Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P06889 (Mol)
 630,302 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. Pteroylmonoglutamic acid (PteGlu) absorption has been measured by using the technique of small-intestinal perfusion with tritiated PteGlu in normal subjects and in patients with coeliac disease. 2. At similar intrajejunal pH, patients with untreated coeliac disease have significantly less PTEGlu than normal subjects and patients with treated coeliac disease. 3. The "resting" pH in the jejunum did not differ markedly between normal subjects and patients with coeliac disease. 4. Increasing pH decreased PteGlu absorption in patients with coeliac disease and in normal subjects. 5. These findings suggest that PteGlu malabsorption in coeliac disease is not due to abnormally high pH in the jejunum.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1976 Oct
PMID:The effect of pH on folic acid absorption in man. 0 22

1. Reduced activities of four enzymes from brush borders were found in intestianl biopsies from patients with untreated coeliac disease. The activities returned towards control values after treatment by gluten withdrawal. Parallel changes were noted for the cytosol enzyme lactate dehydrogenase. 2. Measurement of brush-border integrity by differential centrifugation of biopsy extracts indicated increased fragility of the brush borders in biopsies from untreated patients. Normal values were obtained for biopsies from treated patients. 3. Increased activites of six acid hydrolases (lysosomal enzymes) were found in biopsies from untreated coeliac patients. Normal values were obtained for biopsies from treated patients. 4. Assement of lysosomal integrity by assay of latent N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and of sedimentable activity of four acid hydrolases demonstrated increased lysosomal fragility in untreated coeliac mucosa. These lysosomal changes return to within the normal range after treatment by gluten withdrawal. 5. The lysosomal changes are consistent with their having a pathogenic role in the enterocyte damage of coeliac disease. Possible mechanisms for the lysosomal changes are discussed.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1975 Apr
PMID:Enzyme activities and properties of lysosomes and brush borders in jejunal biopsies from control subjects and patients with coeliac disease. 16 30

1. Jejunal biopsies from five patients with non-responsive coeliac disease have been subjected to analytical subcellular fractionation and enzymic microassay in order to compare the organelle pathology of this group with untreated but glutensensitive patients. 2. Compared with the gluten-sensitive group these non-responsive patients showed marked reduction of the endoplasmic reticulum enzymes, normal activities of lysosomal enzymes and slightly less severely reduced brush border activities. 3. It is suggested that the present biochemical studies in combination with previous clinical reports and measurements of DNA and protein synthesis by cultured mucosal biopsies delineate non-responsive coeliac disease as a distinct entity. 4. The patients were treated with oral prednisolone (20 mg daily) for between 5 and 9 weeks and the properties of the jejunal biopsies restudied. 5. Although morphologically there was only a partial restoration of the villus architecture the enzymic alterations and organelle abnormalities returned essentially to normal values.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1978 Sep
PMID:Analytical subcellular fractionation of jejunal biopsy specimens: enzyme activities, organelle pathology and response to corticosteroids in patients with non-responsive coeliac disease. 69 5

1. Oral loads have been used to assess the permeability of the human gastrointestinal tract, with lactulose (mol. wt. 342), raffinose (mol. wt. 504), stachyose (mol. wt. 666) and a fluoresceinlabelled dextran (mol. wt. 3000) as marker substances. Timed urinary recovery of these substances, which are not metabolized, was measured by quantitative paper chromatography and direct fluorimetry, and the results were used as an indication of passive intestinal permeability. 2. Results in healthy adults showed that permeability to these markers was dependent on molecular size, even after correction for aqueous diffusion differences, such that a profile of restricted permeability could be described for this range of markers. Interpretation in terms of conventional pore theory suggested the presence of more than one population of pores. 3. Ingestion of solutions made hyperosmotic by inclusion of glycerol resulted in a large increase in permeability, in a pattern that suggested an increase in either the size or frequency of a range of smaller pores. 4. A similar increase in permeability and alteration in the profile of restriction was found in patients with coeliac disease. 5. The possible location of such pores in the gastrointestinal mucosa is discussed in relation to the cell membrane, the intercellular junction, and the sites of cell exfoliation.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1978 May
PMID:Effect of hyperosmolar stimuli and coeliac disease on the permeability of the human gastrointestinal tract. 75 Jan 51

