Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P06126 (CD1a)
 2,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Dendritic cells (DC) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells of the organism. They are specialized to capture, process, and present antigen via the MHC class II as well as the MHC class I pathways to CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, respectively. This results in T cell-mediated immune responses that are likely to counteract the generation and propagation of tumors in vivo. Therefore, we studied the distribution of dendritic cells in mammary Paget's disease. Paraffin-embedded samples of Paget's disease of the breast (n=27) and of disease-free epidermis of the nipple (n=10) were investigated immunohistochemically for the presence of dendritic cells, in particular of Langerhans cells, using antibodies against S-100, CD1a, and HLA-DR, as well as novel reagents against Langerin/CD207, DC-LAMP/CD208 and p55 (Fascin), the latter two being specific for mature dendritic cells. Paget samples presented a decrease of CD1a+, S-100+, and Langerin+ intraepidermal Langerhans cells in almost all cases. This was paralleled by a concentration of immature dendritic cells in the tumor-infiltrated tissue itself. Similar to infiltrating breast carcinoma we observed a marked increase of DC-LAMP+ and p55+ mature dendritic cells in the corial tissue beneath the tumor. These cells were almost always found in ribbon-like or nodular lymphocytic infiltrates. Moreover, rare mature dendritic cells were also found in the Paget cell-infiltrated epidermis of the nipple, i.e. in the tumorous lesion itself. These findings may indicate an effective ongoing anti-tumor immune response in this part of spreading breast cancer.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical tracking of an immune response in mammary Paget's disease. 1884 36

To clarify the interactions between dendritic cells (DCs) and Th1 and Th17 T cell subsets and the mode of action of IVIG in inflammatory myopathies, Expression of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, immature (CD1a) and mature (DC-LAMP) DCs, interleukin-17 (IL-17) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), was quantified by immunohistochemistry in muscle biopsies from 13 patients (11 with polymyositis (PM) and 2 dermatomyositis (DM)) obtained before treatment with IVIG. The Th1/Th17 cytokine and the immature/mature DC ratio were studied according to the response to IVIG. Immature DCs were rarely detected compared to mature DCs, observed in all samples except one PM. IFN-gamma-producing cell count was higher than IL-17 count. Neither the expression of IFN-gamma nor IL-17 was correlated with that of DC subsets. Seven of the 13 patients (6 PM and 1 DM) responded to IVIG. T cells and DC subsets were not differentially expressed between responders and non-responders. The frequency of IFN-gamma-producing cells was significantly higher in non-responders with an increased IFN-gamma/IL-17-producing-cell ratio. In conclusion, mature rather than immature DC and IFN-gamma-rather than IL-17-producing cells accumulate in inflamed muscle. Increased IFN-gamma-producing cell count and IFN-gamma/IL-17-ratio were found in IVIG non-responders, suggesting a role for the Th17 mediated pathway in the response to IVIG.
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PMID:Th1 and Th17 balance in inflammatory myopathies: interaction with dendritic cells and possible link with response to high-dose immunoglobulins. 1930 20

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by epidermal hyperproliferation and infiltration of inflammatory leukocytes. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of innate immunity involving dendritic cells (DC) and keratinocytes in psoriasis. We immunohistochemically examined the expression of DC markers such as CD1a, CD83, CD207 (Langerin), CD208 (DC-LAMP) and CD209 (DC-SIGN) in psoriatic skin and gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma)/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-stimulated keratinocytes in vitro. CD208 was strongly expressed in basal and suprabasal layer keratinocytes in addition to DC in the perivascular lesions of the psoriatic dermis. Furthermore, the enhanced expression of CD208 in the perinuclear lesions of IFN-gamma-/TPA-stimulated keratinocytes was observed in vitro. Because a defect of the granular layer in psoriatic lesions has been recognized, increased expression of lysosome-related CD208 in the basal and suprabasal keratinocytes of psoriatic lesions might represent aberrant epidermal differentiation. Additionally, these CD208-positive keratinocytes possessing putative antigen-processing activity might play a key role as antigen-presenting cells in psoriatic skin.
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PMID:Increased expression of CD208 (DC-LAMP) in epidermal keratinocytes of psoriatic lesions. 1933 88

