/actin ratio in the group of fibro-fatty lesions (mean = 6.1) as compared to the group of fatty streaks (mean = 1.7) or normal intima (mean = 0.7). Several lesion unique proteins were observed; however, the frequency of the occurrence of these proteins in 41 specimens with lesion was low. No significant differences were observed in intima protein pattern and quantities of selected intima proteins between paired thoracic and abdominal aortas.
Exp Mol Pathol 1992 Dec
PMID:Quantitative alteration of some aortic intima proteins in fatty streaks and fibro-fatty lesions. 128 71

Plasmids containing the luciferase gene from the firefly (Photinus pyralis) fused to the Chinese hamster metallothioneine I promoter (ChMTI) were microinjected into the pronuclei of medaka (Oryzias latipes) eggs, which were then artificially inseminated. Evidence of integration into the genome was gained from observation of germ-line transmission in a mendelian fashion from the F1 to the F2 generation. However, gene expression (light emission) could not be demonstrated in the established transgenic line. In a separate program, transient expression of gene constructs containing the luciferase gene fused to various promoters was compared in medaka embryos. Plasmids were microinjected into pronuclei, and homogenates from 3-day-old embryos were measured for light emission using a luminometer. Among the various promoters tested (SV40, RSV-LTR, ChMTI, HSP70, and mouse albumin), the highest levels of luciferase gene expression were observed in gene constructs containing ChMTI and HSP70 gene promoters. Expression in these two constructs was significantly increased following administration of ZnSO4 or heat treatment, respectively. Plasmids were also introduced into goldfish fibroblast-like cells in vitro, in which enzymatically active luciferase was transiently expressed. Assaying for expression of luciferase provided a rapid and sensitive method for monitoring promoter activity. The potential usefulness of this fish species for cancer research is discussed based on accumulated information from carcinogenesis studies.
Mol Mar Biol Biotechnol
PMID:Firefly luciferase gene transmission and expression in transgenic medaka (Oryzias latipes). 130 22


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