1. Total body potassium was measured, by wholebody counting, in children with coeliac disease and in children not having this disease, matched as closely as possible with respect to sex, height, weight and age. 2. The measured total body potassium in children with coeliac disease was not significantly different from that in the matched children. 3. The problems associated with such measurements, particularly those of interpretation, are considered.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1975 Aug
PMID:Total body potassium in children, with particular reference to coeliac disease. 114 4

1. The combination of a wire-mesh support with the roller-tube technique is described as a procedure for the culture of human jejunal mucosa in vitro. 2. The technique has been applied to fragments (approximately 10 mg) of jejunal biopsies from both normal subjects and patients with coeliac disease. 3. The cultured tissue has been shown by radio-autography to incorporate [3H]leucine into proteins of the villus epithelial cells and [3H]thymidine into nucleic acid, predominantly by the enteroblasts. 4. Although the tissue protein DNA contents fall during culture, it was found that the combined tissue and medium DNA content remained constant during culture and may be used as a reference for enzyme and biochemical studies on cultured intestinal biopsies.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1976 May
PMID:Biochemical and morphological studies on human jejunal mucosa maintained in culture. 127 50

Endothelial characteristics and the macrophage foam cell nature of early naturally occurring lesions in the aorta and coronaries of the pigeon have been well characterized. However, the characteristics of pigeon atherosclerosis at other vascular sites have not been extensively studied. The present study was designed to compare atherosclerosis in the brachiocephalic artery with that in the coronaries and aorta. Forty-six White Carneau (WC) pigeons (26 female, 20 male) ranging in age from 2.5 to 7 years were necropsied after fixation under deep anesthesia by perfusion at 160 mm Hg with buffered glutaraldehyde. Arteries stained with Sudan IV for gross evaluation were subsequently processed for SEM and TEM. The occurrence of sudanophilia in the proximal brachiocephalic artery was greater in females (22/26) than in male (2/20). The endothelium, as studied by SEM, was intact over all normal and sudanophilic areas. Cell morphology varied with location in the vessel and gradually changed from polygonally shaped cells with prominent margins and protruding nuclei in the proximal brachiocephalic artery to elongated, flattened cells in distal regions. These regional differences were consistently observed, and did not correlate with age, gender, or areas of lipid accumulation. Unlike lesions in the coronary arteries and at the celiac bifurcation of the aorta, a relative paucity of white blood cells over diffuse sudanophilic areas was observed. This lack of adherent monocytes correlated with lesion ultrastructure. Connective tissue in the intima of the sudanophilic brachiocephalic arteries was disorganized, reflecting both an increase in matrix components and the presence of massive pools of extracellular lipid. Intracellular lipid was minimal and when present was confined to random droplets in the cytoplasm of intimal smooth muscle cells. Monocyte-derived foam cells, characteristic to other vascular beds, were absent from the brachiocephalic artery lesions. These results document differential lesion composition in the WC pigeons and suggest a gender-related susceptibility for brachiocephalic artery atherosclerosis in pigeons.
Exp Mol Pathol 1991 Apr
PMID:Morphologic characteristics of naturally occurring atherosclerosis in the brachiocephalic artery of the pigeon. 202 38

