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Query: UNIPROT:P06889 (Mol)
 630,302 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Procedures have been developed which provide simple means of determining binding constants of steroid receptors for glucocorticoids in mouse lymphoid cell lines and of characterizing the interaction of the steroid--receptor complex with the nucleus. An average of 70% of the steroid--receptor complexes is found associated with the nuclear fraction in three investigated cell lines, whereas 30% of the steroid--receptor complexes is found in the cytosol fraction. This distribution of the steroid-receptor complex within the cell is independent of whether steroid uptake of the cells is performed at low or at high steroid concentration. Part of the binding of the steroid receptor to the nuclear fraction is sensitive to high ionic strength and to high pH. A larger fraction of the steroid--receptor complex binding to the nuclear fraction is insensitive to high ionic strength and pH when the steroid uptake is performed at low steroid concentrations than when performed at high steroid concentrations. Steroid--receptor complex is released from the nuclear fraction by DNAase treatment but not by RNAase treatment. The possible correlation between the sensitivity to ionic strength and pH and the specificity of the binding is discussed.
Mol Cell Endocrinol 1978 Apr
PMID:Interaction of glucocorticoid receptors from lymphoid cell lines with their nuclear acceptor sites. 2 20

The Ia antigens constitute a polymorphic series of cell surface determinants. At present, their definition is mainly a genetic one, and thus any cell surface antigen which can be demonstrated to be encoded by a gene in the Ir region of the H-2 complex may be classified as an Ia antigen. There are presently three subregions of the I region defined on the basis of available recombinant haplotypes, and designated at I-A, I-B, AND I-C. Mapping of individual Ia specificities indicates that numerous specificities are determined by genes in the I-A subregion, several in the I-C subregion, and few, if any, in the I-B subregion. This may be a reflection of the state of the art, however, rather than an accurate assessment of the extent of polymorphism. The Ia antigens appear to be expressed preferentially on the B-cell subpopulation of lymphoid cells. However, with the use of sensitive techniques they have also been demonstrated on some T cells, on macrophages, on sperm cells, and on epidermal cells. The Ia antigens have also been demonstrated on several T-cell factors which appear to be involved in the immune response. Whether or not all of the Ia antigens thus localized are identical or represent overlapping specificities within the same sera remains in many cases to be determined. There are presently three ways of defining Ia specificities serologically: (1) by direct immunization between strains differing only in the I region; (2) by detection of shared Ia determinants using polyspecific sera which contain H-2K region and H-2D region antibodies but which are nevertheless specific only for Ia antigens when tested on target cells of other strains; and (3) by selective absorption of H-2K region and H-2D region antibodies from an H-2 antiserum by cells bearing these antigens but lacking (or relatively lacking Ia antigens. All three of these methods produce anti-Ia reagents of reasonable titer for use in both serological and functional experimentation. The definition of the specificity as an Ia specificity in each case requires the availability of appropriate recombinant strains to map the specificity to the Iregion. In addition, there are several correlative criteria which have been developed in order to detect Ia activity in alloantisera in the absence of the availability of appropriate recombinants for mapping of the specificity. These include the tissue distribution of the Ia antigens (namely, their predominant expression on the B-cell subpopulation), their characteristics molecular size, their association on the B-cell surface with the Fc receptor, and their lack of association with other products of the major histocompatibility complex as distinguished either chemically or by cocapping studies. These correlative criteria make it possible to distinguish probable anti-Ia reactivity in a variety of serological reactions, but the results must still be interpreted with caution until appropriate recombinants have been obtained which can map the specificities to the I region...
Contemp Top Mol Immunol 1976
PMID:The Ia antigens. 6 50

Many alloantigens and xenoantigens of lymphocytes are not found generally on other tissues, and this suggests that much of the lymphocyte cell surface is differentiated in comparison with other cell membranes. These differentiation antigens are probably molecules that mediate lymphocyte-specific functions, and are also of interest in that they provide markers for different lymphoid cell types and may be important as target antigens for immunosuppressive anti-(lymphocyte) sera. The purification of differentiation antigens will be important in allowing their molecular properties to be discovered, and will also lead to the production of strong, specific antisera that can be used in functional studies. Radioimmunoassays have been developed for the analysis of anti-(lymphocyte) sera, and these assays provide advantages in purification studies over other techniques. The features of these assays are discussed, and studies of differentiation antigens of rat lymphocytes are described. These include the purification and characterization of the rat Thy-1 antigen, and preliminary studies on two other rat lymphocyte differentiation antigens.
Contemp Top Mol Immunol 1977
PMID:Differentiation antigens of the lymphocyte cell surface. 9 79

