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Query: UNIPROT:P06889 (Mol)
 630,302 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. Mice were infected with fertile bisexual Schistosoma mansoni and compared with similar animals infected with unisexual worms or sterile bisexual worms. 2. A significant increase in splenic weight occurred in all infected animals. 3. Administration of well-tolerated doses of 6-mercaptopurine abolished the increase in relative splenic weight in animals infected with ordinary S. mansoni. 4. In splenectomized uninfected mice leucocytosis but no other haematological changes developed. 5. In splenectomized mice lower values for packed cell volume were observed 8 weeks after, but not 12 weeks after, infection with S. mansoni. 6. Slight prolongation of the life-span of erythrocytes occurred in splenectomized infected mice. 7. It is concluded that anaemia in schistosomiasis depends to a significant extent on immunity developed to adult schistosomal worms and can develop in the absense of schistosomal ova. 8. The anaemia resulting from such an immune response may be suppressed by administration of 6-mercaptopurine. 9. Such anaemia occurs even in splenectomized mice; thus hypersplenism is not necessary for its development although splenectomy slightly prolongs the erythrocyte life-span.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1978 Apr
PMID:The causation of splenomegaly in schistosomiasis in mice. 63 70

The wild type nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, moves in a sinusoidal wave pattern and leaves sinusoidal paths behind it on a bacterial lawn. The nematode crawls on its side on a special cuticular tread that extends straight down the length of its body. Wild type worms also have rows of musculature and a ventral nerve cord that extend straight down the body. Roller mutants rotate around their long axis as they crawl and move in circular paths. Three roller mutants have been studied. Two mutants are left rollers and one is a right roller. The left rollers have left-handed helical treads, body musculatures, and ventral nerve cords whereas these structures are right-handed helices in the right roller. Double mutants constructed from roller mutants and long mutants indicate that long rollers have helices of the same pitch as normal length rollers. Double mutants constructed from rollers and dumpy mutants that are short and fat indicate dumpy phenotype is epistatic to roller. Double mutants constructed from rollers and blister mutants that have cuticular swelling indicate roller phenotype is epistatic to blister. The results suggest that the roller phenotypes are due to cuticular lesions. Rollers can chemotaxe up a gradient of an attractant by turning off their body muscle movement and continuing their head movements.
Mol Gen Genet 1977 Jan 07
PMID:Roller mutants of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. 83 77

Recently, we reported the presence of a putative transglutaminase in adult female worms of Brugia malayi [1]. The enzyme activity was shown to be essential for in utero growth and development of microfilariae. Here, we demonstrate that adult worms of B. malayi have a large amount of epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine isopeptide bonds, a product of physiologically active transglutaminase. A 25-kDa immunoreactive band detected in female worm extracts by a monospecific monoclonal antibody (CUB 7401) against guinea pig liver transglutaminase was associated with the enzymatic activity. Unlike the mammalian enzyme, the parasite enzyme did not require Ca2+ for its catalytic activity. Furthermore, in utero developing embryos, especially during early stages of development, contained very high amounts of this enzyme. Adult female worms contained several proteins that could serve as suitable substrates for the enzyme. Inhibition of the enzyme activity by an enzyme-specific pseudosubstrate, monodansylcadaverine, led to a time- and dose-dependent inhibition of microfilariae production and release by gravid female worms. The inhibition of microfilariae production was due to the inhibition of transglutaminase-catalyzed crosslinking of parasite proteins that in turn seemed to be essential for in utero growth and development of the embryos. The results suggest that transglutaminase-catalyzed reactions may play an important role during early development of embryos to mature microfilariae inside the adult female worms of filarial parasites.
Mol Biochem Parasitol 1992 Jul
PMID:Identification of a novel transglutaminase from the filarial parasite Brugia malayi and its role in growth and development. 135 28