This review describes the modulation of the GABAa receptor by steroid hormones and barbiturates and proposes guidelines for further research. Having examined the complex organization of the GABAa receptor complex and the multiple allosteric interactions between its drug and transmitter/modulator binding sites, the possibility that conformational changes of the receptor molecule may explain most of its characteristics is explored. On the basis of considerable evidence, we propose that the GABAa receptor may adopt as many as five different conformations. However, the heterogeneity of central GABAa receptor binding cannot only be explained by different configurations of a single protein. It also has been shown that different GABAa receptor subtypes exist within different brain regions. These receptor subtypes may differ from each other in their subunit composition. By describing the GABAa receptor as a macromolecular complex that may adopt different conformations and whose subunit composition may vary, it becomes possible to understand the molecular mechanisms by which steroid hormones modulate the receptor. This has led to two models of hormone actions. A first model addresses the direct effects that steroids exert on the GABAa receptor and predicts that steroid hormones may cause the conformation of the receptor complex to change between active and inactive states. A second model, which addresses the observed heterogeneity of GABAa receptor binding within the brain, suggests that steroid hormones may change the expression of the different subunits of the receptor complex by acting at the genomic level. This review complements other recent reviews describing the modulation of the GABAa receptor (Olsen and Venter, 1986; Gee, 1988).
Mol Neurobiol 1989
PMID:Steroid and barbiturate modulation of the GABAa receptor. Possible mechanisms. 256 Sep 20

To investigate the molecular basis for reno-renal interactions, Northern blot analyses of sympathetic ganglia were used to study the changes in levels of mRNA encoding tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and c-fos at 4, 14, 21, and 56 days after denervation of the left kidney, and of c-fos mRNA at 1 and 4 h after denervation. Ganglia included in the study were right and left paravertebral chain ganglia (PVG, T11 to L2), celiac-mesenteric plexus (CMP), and right and left superior cervical ganglia (SCG). Levels of TH mRNA in the left PVG and CMP were decreased at 4 and 14 days compared to controls. Levels were elevated at 21 days and similar to control levels at 56 days. In the right PVG, TH mRNA levels were elevated at 4 and 14 days, diminished from this elevated level at 21 days, and similar to control levels at 56 days. No differences were found in TH mRNA levels of left or right SCG compared to controls. In long-term experiments (days), no differences in NPY or c-fos mRNA levels were found in any of the ganglia from experimental rats compared to controls. Levels of c-fos mRNA in the left PVG and CMP were decreased at 1 hour compared to control levels. By 4 h, differences in mRNA levels were no longer apparent. In the right PVG, c-fos mRNA levels were elevated at 1 hour and no longer different from control levels at 4 h. No differences were found in c-fos mRNA levels of left or right SCG compared to controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Brain Res Mol Brain Res 1993 Sep
PMID:Effects of renal denervation and reinnervation on ganglionic gene expression of neurotransmitter proteins and c-fos in rat. 769 30

We investigated soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), soluble CD8 (sCD8) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) levels in the sera of patients with non-malignant diseases believed to have an autoimmune or immunosuppressive component, Crohn's disease, celiac disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Sera of healthy blood donors served as controls. All samples were analyzed by commercial ELISA kits for sIL-2R, sCD8, and sICAM-1. Our control level of sIL-2R (x +/- S.D) was 395 +/- 84 units/ml, sCD8 (x +/- S.D.) 263 +/- 90 units/ml and sICAM-1 405 +/- 118 ng/ml. The 8 Crohn's disease patients had an average sIL-2R level of 920 +/- 329 units/ml, and an average sCD8 level of 355 +/- 91 units/ml, and sICAM-1 952 +/- 329 ng/ml. The four celiac disease patients had an average sIL-2R concentration of 1740 +/- 1071 units/ml, a sCD8 level of 460 +/- 320 units/ml and sICAM-1 1221 +/- 720 ng/ml. The three systemic lupus erythematosus patients had an average sIL-2R of 1023 +/- 123 units/ml, and an average sCD8 of 395 +/- 69 units/ml, and sICAM-1 1153 +/- 219 ng/ml. Thus, sIL-2R and sICAM-1 were significantly elevated over control levels in all 3 patient groups, and sCD8 was mildly elevated. These results indicate enhanced immune activation which may be a common feature in the onset and/or progression of these idiopathic illnesses.
Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol 1995 Jan
PMID:Serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor, soluble CD8 and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 levels in Crohn's disease, celiac disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus. 773 26


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