Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P06126 (CD1a)
 2,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Macrophages play important roles in immunity and inflammation, and in allergic, granulomatous and neoplastic diseases. Here, we present the indepth results of an ongoing study of macrophage differentiation pathways in cutaneous macrophage disorders and in vitro. Up to now, a total of 40 cases of cutaneous macrophage disorders (histiocytoses and granulomas) and related diseases were examined using a panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to macrophage differentiation antigens (mAb MS-1, mAb alpha CD1a, mAb alpha CD34, mAb RM 3/1, mAb alpha CD11c, mAb alpha CD36, mAb MAC 387, mAb 27E10, polyclonal antibodies alpha MRP-8 and -14, mAb alpha CD68, mAb 25F9, mAb DRC1-R4/23, and mAb 1F10). Of these, MS-1 high molecular weight protein, synthesized by non-continuous sinusoidal endothelial cells and highly dendritic perivascular macrophages in normal human organs, is the most specific macrophage differentiation marker. MS-1 high molecular weight protein is selectively expressed by cutaneous non-Langerhans cell histocytoses, and proves to be a valuable diagnostic tool for these diseases. MS-1 high molecular weight protein is not found in Langerhans cell histiocytosis cells, epithelioid cells in sarcoidosis, and palisading histiocytes in granuloma annulare. MS-1+ macrophages may be found intermingled in cellular type dermatofibroma and in foreign body granulomas; they differ from MS-1+ non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis cells by their highly dendritic morphology, and thus rather resemble the MS-1+ macrophages in normal skin. RM 3/1 antigen shows a similar, but broader expression pattern including non-Langerhans cell histiocytoses, xanthelasmata palpebrarum, foreign body granulomas, granuloma annulare, and cellular type dermatofibroma. Moreover, xanthelasmata palpebrarum paradigmatically represent a class of macrophage lesions with strong RM 3/1, but little MS-1 antigen expression. In sarcoidosis, RM 3/1+ macrophages are only found at the very periphery of epithelioid cell granulomas. In contrast, 25F9 antigen is strongly and consistently expressed in epithelioid cells of sarcoidosis, and in foreign body granulomas. In cultured human monocytes/macrophages, RM 3/1 antigen is expressed early on, while MS-1 high molecular weight protein and 25F9 antigen are late and very late macrophage differentiation antigens, respectively. Expression of RM 3/1 antigen and MS-1 high molecular weight protein is inducible by glucocorticoid and interleukin-4, and less so by interleukin-13 and interleukin-10, and combinations thereof, while 25F9 antigen seems to be less influenced by these agents. Interferon-gamma (and less so tumor necrosis factor-alpha) inhibit expression of all three antigens in cultured human monocytes/macrophages.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Dissection of macrophage differentiation pathways in cutaneous macrophage disorders and in vitro. 774 70

The immunophenotype of 6 cases of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) of the hypothalamus and 3 cases of cranial bone manifestation of LCH was investigated by means of immunohistochemistry on paraffin sections. Antibodies against S 100 protein, lysozyme, CD68 (PG-M1), CD68 (KP1), HLA-DR, beta 2 microglobulin, placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP), the monoclonal antibody MAC 387, and a monoclonal antibody against CD1a were used. All examined cases showed positive staining of lesional cells for S 100 protein, HLA-DR, beta 2 microglobulin, macrophage associated markers and CD1a. According to the "confidence levels" of the Writing Group of the Histiocyte Society [Chu et al. 1987], a "definite diagnosis" of LCH requires the demonstration either of Birbeck granules in lesional cells by electron microscopy, or of CD1a antigenic determinants on the surface of lesional cells. Since electron microscopy of these rare CNS lesions is not possible in many cases, we are now able to give a definite diagnosis of LCH of the hypothalamus by means of immunohistochemistry for CD1 a on routinely fixed and processed tissue.
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PMID:Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the hypothalamus: diagnostic value of immunohistochemistry. 892 2

Since dendritic cells (DCs) are the most professional antigen-presenting cells, (Schuler et al., 1997), increasing interest in their use in clinical approaches has been observed. (Nestle et al., 1998; Murphy G. et al., 1996). We have developed an ex vivo standardized process for the generation of dendritic-like cells (MAC-DCs) from human blood circulating monocytes. Human monocytes can differentiate into very different functional cells according to the conditions of culture, media and cytokines used. In the present study, we demonstrate that both pure monocytes and mononuclear cells differentiate into DCs when they are grown in defined medium AIM-V in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) plus IL13 and in approved biocompatible non-adherent bags. Quality and functional controls of the immature DCs obtained rely on bacterial sterility, viability, morphology and recovery. The MAC-DCs also present an immature DC phenotype with a low expression of CD14 and CD64, and high expression of MHC-I, MHC-II and CD40. They also express B7 costimulatory molecules (CD80, CD86), CD83, and CD1a molecules. They induce strong allogenic T-cell proliferation (mixed lymphocyte reaction as well as proliferation of autologous memory T lymphocytes when incubated in the presence of recall antigens (tuberculosis, Candida albicans, and tetanus toxoid). They also show an increase in phagocytic uptake of yeast, tumour cells and debris. The global closed system which, under reproducible good medical practice (GMP) conditions, enables the production of dendritic cells of clinical quality, has been optimized ("Vac Cell Processor"). It contains all bags, connections, media, reagents, washing solutions, control antibodies, standard operating procedures, data management, traceability and help in the form of dedicated software.
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PMID:Monocyte-derived dendritic cells: development of a cellular processor for clinical applications. 985 16

In 1952, Kuske reported on a patient with a peculiar tumor on the dorsum of the right hand; histological analysis revealed a dense dermal infiltrate with numerous eosinophils. Not aware of any similar case report in the literature, he coined the descriptive term "tumor-like eosinophilic granuloma of the skin." In 1995, a 55-year-old white man with cancer of the prostate presented with a 4-month history of two reddish-brown, solid skin tumors on his left forearm and on the right side of his abdomen, respectively. Histologic examination revealed a dense, superficial and deep, tumorlike dermal inflammatory infiltrate consisting mainly of eosinophils as well as neutrophils and in part epithelioid, in part foamy histiocytes. Flame figures were absent. Immunohistochemical analysis was negative for S-100 protein, whereas sporadic cells in the infiltrate were CD1a positive and many mononuclear-histiocytic cells reacted with MAC 387. Stains as well as cultures for bacteria, mycobacteria, and fungi were negative. The descriptive diagnosis of tumorlike eosinophilic granuloma of the skin was made. Seven weeks after prostatectomy, both tumors resolved spontaneously and so far has not recurred. In our opinion, this is the second report of Kuske's tumorlike eosinophilic granuloma of the skin. Perhaps tumorlike eosinophilic granuloma of the skin, eosinophilic ulcer of the mucosa, and transient eosinophilic nodulomatosis should be considered a mucocutaneous reaction pattern as is seen in cats. In humans, hypersensitivity reactions or atopy could emerge as an etiological link.
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PMID:Tumorlike eosinophilic granuloma of the skin. 1069 22