Ribonucleic acid extracts of lymphoid cells from immune hosts were used to transfer in vivo and in vitro cell-mediated immune reactivity to a variety of antigens. The in vivo immune responses transferred by RNA included the delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction to fungal and chemically-defined antigens and the tumor-rejection reaction to guinea pig hepatoma antigens. The in vitro immune responses transferred by RNA included macrophage migration inhibition by fungal, chemically-defined, and tumor antigens. The transfer activity of RNA preparations was contained in the 8 s to 18 s species of RNA and was sensitive to RNase but not to DNase or trypsin. Antigen was not detectable in the RNA preparations and appeared to have no role in the transfer activity. Syngeneic, allogeneic, or xenogeneic sources of RNA could transfer immune reactivity. In each system tested, the transfer of cell-mediated reactivity by RNA was specific for the antigen used to sensitize the RNA donor. The potential use of RNA-mediated transfer of immunity is discussed.
Mol Cell Biochem 1979 May 06
PMID:Some perspectives on the transfer of cell-mediated immunity by immune-RNA. 11 79

Activated lymphocytes release numerous products which are either synthesized de novo or in increased amounts; some of these products play a role in the regulation of the immune response and are designated as mediators of cellular immune reactions or lymphokines. The first lymphokine described was the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) which has been studied most extensively with regard to its chemical and biological properties. Using sensitive radiolabelling techniques and an antiserum against highly purified fractions of MIF we were able to identify several products of activated guinea pig lymphocytes with different molecular weights of 15.000, 30.000, 45.000, 60.000 which all had an isoelectric point of 5.2 and were all inhibitory to macrophage migration. It is suggested, that these molecules are oligomers of a common subunit of molecular weight 15.000. It was further shown, that molecules of the same physical-chemical and serological characteristics are produced by activated B-cells, L2C leukemia cells and growing fibroblasts, thus further substantiating earlier reports on the production of MIF by lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells. The described molecules were also shown not to contain determinants of the major histocompatibility complex and to be distinct from lymphotoxin, another lymphocyte activation product. It is concluded, that MIF is not a single molecule but rather a system of structurally related molecules. Their interaction with macrophages and possible relationships to macrophage activating factor is discussed.
Mol Cell Biochem 1979 Dec 14
PMID:The biochemistry and in vitro activity of soluble factors of activated lymphocytes. 39 92

Some general features of dexamethasone resistance in five murine lymphoid cell lines were investigated. To obtain large numbers of dexamethasone-resistant (Dexr) variants, a technique was developed by which mouse lymphoid cell lines can be grown with high efficiency on the surface of agar plates without a feeder layer. A total of 271 Dexr variants were investigated, and 90% of them turned out to lack detectable steroid receptor whereas 10% have receptor with, in most cases, a normal affinity for the steroid hormone. Most of this latter class of variants, however, have reduced amounts of receptor and the receptor of all of them displayed altered nuclear binding characteristics. None of the five investigated lymphoid cell lines yielded a Dexr variant with a normal receptor. These results confirm the idea that the high incidence of receptor variant may be due, at least in part, to the haploid state of a gene coding for the receptors. In cell fusion experiments it could be shown that Dexs is dominant over Dexr, but that a Dexr a-lele in a tetraploid cell can lead to an increased frequency of steroid resistance.
Mol Cell Endocrinol 1978 Apr
PMID:General features of steroid resistance on lymphoid cell lines. 56 27

