Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P06126 (CD1a)
 2,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

At the ISAC 2000 Congress, the Clinical Cytometry Society organized a meeting of international experts to reach consensus on the minimum number of antibodies required for a full evaluation of hematologic and lymphoid neoplasias. A questionnaire was distributed prior to the meeting to numerous experts from US and European institutions and 13 responses were received. At the meeting, 25 individuals, including most of those who returned responses, participated in the discussions and voted on the issues presented. In chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (CLD), 9 antibodies (anti-CD5, CD19, kappa, lambda, CD3, CD20, CD23, CD10, and CD45) were deemed essential for initial evaluation by 75% of the participants. There was near unanimity that additional markers (selected from CD22, FMC7, CD11c, CD103, CD38, CD25, CD79b and heavy chains for B-cell disorders, and CD4, CD7, CD8, CD2, CD56, CD16, TCRa/b, and TCRg/d for T-cell disorders) would be needed to fully characterize CLD, although not every marker would be useful in all cases. Tissue lymphomas were believed to be similar to CLD, needing a minimum of 12--16 markers. However, for some cases, CD30, bcl-2, TdT, CD71, CD1a, and CD34 were cited as useful by the participants. Markers mentioned for plasma cell disorders included kappa, lambda, CD38, CD45, CD56, CD19, CD20, CD138, and heavy chains. Of 17 voting participants, 16 agreed that between 5 to 8 markers would be essential reagents for plasma cell disorders. For acute leukemia (AL), 10 markers (CD10, CD19, CD13, CD33, CD34, CD45, CD7, CD14, CD3, and HLADR) were considered essential by 75% of participants for initial characterization of the leukemia lineage. Most (>75%) agreed that at least one more B (CD20, CD22, CD79a, IgM), T (CD1a, CD2, CD4, CD5, CD8), myeloid (CD11b, CD15, CD64, CD117, myeloperoxidase), erythroid (CD36, CD71, glycophorin A), and megakaryocytic (CD41, CD61) reagents should be included in the essential panel. However, there was no agreement as to which was optimal. Thus, approximately 13--15 of those reagents would be considered essential in all cases of AL, whereas others (CD16, CD56, CDw65, TdT, and cytoplasmic CD3) were mentioned as useful in some cases. Almost all voting participants believed that the appropriate number of markers for complete characterization of AL would average 20--24. The majority of the responders (11 of 13) indicated that fewer reagents could be used in monitoring or staging patients with previously characterized disease, but not all ventured a specific number of reagents. From the above results, we conclude that the phenotypic analysis of hematologic and lymphoid neoplasia requires a rather extensive panel of reagents. Supplementary reagents might even be necessary if they prove to become relevant for diagnostic purposes. Reducing the number of antibodies could significantly compromise the diagnostic accuracy, appropriate monitoring, or therapy of these disorders.
 ...
PMID:Optimal number of reagents required to evaluate hematolymphoid neoplasias: results of an international consensus meeting. 1124 3

Erythema toxicum neonatorum is a benign rash of unknown etiology, present to various degrees in most term newborns and characterized by an accumulation of eosinophils in dermal lesions. The recruitment of leukocytes to tissues implicates the involvement of adhesion molecules, cytokines, and chemokines. We therefore performed immunohistochemistry on punch biopsy specimens from cutaneous lesions of ten 1-day-old infants with erythema toxicum using specific monoclonal antibodies directed against a variety of adhesion molecules, cytokines, chemokines, and cell type-specific membrane markers. Biopsy specimens of noninflamed skin from four matched newborns and four adults served as controls. The immunohistologic features of erythema toxicum in all 10 infants included a strong staining of the adhesion molecule E-selectin in the vessel wall and the presence of numerous inflammatory cells that were identified as dendritic cells (CD1a, CD83, HLA-DR, CD40, and ICAM-1 positive), eosinophils (EG2 positive), neutrophils (CD15 positive), macrophages (CD14, CD68, and Mac387 positive), and E-selectin-expressing cells. Furthermore, the lesions showed a high incidence of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1alpha and IL-1beta and of the chemokines IL-8 and eotaxin. This immunologic activity was reduced or absent in noninflamed skin from newborn controls and adults. We conclude that there is an accumulation and activation of immune cells in the lesions of erythema toxicum, also present in noninflamed skin of 1-day-old infants, but to a lower level. The physiologic significance of the rash remains to be elucidated.
 ...
PMID:Erythema toxicum neonatorum: an immunohistochemical analysis. 1143 96

