Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P06126 (CD1a)
 2,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Immunophenotyping of cells by flow cytometry has become a routine test to diagnose pulmonary and mediastinal diseases. Peripheral blood, extravascular fluids, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and suspension of single cells obtained by fine-needle aspiration can be used. Peripheral blood (MOAb for immunophenotyping of lymphocytes: CD14, CD45, CD3, CD19, CD4, CD8, CD16/56, HLA DR, CD38, CD25) is the material of choice for detection and monitoring of immunodeficiences. BAL (MOAb for immunophenotyping of lymphocytes: CD14, CD45, CD3, CD19, CD4, CD8, CD16/56, HLA DR) is used mainly for differential diagnosis of extrinsic allergic alveolitis (low CD4/CD8 ratio) and sarcoidosis (high CD4/CD8 ratio). The enumeration of alveolar macrophage subsets is an important tool to establish diagnosis of histiocytosis X (CD1a > 3%). Extravascular fluids, suspension of single cells and BAL are preferred materials for detection and classification of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (MOAb for immunophenotyping of lymphocytes: CD14, CD45, CD3, CD19, CD4, CD8, CD16/56, HLA DR, CD38, CD25, CD23, CD5, CDl1c, CD30, light chain immunoglobulins).
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PMID:[Flow cytometry for extensive thoracic diagnosis]. 920 29

It has been observed that immunological reactivity of neonatal leukocytes is diminished. It seems to result from lymphocytes immaturity. In the present study we have evaluated the phenotype of cord blood lymphocytes with the use of flow cytometry. In neonates we have observed the increase in the absolute number of CD1a and CD7 positive lymphocytes as well as CD2, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16, CD19 and CD20 positive, while number of CD57 positive cells was significantly decreased. The ratios of CD4/CD8 and T/B lymphocytes were similar to the corresponding ratios observed in adults. Our results have shown the presence of immature lymphocyte population as well quantitative depletion of subpopulation of CD57 cells, what may pose an increased risk of infection in neonates. Nevertheless, increased number of T and B lymphocytes with mature phenotype along with normal ratio of lymphocyte subpopulations and increased number of CD16 positive cells (NK cells), may explain phenomenon of good health among majority of newborns.
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PMID:[Flow cytometric analysis of cord blood lymphocytes]. 964 Aug 62

The goal of the present paper was to define the immunophenotype of bone marrow mast cells (BMMC) from healthy controls and patients with hematologic malignancies (HM) based on the use of multiple stainings with monoclonal antibodies analyzed by flow cytometry. Our results show that BMMC from both groups of individuals display a similar but heterogeneous immunophenotype. The overall numbers of BMMC are higher in the HM group of individuals (p = 0.08). Three patterns of antigen expression were detected: (1) markers constantly positive in all cases analyzed (CD9, CD29, CD33, CD43, CD44, CD49d, CD49e, CD51, CD71, CD117, and Fc(epsilon)RI), (2) antigens that were constantly negative (CD1a, CD2, CD3, CD5, CD6, CD11a, CD14, CD15, CD16, CD19, CD20, CD21, CD23, CD25, CD30, CD34, CD38, CD41a, CD42b, CD65, CD66b, HLA-DR, and CD138), and (3) markers that were positive in a variable proportion of cases--CD11b (50%), CD11c (77%), CD13 (40%), CD18 (20%), CD22 (68%), CD35 (27%), CD40 (67%), CD54 (88%) and CD61 (40%). In addition, BMMC from all cases explored were CD45+, and this antigen was expressed at an intensity similar to that of mature granulocytes. In summary, our results show that BMMC from both healthy controls and HM patients display a relatively heterogeneous immunophenotype. Interestingly, we have observed clear differences between the immunophenotype of BMMC and MC from other tissues. This could be due either to the heterogeneity of human MC according to their tissue localization or to the sensitivity of the method used for antigen detection.
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PMID:Immunophenotypic characterization of human bone marrow mast cells. A flow cytometric study of normal and pathological bone marrow samples. 969 44

Dendritic cells (DC) are the main stimulators of primary T cell responses. Very little is known about DC in cord blood (CB), and whether they are involved in the low incidence and severity of GVHD following CB transplantation. Here, CBDC were identified as a HLA-DR+/lineage marker (lin; CD3, CD11b, CD14, CD16, CD19, CD34, CD56 and glycophorin A antigens) negative population, representing 0.3 +/- 0.1% (mean +/- s.d.; n = 15) of CB mononuclear cells. CBDC expressed the CD4, CD11a, CD18, CD45RA, CD50 and CD54 antigens but revealed no expression of the CD1a, CD11c, CD40, CD45R0, CD58, CD83, CD86 and CD102 antigens. Immunomagnetically enriched CBDC showed potent allostimulatory activity for CB T cells. Thus, CBDC are functionally competent and resemble in their immature/resting state CD11c- DC in peripheral blood.
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PMID:Functional competence of dendritic cells in human umbilical cord blood. 971 87