Dendritic cells (DCs) residing in skin are important sentinels for foreign antigens. Methods to facilitate studies of subsets of skin DCs are important to increase the understanding of various pathogens, allergens, topical treatments or vaccine components targeting the skin. In this study, we developed a new DC purification method using a skin graft mesher, clinically used for expansion of skin grafts, to accelerate processing of skin into nets that allowed efficient enzymatic disruption and single cell isolation. The reduction in processing time using the skin graft mesher enabled processing of larger skin samples and also limited the ex vivo handling of the specimens which is associated with maturation of DCs. In addition, a skin explant model to functionally monitor early events of antigen uptake by DC subsets in situ was developed. DCs isolated from epidermis represented a uniform CD1a(+) HLA-DR(+) CD11c(+) Langerin(+) DC-SIGN(-) DC-LAMP(int) DEC-205(int) Langerhans cell (LC) population whereas three subtypes of HLA-DR(+) CD11c(+) DCs were isolated from dermis based on their varying expression of CD1a. Epidermal LCs showed a significantly higher antigen uptake capacity of fluorescently-labelled ovalbumin (OVA) and dextran as compared to any of the dermal DC (dDC) subsets. In contrast, injection of antigen directly into skin explants followed by in situ imaging revealed that the majority of DCs with internalized antigen were localized in the dermis, likely as a consequence of the anatomical site for antigen delivery. These methods offer potency for various applications addressing antigen uptake, microbial DC interactions or other antigenic stimulation targeting the skin and can enhance our knowledge of basic DC biology in human skin.
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PMID:Techniques for time-efficient isolation of human skin dendritic cell subsets and assessment of their antigen uptake capacity. 1957 98

The prognosis of newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients relies mostly on tumor-node metastasis classification. However, analyses of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and several molecular markers have also shown promising prognostic value. Mutations in the proto-oncogene KRAS, which occur early in colorectal carcinogenesis, have been demonstrated to be common in human colorectal cancer (CRC); however, their prognostic significance remains controversial. We examined the correlations between KRAS mutational status and tumor-infiltrating immune cells with respect to CRC recurrence. Mutations in KRAS were identified in 45.5% of the primary carcinomas in our cohort of patients: 65% in codon 12 and 35% in codon 13. Although codon 13 KRAS mutations were associated with disease relapse, they were present in both disease-free and relapsed patients. However, disease-free and relapsed patients differed markedly in their patterns of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. There was a trend toward decreased density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) within the group of relapsed cases. In addition, relapsed patients with codon 13 mutations had markedly lower levels of tumor-infiltrating mature DC-LAMP(+) dendritic cells (DCs) and higher frequency of CD1a(+) cells compared with disease-free patients. Our data suggest that CRC patients with low levels of TILs, a high CD1a(+)/DC-LAMP(+) tumor-infiltrating DC ratio, and a KRAS mutation in codon 13 are at a high risk of disease recurrence.
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PMID:Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and dendritic cells in human colorectal cancer: their relationship to KRAS mutational status and disease recurrence. 2188 45

Human dendritic cells (DCs) infiltrate solid tumors, but this infiltration occurs in favorable and unfavorable disease prognoses. The statistical inference is that tumor-infiltrating DCs (TIDCs) play no conclusive role in predicting disease progression. This is remarkable because DCs are highly specialized antigen-presenting cells linking innate and adaptive immunity. DCs either boost the immune system (enhancing immunity) or dampen it (leading to tolerance). This dual effect explains the dual outcomes of cancer progression. The reverse functional characteristics of DCs depend on their maturation status. This review elaborates on the markers used to detect DCs in tumors. In many cases, the identification of DCs in human cancers relies on staining for S-100 and CD1a. These two markers are mainly expressed by Langerhans cells, which are one of several functionally different DC subsets. The activation status of DCs is based on the expression of CD83, DC-SIGN, and DC-LAMP, which are nonspecific markers of DC maturation. The detection of TIDCs has not kept pace with the increased knowledge about the identification of DC subsets and their maturation status. Therefore, it is difficult to draw a conclusion about the performance of DCs in tumors. We suggest a novel selection of markers to distinguish human DC subsets and maturation states. The use of these biomarkers will be of pivotal importance to scrutinize the prognostic significance of TIDCs.
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PMID:Deciphering the message broadcast by tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells. 2279 39

Background. Dendritic cells could be involved in immune surveillance of highly immunogenic tumors such as melanoma. Their role in the progression melanocytic nevi to melanoma is however a matter of controversy. Methods. The number of dendritic cells within epidermis, in peritumoral zone, and within the lesion was counted on slides immunohistochemically stained for CD1a, CD1c, DC-LAMP, and DC-SIGN in 21 of dysplastic nevi, 27 in situ melanomas, and 21 invasive melanomas. Results. We found a significant difference in the density of intraepidermal CD1c+ cells between the examined lesions; the mean CD1c cell count was 7.00/mm2 for invasive melanomas, 2.94 for in situ melanomas, and 13.35 for dysplastic nevi. The differences between dysplastic nevi and melanoma in situ as well as between dysplastic nevi and invasive melanoma were significant. There was no correlation in number of positively stained cells between epidermis and dermis. We did not observe any intraepidermal DC-LAMP+ cells neither in melanoma in situ nor in invasive melanoma as well as any intraepidermal DC-SIGN+ cells in dysplastic nevi. Conclusion. It was shown that the number of dendritic cells differs between dysplastic nevi, in situ melanomas, and invasive melanomas. This could eventually suggest their participation in the development of melanoma.
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PMID:Melanomas and Dysplastic Nevi Differ in Epidermal CD1c+ Dendritic Cell Count. 2833 53


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