The generation of erythroid, myeloid, and lymphoid cells from human fetal liver progenitors was studied in colony-forming cell (CFC) assays. CD38(-) and CD38(+) progenitors that expressed high levels of CD34 were grown in serum-deprived medium supplemented with kit ligand, flk2/flt3 ligand, GM-CSF, c-mpl ligand, erythropoietin, and IL-15. The resulting colonies were individually analyzed by flow cytometry. CD56(+) NK cells were detected in 21.9 and 9.9% of colonies grown from CD38(-) and CD38(+) progenitors, respectively. NK cells were detected in mostly large CD14(+)/CD15(+) myeloid colonies that also, in some cases, contained red cells. NK cells were rarely detected in erythroid colonies, suggesting an early split between the erythroid and the NK cell lineages. CD1a(+) dendritic cells were also present in three-quarters of the colonies grown from CD38(-) and CD38(+) progenitors. Multilineage colonies containing erythrocytes, myeloid cells, and NK cells were present in 13.7 and 2.7% of colonies grown from CD38(-) and CD38(+) progenitors, respectively. High proliferative-potential CFCs that generated multilineage colonies were also detected among both populations of progenitors. The total number of high proliferative-potential CFCs with erythroid, myeloid, and NK cell potential was estimated to be 2-fold higher in the CD38(+) fraction compared with the CD38(-) fraction because of the higher frequency of CD38(+) cells among CD34(++) cells. The broad distribution of multipotent CFCs among CD38(-) and CD38(+) progenitors suggests that the segregation of the erythroid, myeloid, and lymphoid lineages may not always be an early event in hemopoiesis. Alternatively, some stem cells may be present among CD38(+) cells.
 ...
PMID:Broad distribution of colony-forming cells with erythroid, myeloid, dendritic cell, and NK cell potential among CD34(++) fetal liver cells. 1167 95

The study of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and the process by which they differentiate into committed progenitors has been hampered by the lack of in vitro clonal assays that can support erythroid, myeloid and lymphoid differentiation. We describe a method for the isolation from human fetal liver of highly purified candidate HSCs and progenitors based on the phenotypes CD38(-)CD34(++) and CD38(+)CD34(++), respectively. We also describe a method for the growth of colony-forming cells (CFCs) from these cell populations, under defined culture conditions, that supports the differentiation of erythroid, CD14/CD15(+) myeloid, CD1a(+) dendritic cell and CD56(+) NK cell lineages. Flow cytometric analyses of individual colonies demonstrate that CFCs with erythroid, myeloid and lymphoid potential are distributed among both the CD38(-) and CD38(+) populations of CD34(++) progenitors.
 ...
PMID:Isolation, growth and identification of colony-forming cells with erythroid, myeloid, dendritic cell and NK-cell potential from human fetal liver. 1273 73