The protein product of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene, p110RB1, is a nuclear phosphoprotein [W.H. Lee, J.Y. Shew, F.D. Hong, T.W. Sery, L.A. Donoso, L.J. Young, R. Bookstein, and E.Y. Lee, Nature (London) 329:642-645, 1987] with properties of a cell cycle regulator (K. Buchkovich, L.A. Duffy, and E. Harlow, Cell 58:1097-1105, 1989; P.L. Chen, P. Scully, J.Y. Shew, J.Y. Wang, and W.H. Lee, Cell 58:1193-1198, 1989; J.A. DeCaprio, J.W. Ludlow, D. Lynch, Y. Furukawa, J. Griffin, H. Piwnica-Worms, C.M. Huang, and D.M. Livingston, Cell 58:1085-1095, 1989; and K. Mihara, X.R. Cao, A. Yen, S. Chandler, B. Driscoll, A.L. Murphree, A. TAng, and Y.K. Fung, Science 246:1300-1303, 1989). Although the mechanism of action of p110RB1 remains unknown, several lines of evidence suggest that it plays a role in the regulation of transcription. We now show that overexpression of p110RB1 causes repression of the adenovirus early promoter EIIaE and the promoters of two cellular genes, c-myc and RB1, both of which contain E2F-binding motifs. Mutation of the E2 element in the c-myc promoter abolishes p110RB1 repression. We also demonstrate that a p110RB1 mutant, which is refractory to cell cycle phosphorylation but intact in E1a/large T antigen-binding properties, represses EIIaE with 50- to 80-fold greater efficiency than wild-type p110RB1. These data provide evidence that hypophosphorylated p110RB1 actively represses expression of genes with promoters containing the E2F-binding motif (E2 element).
Mol Cell Biol 1992 Aug
PMID:Transcriptional repression of the E2-containing promoters EIIaE, c-myc, and RB1 by the product of the RB1 gene. 138 53

Reproductive performances of female hamsters were investigated during Ancylostoma ceylanicum (hookworm) infection. Animals having the highest levels of infection (34.96 +/- 1.11 worms) showed degenerative changes in the reproductive system. Ovaries of infected animals contained a few primary or secondary follicles. On cocaging with males of proven fertility, only 7-8% (80% in controls) of the infected females mated but did not conceive as evidenced by the absence of corpora lutea or implantation sites on day 10 postcoitum. Animals with low worm burdens (5.94 +/- 0.65 worms), however, showed almost normal fertility. The uterine weight bioassay and compensatory ovarian hypertrophy suggest strong suppression of pituitary gonadotrophin contents in infected females. Resorptive effects on the pregnancy outcome of infected female hamsters were also recorded.
Exp Mol Pathol 1992 Aug
PMID:Ancylostoma ceylanicum infection in female hamsters: an observation on altered reproductive function. 139 90

Antibody raised against the major eggshell protein of Fasciola hepatica (vitelline protein B, vpB) is employed to isolate cDNAs from an expression library and to localize the protein in whole worms. Two cDNAs corresponding to the protein are homologous through the N-terminal and C-terminal coding regions and widely divergent internally. No repeated regions are apparent and no significant sequence homology is seen with chorion proteins of other genera although the amino acid composition closely reflects that of other chorion proteins. Microheterogeneity observed in the vpB is due to the presence of multiple coding sequences, transcripts and a gradient of post-translational modification. Relative transcription of the vpB mRNA throughout the female reproductive tract is demonstrated.
Mol Biochem Parasitol 1992 Sep
PMID:Eggshell precursor proteins of Fasciola hepatica, I. Structure and expression of vitelline protein B. 143 54

Crude extracts of hycanthone sensitive Schistosoma mansoni incubated at 37 degrees C in the presence of ATP and Mg2+ induced the covalent binding of tritiated hycanthone (HC) to macromolecules. The same behavior was shown by the HC sensitive species, Schistosoma rodhaini, whereas two independently isolated HC resistant S. mansoni strains had no detectable activity. Sensitive male schistosomes had more activity than females or immature worms. Virtually no activity was present in mouse liver, in human liver, in HeLa cells or in the naturally resistant species Schistosoma japonicum. The activity was destroyed by boiling or by Proteinase K treatment. Covalent binding of tritiated HC to macromolecules could be inhibited by cold HC, oxamniquine or IA-4, while none of the in vitro ineffective analogs, like lucanthone, UK-3883 or 4-desmethyl lucanthone, were inhibitory. These results strongly support the previously advanced suggestion that HC is activated by enzymatic mechanisms which are present only in drug sensitive schistosomes.
Mol Biochem Parasitol 1992 Oct
PMID:Hycanthone resistance in schistosomes correlates with the lack of an enzymatic activity which produces the covalent binding of hycanthone to parasite macromolecules. 143 68

