Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P06126 (CD1a)
 2,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Myxomatous tissue is a characteristic component of human coronary artery lesions, found more often in restenotic lesions. It represents a bulky accumulation of stellate-shaped cells of unknown histogenesis that are embedded in a loose stroma. We analyzed 64 atherectomy specimens containing substantial amounts of myxomatous tissue by using immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and electron microscopy techniques. Stellate cells represented a heterogeneous population, sharing features of smooth muscle cells (SMCs), macrophages, as well as antigen-presenting dendritic cells. Like quiescent medial SMCs, the stellate cells in all specimens expressed high levels of SM alpha-actin message and protein and showed heterogeneity with respect to heavy-chain myosin, SM22, desmin, and vimentin. Ultrastructurally, stellate cells resembled SMCs, with some peculiarities that distinguish them from both differentiated and dedifferentiated SMCs. In contrast to quiescent SMCs, the stellate cells expressed high levels of acidic fibroblast growth factor mRNA and protein similar to cells of monocyte/macrophage lineage. However, stellate cells did not express the marker of mature macrophages, HAM56, and were heterogeneous with respect to CD68. Moreover, unlike SMCs, the stellate cells bore some of the major phenotypic markers of dendritic cells: they were S100-positive and showed various reactivity with respect to CD1a and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR. Invasion of myxomatous tissue with CD45RO-positive T lymphocytes was correlated with strong expression of CD1a in these specimens. Stellate cells also expressed a pericyte marker, high-molecular-weight melanoma-associated antigen. We conclude that stellate cells of myxomatous tissue represent a specific phenotype of mesenchymal cells (possibly pericytes), which is activated to express some markers of antigen-presenting cells. These findings suggest involvement of the stellate cells in a local immune response.
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PMID:Studies on the histogenesis of myxomatous tissue of human coronary lesions. 988 70

Dendritic cells (DCs) have an important role in tumor control via the induction of tumor-specific T-cell responses and are therefore an ideal target for immunotherapy. The human skin is an attractive site for tumor vaccination as it contains various DC subsets. The simultaneous delivery of tumor antigen with an adjuvant is beneficial for cross-presentation and the induction of tumor-specific T-cell responses. We therefore developed liposomes that contain the melanoma-associated antigen glycoprotein 100280-288 peptide and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) ligand monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) as adjuvant. These liposomes are efficiently taken up by monocyte-derived DCs, and antigen presentation to CD8(+) T cells was significantly higher with MPLA-modified liposomes as compared with non-modified liposomes or the co-administration of soluble MPLA. We used a human skin explant model to evaluate the efficiency of intradermal delivery of liposomes. Liposomes were efficiently taken up by CD1a(+) and especially CD14(+) dermal DCs. Induction of CD8(+) T-cell responses by emigrated dermal DCs was significantly higher when MPLA was incorporated into the liposomes as compared with non-modified liposomes or co-administration of soluble MPLA. Thus, the modification of antigen-carrying liposomes with TLR ligand MPLA significantly enhances tumor-specific T-cell responses by dermal DCs and is an attractive vaccination strategy in human skin.
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PMID:In situ Delivery of Tumor Antigen- and Adjuvant-Loaded Liposomes Boosts Antigen-Specific T-Cell Responses by Human Dermal Dendritic Cells. 2608 54