Erythema toxicum neonatorum is a common, inflammatory skin reaction in healthy newborn infants characterized by an accumulation of activated immune cells in the lesions. Its etiology and physiologic significance are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to extend the search for possible inflammatory mediators of the rash. We performed immunohistochemistry on punch biopsy cryosections from lesions of four, 1-day-old infants and from four matched controls without rash, using antibodies against the water channel proteins aquaporin-1 (AQP1) and aquaporin-3 (AQP3), psoriasin, and the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzymes, neuronal NOS (nNOS), inducible NOS (iNOS), and endothelial NOS (eNOS). All sections from the lesions showed a dense, nodular cellular infiltrate located near the hair follicle. The vessels in the dermis showed a high incidence of AQP1 and eNOS. Strong staining for AQP1, AQP3, and psoriasin, as well as nNOS, iNOS, and eNOS were seen in the entire epidermal layer. The infiltrate in the dermis contained numerous cells expressing AQP1, AQP3, nNOS, iNOS, and eNOS. Double immunofluorescence staining showed that AQP3 was located in CD1a-expressing Langerhans cells and other dendritic cells in the dermis, as well as in CD14-expressing macrophages, CD15-expressing neutrophils, and EG2-expressing eosinophils surrounding the hair follicle. Our findings show that AQP1 and AQP3, psoriasin, and NOSs are involved in the activation of the skin immune system at birth.
 ...
PMID:AQP1 and AQP3, psoriasin, and nitric oxide synthases 1-3 are inflammatory mediators in erythema toxicum neonatorum. 1452 51

To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity analysis of the lineage related antibodies in acute leukemia immunophenotyping by flow cytometry (FCM), immunophenotyping in 184 patients with acute leukemia was performed by FCM analysis. The results showed that in the lineage-related antibodies of acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), the sensitivity of CD13 and CD33 was higher (95.5% and 91.2%, respectively), the specificity of them was deficient (72.5% and 62.2%, respectively); the sensitivity of MPO was low (69.1%), but the specificity was high (100%); the sensitivity and specificity of CD117 were high (88.2% and 100%, respectively); the sensitivity of CD14 and CD15 was low (18.4% and 27.2%, respectively); the specificity of CD14 with monocytes was high. As the lineage-related antibodies of B-lineage ALL were concerned, CD19 showed high sensitivity and low specificity (100% vs 83.4%); the sensitivity and specificity of CD79a (96.4% vs 100%) and CD22 (100% vs 100%) were high; the sensitivity and specificity of CD10 (53.6% vs 82.5%) and CD20 (70.4% vs 87.5%) were low. In T-lineage ALL, the specificity of CD3 was high (97.5%), but the sensitivity was below the mark (80.0%); the sensitivity of CD7 was high (100%), but the specificity was low (77.9%); while the sensitivity and specificity of CD5, CD2 and CD1a were all deficient. In conclusion, the sensitivity and specificity analysis of the lineage-related antibodies in acute leukemia immunophenotyping are coincident with St Jude immunophenotyping project. It seems only that CD117 is superior to MPO in defining AML, but the sensitivity and specificity analysis of CD22 and CD79 are similar in defining B-lineage ALL, therefore, anyone of them may be selected as your need.
 ...
PMID:[Sensitivity and specificity analysis of the lineage related antibodies in acute leukemia immunophenotyping by flow cytometry]. 1585 4

Tumors of dendritic reticulum cells are rare neoplasms that exhibit significant morphologic overlap with other malignancies. Fine-needle aspiration cytologic appearances of this neoplasm are not well understood. A 33-yr-old woman presented with a rapidly growing nodular mass in the right upper cervical region and right-sided ptosis. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the mass showed dissociated as well as clustered, large, polygonal cells that showed high nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio. Nuclei were round, oval, or irregular in shape. Large and small blastoid forms with prominent nucleoli and chromatin clumping as well as binucleated cells and cells with lobulated nuclei were seen. Numerous mitoses were observed. The tumor cells expressed focal immunocytochemical reactivity to CD45 and CD68, but were negative for CD2, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD30, CD45RO, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), cytokeratin, and HMB45. Histologic sections of the biopsy from the growth showed nodal tissue effaced by a tumor composed of large, pleomorphic neoplastic cells with some binucleate and multinucleate forms resembling Reed-Sternberg cells. The intervening stroma contained numerous small lymphocytes. Tumor cells expressed vimentin, S-100 protein, CD68, and MAC387, but were negative for LCA, CD1a, CD3, CD15, CD20, CD21, CD23, CD30, CD35, carcino-embryonic antigen, HMB45, cytokeratin AE1/3, EMA, myeloperoxidase, lysozyme, smooth-muscle actin, and desmin. The combined histologic and immunohistologic features suggested a histiocytic/dendritic reticulum cell neoplasm and a diagnosis of interdigitating dendritic reticulum cell sarcoma was made.
 ...
PMID:Interdigitating dendritic reticulum cell sarcoma: cytologic, histologic and immunocytochemical features. 1594 93

