Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P06126 (CD1a)
 2,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The sentinel lymph node (SLN) is the first draining node from the area in which a tumour is located. The presence or absence of SLN micrometastasis is an important prognostic factor for melanoma. As the first dissemination route for melanoma is lymphatic and we know that the immune system plays an important role in melanoma response, we hypothesize that melanoma and its corresponding SLN should constitute an immunological unit. Small portions of 54 SLNs from 37 patients undergoing selective lymphadenectomy were subjected to quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to quantify messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts of the following genes: tyrosinase, telomerase, cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), COX-2, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), IL-4, IL-10 and IL-12. In addition, 11 non-sentinel lymph nodes (NSLNs) were excised from 11 of the 37 patients and the same study was performed. Immunohistochemistry with different antibodies against dendritic cells (DCs) was performed in 10 pairs of SLNs and NSLNs. Significantly higher mRNA expression of COX-2, GM-CSF, IFN-gamma and IL-10 was found in SLNs compared with NSLNs in the overall group. DCs, as labelled by S-100 and CD1a, were significantly decreased in NSLNs compared with SLNs. These data suggest that the initial increase in GM-CSF observed in SLNs could lead to the attraction of a high number of DCs to SLNs. However, the presence of certain immunosuppressive molecules, such as IL-10 and COX-2, could block their maturation and their ability to become efficient antigen presenters.
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PMID:Cytokine expression and dendritic cell density in melanoma sentinel nodes. 1584 42

We observed a patient with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-SCID) with Omenn syndrome-like manifestations. X-linked inheritance, absence of CD132 expression and impaired response to interleukin-2 (IL-2) indicated that the case is typical of X-SCID due to gamma(c) defect. However, this case was unusual in that circulating natural killer (NK) cells were increased and nearly half of these NK cells exhibited the CD56(bright) CD16(-) phenotype. A missense mutation was found within exon 5 of the IL2RG gene. The identical mutation was detected within NK, CD4(+) T and B cells. Engraftment of maternally derived NK cells or gene reversion was ruled out. The erythroderma-like skin lesion was characterized by infiltration of the dermis by CD56(bright) NK cells admixed with CD1a(+) dendritic cells (DC). Expression of mRNA for inflammatory cytokines was significantly enhanced within the skin. This may be the first human case to demonstrate that close cell-to-cell contact between DC and NK cells provides an effective alternative pathway for NK cell differentiation/activation in vivo.
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PMID:Skin infiltration of CD56(bright) CD16(-) natural killer cells in a case of X-SCID with Omenn syndrome-like manifestations. 1759 41

Several studies have shown that there is a paucity of immune cells within the stroma of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, a very aggressive cancer with a median survival of about 18 months. A 65-year-old man presented with jaundice. Abdominal ultrasound revealed intra- and extrahepatic bile duct dilatation and a 45-mm diameter hypoechoic solid mass within the pancreatic head; a computed tomography scan excluded vascular infiltration and metastatic lesions. The patient received immunotherapy consisting of 6,000,000 IU human recombinant interleukin-2 administered subcutaneously twice a day for 3 consecutive days. Thirty-six hours after the last dose, he underwent a pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy. Because of the presence of high-grade dysplasia detected by intraoperative histological examination of a distal section, a spleen preserving total pancreatectomy was performed. The postoperative course was uneventful. The patient died 32 months after surgery because of local recurrence. Histopathology showed G3 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma infiltrating the anterior and posterior peripancreatic tissue, duodenal wall and intrapancreatic common bile duct, with sarcoma-like foci and a component of intraductal tumor involving the common bile duct. In the distal pancreas, widespread foci of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanI2-3) were found. The Ki-67 proliferation index was 16%. TNM staging was pT3 pN1 R1. Sections were immunostained for the T-lymphocyte marker CD3 and for the dendritic cell marker CD1a. Intratumoral infiltration was high for CD1a+ cells and mild for CD3+ cells. Preoperative immunotherapy with interleukin-2 may contribute to massive stromal infiltration of immune cells in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. This may prolong the survival even in the presence of negative prognostic factors (age >65 years, tumor diameter >20 mm, R1, tumor grade G3).
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PMID:Prolonged survival of a patient affected by pancreatic adenocarcinoma with massive lymphocyte and dendritic cell infiltration after interleukin-2 immunotherapy. Report of a case. 1870 15


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