Regulation of replicative functions in the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome is mediated through activation of a virally encoded transcription factor, Z (BZLF1). We have shown that the Z gene product, which binds to AP-1 sites as a homodimer and has sequence similarity to c-Fos, can efficiently activate the EBV early promoter, BMRF1, in certain cell types (i.e., HeLa cells) but not others (i.e., Jurkat cells). Here we demonstrate that the c-myb proto-oncogene product, which is itself a DNA-binding protein and transcriptional transactivator, can interact synergistically with Z in activating the BMRF1 promoter in Jurkat cells (a T-cell line) or Raji cells (an EBV-positive B-cell), whereas the c-myb gene product by itself has little effect. The simian virus 40 early promoter is also synergistically activated by the Z/c-myb combination. Synergistic transactivation of the BMRF1 promoter by the Z/c-myb combination appears to involve direct binding by the Z protein but not the c-myb protein. A 30-bp sequence in the BMRF1 promoter which contains a Z binding site (a consensus AP-1 site) is sufficient to transfer high-level lymphoid-specific responsiveness to the Z/c-myb combination to a heterologous promoter. That the c-myb oncogene product can interact synergistically with an EBV-encoded member of the leucine zipper protein family suggests c-myb is likely to engage in similar interactions with cellularly encoded transcription factors.
Mol Cell Biol 1992 Jan
PMID:The cellular oncogene c-myb can interact synergistically with the Epstein-Barr virus BZLF1 transactivator in lymphoid cells. 130 87

Heparin is required for the binding of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) to high-affinity receptors on cells deficient in cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan. So that this heparin requirement could be evaluated in the absence of other cell surface molecules, we designed a simple assay based on a genetically engineered soluble form of murine FGF receptor 1 (mFR1) tagged with placental alkaline phosphatase. Using this assay, we showed that FGF-receptor binding has an absolute requirement for heparin. By using a cytokine-dependent lymphoid cell line engineered to express mFR1, we also showed that FGF-induced mitogenic activity is heparin dependent. Furthermore, we tested a series of small heparin oligosaccharides of defined lengths for their abilities to support bFGF-receptor binding and biologic activity. We found that a heparin oligosaccharide with as few as eight sugar residues is sufficient to support these activities. We also demonstrated that heparin facilitates FGF dimerization, a property that may be important for receptor activation.
Mol Cell Biol 1992 Jan
PMID:Heparin is required for cell-free binding of basic fibroblast growth factor to a soluble receptor and for mitogenesis in whole cells. 130 90

An in vitro model, called the Membrane Invasion Culture System (MICS), was used to study the invasive potential of an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL), an EBV-negative Burkitt lymphoma (BL) cell line of American origin and an EBV-positive BL of African origin. MICS measured the ability of these cell lines to invade reconstituted basement membrane-coated filters, which correlated with their tumorigenic and metastatic capabilities in a SCID mouse model. Furthermore, the significantly greater invasive behaviour of the EBV-positive LCL was directly correlated with the cells' ability to express and secrete human type IV collagenase (72 kDa), an important metalloproteinase responsible for the degradation of collagen IV in basement membranes. The data suggest that MICS and the SCID mouse are useful tests of tumorigenicity in lymphoid cells, with measurable effects in both systems related to human type IV collagenase activity. Both models allow further exploration of malignant phenotypes associated with EBV transformation of lymphoid tissues.
Mol Cell Probes 1992 Feb
PMID:Expression of type IV collagenase correlates with the invasion of human lymphoblastoid cell lines and pathogenesis in SCID mice. 131 23

Irradiated mice reconstituted with bone marrow cells infected with a retrovirus carrying the bcr-abl oncogene of human chronic myeloid leukemia are subject to a range of neoplastic hematopoietic diseases, both myeloid and lymphoid. Comparison of DBA/2 and C57BL/6 mice has revealed a marked strain difference in susceptibility to the various tumor types. The present study, performed with BALB/c mice, indicates that the kinetics and nature of the induced disease can be modulated by the infection procedure, as well as the genetic background, and that retroviral regulatory sequences may influence the outcome. A distinctive clonal myeloproliferative disorder, somewhat akin to chronic myeloid leukemia but with prominent erythroid and mast cell components, as well as granulocytic excess, was characterized.
Mol Cell Biol 1992 Apr
PMID:Hematologic disease induced in BALB/c mice by a bcr-abl retrovirus is influenced by the infection conditions. 131 70


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