This study was designed to investigate the regulatory role of soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) fusion protein (Hyper-IL-6) in the differentiation of human myeloid and erythroid progenitors by a serum-free liquid suspension culture system, using the human cord blood-derived CD34(+)CD38(-) cells as a target. We found that Hyper-IL-6 promoted the generation of CD15(+) granulocytic and CD14(+) monocytic cells and suppressed that of CD14(-)CD1a(+) dendritic cells from CD36(-)CD15(-)CD14(-)CD1a(-)IL-6R(+) myeloid progenitors. Conversely, CD34(+)CD38(-) cell-derived early erythroid progenitors were negative for IL-6R expression. Hyper-IL-6 potentiated the generation of CD36(+)glycophorinA(high) mature erythroid cells from the IL-6R(-) early erythroid progenitors. Our results indicate that Hyper-IL-6 augments the generation of CD15(+) granulocytic, CD14(+) monocytic and CD36(+)glycophorinA(high) cell and suppresses that of CD14(-)CD1a(+) dendritic cells.
 ...
PMID:The regulatory role of Hyper-IL-6 in the differentiation of myeloid and erythroid progenitors derived from human cord blood. 1693 90

Histiocytic sarcoma is a rare, malignant neoplasm of the lymphohematopoietic system that usually occurs in the skin, lymph node, and intestinal tract. Here we describe a unique case of primary central nervous system histiocytic sarcoma that initially showed an indolent clinical course following local resection and radiotherapy. However, relapse of disease within the mediastinum was noted 3 1/2 years later. Biopsies of the initial brain lesion and subsequent mediastinal recurrence each revealed an identical, diffuse proliferation of histiocytes with expression of CD45, CD68, and CD163 but not pan-cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, CD3, CD15, CD20, CD30, CD43, CD79a, CD138, myeloperoxidase, ALK-1, PAX-5, CAM 5.2, S100, CD1a, or glial fibrillary acidic protein. In the literature, central nervous system histiocytic sarcoma portends a poor prognosis with median survival of 4.5 months. To our knowledge, this case represents the first case of "low-grade" primary central nervous system histiocytic sarcoma with relatively indolent clinical course. A thorough discussion of the differential diagnosis of histiocytic sarcoma and a review of primary central nervous system histiocytic sarcoma are also presented.
 ...
PMID:Primary central nervous system histiocytic sarcoma with relapse to mediastinum: a case report and review of the literature. 1728 18

A 70-year-old Japanese man presented to our hospital with a 1-month history of progressive general fatigue and anorexia. A physical examination revealed severe anemic condition, mild persistent splenomegaly, and no palpable surface lymph nodes. He had pleural effusion and ascites, though no malignant cells were detected in the effusion. He eventually died without any diagnosis of his disease. Immunohistochemical staining of his tumor after autopsy showed atypical cells that were negative for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), keratin (AE1/3), keratin-20, vimentin, factor VIII, leukocyte common antigen (LCA/T200; CD45), myeloperoxidase (MPO), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), lysozyme, CD1a, CD3, CD4, CD10, CD15, CD20 (L26), CD21, CD23, CD34, CD43, CD56, CD68, CD79a, CD138, and EBER-1 in situ. Only a few scattered cells expressed CD30, but they showed no staining for anaplastic large-cell lymphoma kinase (ALK). A few scattered cells expressed S-100 antigen and the majority of cells dominantly expressed dendritic cell-associated antigens (CD35, FDC, Ki-M1p). In conclusion, we found this unknown primary tumor to be consistent with a follicular dendritic cell tumor with anaplastic features.
 ...
PMID:Follicular dendritic cell tumor as an unknown primary tumor. 1738 Apr 43


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 Next >>