We have isolated and characterized a gene encoding a novel GTP-binding protein of the GTPase superfamily in the filarial parasites Brugia malayi and Onchocerca volvulus. The deduced amino acid sequence of the cloned molecule has approximately 30% overall homology to ras proteins and approximately 90% homology to the 'ras-like' nuclear proteins TC4, ran and Spil. Rabbit antisera to bacterially expressed filarial protein detect a 24-22 kDa doublet in extracts of adult B. malayi and mature microfilariae, which is absent from immature microfilariae. Increased expression of the native parasite protein occurs when worms are cultured in the presence of epidermal growth factor.
Mol Biochem Parasitol 1992 Dec
PMID:Filarial parasites contain a ras homolog of the TC4/ran/Spil family. 148 50

The complete coding DNA for a Schistosoma mansoni homologue of the epidermal growth factor receptor (SER) was characterized from cDNA clones obtained by homology to the tyrosine kinase domain of erbB. The DNA sequence predicts a 200-kDa translation product that contains a secretory leader, a cysteine-rich extracellular domain, a hydrophobic transmembrane sequence, and an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain. The SER transcript is present in cercariae and adult schistosomes. In addition to SER transcripts, schistosomes produce at least 3 variant transcripts encoding truncated SER products that include the secretory leader and a small portion of the extracellular domain followed by short sequences of unrelated, C-terminal amino acids. Based on these sequences, 2 of the variant mRNAs (class 2 and 5) appear to encode soluble, secreted proteins while one (class 4) encodes an SER variant protein with a hydrophobic C-terminus that may serve as a membrane anchor. Class 2 SER variant transcripts are present at levels comparable to SER transcripts in adult worms but are not detected in cercariae. Class 4 and 5 SER variant transcripts are also found within adult worms but at lower levels. Genomic cloning and characterization demonstrate that the variant SER transcripts arise through alternative splicing of the SER gene.
Mol Biochem Parasitol 1992 Jul
PMID:Alternative splicing of the Schistosoma mansoni gene encoding a homologue of epidermal growth factor receptor. 150 37

The biochemical nature and relationship between the different isoforms of acetylcholinesterase (AChEs) secreted by adult Nippostrongylus brasiliensis was investigated, primarily via staining for enzyme activity and active-site labelling with [3H]-diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). Analysis by 1-dimensional SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions revealed the existence of 2 proteins of 74-kDa and 39-kDa, and each protein resolved as 2 species by isoelectric focusing. Both AChEs were co-purified via affinity chromatography on 9-[N beta-(epsilon-aminocaproyl)-beta-aminopropylamino]-acridine-coupled Sepharose 6B, and utilised to raise a polyclonal rabbit antiserum. Examination of the expression of secretory AChEs by adult worms during their residence in the gastrointestinal tract showed that the initial secretion of both forms on day 4 post-infection switched to predominant secretion of the 39-kDa protein by day 8. Immunoprecipitation of 35S-labelled products of in vitro translation via RNA from day 4 and day 8 worms predicted a single primary translation product of 59 kDa. These data suggested that the 'switching' event seen in vivo most likely corresponded to processing of the 74-kDa molecule. This interpretation was supported by limited digestion with V8 protease and chymotrypsin, which showed that the 74-kDa and the 39-kDa proteins possessed structural similarities.
Mol Biochem Parasitol 1992 Jul
PMID:Characterisation of the secretory acetylcholinesterases from adult Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. 150 47


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