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Query: UNIPROT:P06126 (CD1a)
 2,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The present study was undertaken to characterize further the structure and function of cutaneous nerves which we have previously shown to associate with skin immune cells (Hosoi et al., Nature 1993: 363:159). Ultrastructurally, axons were prominent within the superficial dermis and epidermis in neonatal murine skin, but they were inconspicuous in adult murine and primate skin. Immunohistochemical and immunoultrastuctural evaluation of normal adult human and simian skin for neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM), however, defined a plexus of axons surrounding superficial dermal mast cells and extending as delicate, vertical branches into the overlying epidermal layer. Antibodies to neuropeptides substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and to nerve cell-specific clathrin (LCb subunit) also reacted with this neural plexus. Double labeling disclosed intimate associations of N-CAM-positive axons with dermal chymase-positive mast cells as well as with epidermal CD1a-positive Langerhans' cells by confocal scanning laser microscopy. Functionally, capsaicin applied to forearm skin revealed by 6 h discharge of mast cell chymase and induction of E-selectin in adjacent microvascular endothelium, events consistent with release of substance P from axons and subsequent stimulation of cytokine-mediated mast cell-endothelial interaction. Identical application of capsaicin to human skin xenografted to immunodeficient mice, and thus experimentally lacking in unmyelinated axons, failed to show similar findings. These results provide additional support to the concept that an elaborate network of cutaneous axons may play a functional role in regulation of skin inflammation and immunity.
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PMID:Characterization of unmyelinated axons uniting epidermal and dermal immune cells in primate and murine skin. 950 40

Little is known about the cellular infiltrates in the nasal mucosa of children. This study was set up to compare the nasal cellular infiltrates in biopsy specimens from allergic children and controls. Atopic children were distinguished from controls on the basis of symptoms of allergic rhinitis and/or asthma, total serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E, family history and specific serum IgE to food and aeroallergens. Fifteen allergic patients (median age 4.3 yrs) and 15 age-matched nonallergic control subjects were evaluated. The number of cells positive for CD1a, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD68, chymase, tryptase, IgE and major basic protein was determined in the mucosa of the inferior turbinate. A significantly higher number of IgE-positive cells and mast cells was found in the epithelia of the allergic group. In the lamina propria, higher numbers of IgE-positive cells and eosinophils were found. Langerhans' cells positive for IgE were only seen in allergic children with specific serum IgE against aeroallergens. These children also had a higher number of IgE-positive mast cells compared to controls and atopic children without specific serum IgE. These results show that the nasal cellular infiltrates of allergic children differ from nonallergic control subjects. Prior to the detection of specific serum immunoglobulin E, cellular changes can be found in the nasal mucosa of atopic children.
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PMID:Differences in nasal cellular infiltrates between allergic children and age-matched controls. 1036 43

Immunohistochemical and histochemical stains are useful adjunct techniques in the diagnosis of canine cutaneous round cell tumors, which can appear histologically similar. We applied a panel of monoclonal antibodies (recognizing tryptase, chymase, serotonin for mast cells; CD1a, CD18, MHC class II for histiocytes; CD3 for T lymphocytes; CD79a for B lymphocytes and plasma cells) and one histochemical stain (naphthol AS-D chloroacetate for chymase activity) to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors, histiocytomas, lymphosarcomas, plasmacytomas, and unidentified round cell tumors. Of 21 tumors with a histologic diagnosis of mast cell tumor, 7/7 (100%) grade I, 6/7 (85.7%) grade II, and 3/7 (42.9%) grade III tumors were diagnosed as mast cell tumors based on positive staining for tryptase antigen and chymase activity. Mast cells were positive for both tryptase antigen and chymase activity, indicating equal efficacy of tryptase immunohistochemistry and chymase histochemistry. Chymase was detected immunohistochemically in both tumor and nontumor cells, while serotonin was not detected in most mast cell tumors, and thus, neither was useful in the diagnosis of mast cell tumors. Immunohistochemistry to detect CD18 and MHC class II was equally effective in staining histiocytomas, although lymphosarcoma must be ruled out through the use of CD3 and CD79a immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemistry using three different monoclonal antibodies to human CD1a showed no cross-reactivity in canine histiocytomas and was not useful. A final diagnosis was obtained for 4/5 (80%) of the unidentified tumors, indicating the usefulness of multiple stains in poorly differentiated round cell tumors.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical and histochemical stains for differentiating canine cutaneous round cell tumors. 1600 3