An acute leukemia with an unusual immunophenotype developed in a 17-year-old girl. At the initial presentation, extramedullary involvement was not evident, but with advancing disease, massive splenomegaly and an osteolytic rib tumor developed. The disease was aggressive and refractory to intensive chemotherapeutic regimens for myeloid and lymphoid malignancies, and the patient died 3 months after the initial presentation. The leukemic cells were of irregular shape and variable size; they had deeply indented or bi-lobed nuclei and relatively fine, azurophilic granules in their cytoplasm. They were positive for acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase in granular staining, but they were negative for myeloperoxidase. The leukemic cells had a unique immunophenotype: it was positive for T-cell antigens (CD1a, CD2, cytoplasmic CD3, CD4), myeloid antigens (CD13 and CD33), NK-cell antigen (CD56), CD19 and CD30. DNA analysis revealed no gene rearrangement in the T-cell receptor beta, gamma and delta, or immunoglobulin heavy chain genes. The leukemic cells of our patient are thought to have arisen from the transformation of a putative precursor cell common to both the T- and NK-cell lineage in the bone marrow. The current literature on precursor NK-cell malignancy is reviewed, and its clinicopathological feature is discussed.
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PMID:Acute leukemia with the phenotype of a natural killer/T cell bipotential precursor. 1003 70

Dendritic cells (DCs) are pivotal for antigen presentation, T-cell priming and B-cell functions. Few studies have been carried out on DCs in human diseases, partly because the current procedures used for DC preparation include elaborate negative selection with monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) and prolonged culture in cytokine-enriched milieu, which may influence DC functions. Using physical density and their adherent properties, DCs were prepared from the blood of healthy subjects. Approximately 2% of human blood mononuclear cells (MNC) were shown to consist of DCs, yielding DCs of 80-90% purity. They expressed markers related to DCs (CD1a, CD11c, CD32 and CD83), costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD80, CD86), human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II molecules and inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS2), and lacked lymphocyte and monocyte markers (CD3, CD19, CD20, CD56 and CD14). Compared with blood MNC and T cells, DCs showed a high level of spontaneous proliferation and nitric oxide production, as well as strong proliferative responses in mixed leucocyte reactions. Enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays revealed higher levels of interleukin (IL)-4-, IL-10- and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-secreting cells among DCs than among MNC or T cells obtained from the same blood specimens, while levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)- and IL-6-secreting cells did not differ. The results demonstrate that the method used is fast, effective and competitively priced, and should be useful for studies of DCs in disease states.
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PMID:Phenotypic and functional properties of dendritic cells isolated from human peripheral blood in comparison with mononuclear cells and T cells. 1007 22

Dendritic cells (DC) are the main stimulators of primary T-cell responses and, thus, probably play a role in the immune reactions after stem cell transplantation. Very little is known about DC in cord blood (CB) and about their potential involvement in the low incidence and severity of acute graft-versus-host disease after CB transplantation. Here, CBDC were identified as a HLA-DR+ cell population, lacking the CD3, CD11b, CD14, CD16, CD19, CD34, CD56, and glycophorin A lineage markers (lin). This lin-/HLA-DR+ population represented 0.3% +/- 0.1% (mean +/- SD; range, 0.1% to 0. 6%; n = 15) of CB mononuclear cells, and CB contained 5.4 +/- 3.2 x 10(3) CBDC/mL (1.8 to 13.0 x 10(3); n = 15). CBDC expressed CD4, CD11a, CD18, CD45RA, CD50, CD54, and CD123, but showed no expression of CD1a, CD11c, CD33, CD40, CD45R0, CD80, CD83, and CD86 and only limited expression of CD58, CD102, and CD116. Despite this immature phenotype, immunomagnetically lin--enriched CBDC were potent stimulators of allogeneic CB T cells. As few as 266 +/- 107 (193 to 530; n = 10) lin-/HLA-DR+ CBDC stimulated a significant response. However, CBDC failed to take up protein or peptide antigens. Thus, in CB there is a prevalence of a DC subpopulation, resembling the CD11c- DC identified in tonsils, the so-called plasmacytoid T cells, which may exert a function distinct from the CD11c+ DC subpopulation.
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PMID:Identification of cord blood dendritic cells as an immature CD11c- population. 1009 Sep 40

Little is known about the cellular infiltrates in the nasal mucosa of children. This study was set up to compare the nasal cellular infiltrates in biopsy specimens from allergic children and controls. Atopic children were distinguished from controls on the basis of symptoms of allergic rhinitis and/or asthma, total serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E, family history and specific serum IgE to food and aeroallergens. Fifteen allergic patients (median age 4.3 yrs) and 15 age-matched nonallergic control subjects were evaluated. The number of cells positive for CD1a, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD68, chymase, tryptase, IgE and major basic protein was determined in the mucosa of the inferior turbinate. A significantly higher number of IgE-positive cells and mast cells was found in the epithelia of the allergic group. In the lamina propria, higher numbers of IgE-positive cells and eosinophils were found. Langerhans' cells positive for IgE were only seen in allergic children with specific serum IgE against aeroallergens. These children also had a higher number of IgE-positive mast cells compared to controls and atopic children without specific serum IgE. These results show that the nasal cellular infiltrates of allergic children differ from nonallergic control subjects. Prior to the detection of specific serum immunoglobulin E, cellular changes can be found in the nasal mucosa of atopic children.
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PMID:Differences in nasal cellular infiltrates between allergic children and age-matched controls. 1036 43

CD1 cell surface glycoproteins represent a family of non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) encoded antigen-presenting molecules. All members of the CD1 family appear to mediate the recognition of microbial or endogenous lipid and glycolipid antigens. The recognition of CD1d by a unique subset of natural killer (NK) T cells that leads to rapid production of large amounts of both type 1 and type 2 cytokines can be augmented by some synthetic glycolipids. Because of the proposed role of such CD1d-restricted T cells in immunoregulation, we hypothesized that CD1d molecules participate in mucosal immune responses in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms owing to food hypersensitivity. Patients of that category represent a heterogeneous group in which poorly defined immunological mechanisms are believed to contribute to disease pathogenesis. The expression of CD1 in duodenal biopsy samples from six patients with verified intolerance to cow's milk and six healthy controls was studied by immunoperoxidase staining of cryostat sections using a panel of mouse monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) specific for CD1a, b, c, and d. Large numbers of CD1d positive cells were found in the lamina propria of all the patients, both during the symptomatic and the asymptomatic periods, whereas healthy controls were virtually devoid of CD1d expression in the duodenum. The localization of CD1d positive cells corresponded to areas where B cells, plasma cells and dendritic cells (DC) were present. A positive correlation was found between the numbers of CD1d(+) and CD19(+) cells in the lamina propria. In contrast to previous reports, no CD1d expression was found on the epithelial cells. Although less numerous than CD1d(+) the CD1c(+) cells were also present in all the patients and in five out of six controls. No staining for CD1a or CD1b was detected in the duodenal biopsy samples from any of the subjects. The exclusive presence of CD1d in the duodenal lamina propria of the patients with cow's milk hypersensitivity might suggest the participation of these molecules in the pathogenesis of allergic reactions to food.
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PMID:Expression of CD1d in the duodenum of patients with cow's milk hypersensitivity. 1111 68

We have attempted to improve retrovirus-mediated gene transfer efficacy into hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) without causing them to lose their lymphoid potential. Highly purified CD34(+) cells on CH-296 fibronectin fragments have been transduced with three different cytokine combinations. Murine CD2 was used as a marker gene. Transgene expression was assayed by FACS analysis shortly after transduction of CD34(+) cells and after long-term culture (LTC) extended by differentiation of various lymphoid lineages: NK cells, B cells, and dendritic cells. Compared with the historical cytokine mix, i.e., SCF (stem cell factor) + IL-3 (interleukin 3) + IL-6, the combination SCF + FL (Flt-3 ligand) + M-GDF (megakaryocyte growth and differentiation factor) + IL-3 significantly improved the total number of viable cells and CD34(+) cells after transduction and the long term-cultured progenitors after 6 weeks. In addition, the combination of SCF + FL + M-GDF + IL-3 maintained more efficiently the lymphoid potential of the progeny of transduced long term-cultured CD34(+) cells, as attested by the significantly higher number of CD56(+), CD19(+), and CD1a(+) cells recovered when FL and M-GDF were added to SCF + IL-3. Thus, even though additional improvements may still be needed in transduction of HPCs, these conditions were adopted for a clinical trial of gene therapy for X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency.
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PMID:Optimization of retroviral gene transfer protocol to maintain the lymphoid potential of progenitor cells. 1117 65


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