Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P06126 (CD1a)
 2,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We describe the case of a 39-year-old man with idiopathic myelofibrosis, who developed histiocytic sarcoma (true histiocytic lymphoma) 6 months after diagnosis. The patient developed generalized lymphadenopathy. A lymph node biopsy showed pronounced distension of the sinuses in the medulla and periphery, caused by the accumulation of large tumor cells. The tumor cells had abundant clear or eosinophilic cytoplasm. The nuclei were of various sizes and shapes, with condensed chromatin and prominent nucleoli. Some tumor cells displayed erythrophagocytosis. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for CD68, alpha(1)-antitrypsin, CD45, CD45RO, and S100 protein, and were negative for B- and T-cell markers, CD30, CD1a, lysozyme, myeloperoxidase, factor VIII-related antigen, CAM 5.2, and HMB-45. Despite multiagent chemotherapy, the patient died of disease 25 months after diagnosis. Although histiocytic sarcomas are very rare, their recognition may be important for clinical and prognostic reasons.
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PMID:Histiocytic sarcoma associated with idiopathic myelofibrosis. 1538 2

Indeterminate cell histiocytosis is a rare neoplasm composed of cells with mixed characteristics of Langerhans cells and non-Langerhans cells. An otherwise healthy, 36-year-old woman presented with asymptomatic generalized papules and nodules that had appeared on all four extremities, the trunk, and cheeks in the previous 6 months. The lesions were firm, painless, non-pruritic, and slightly flesh-yellow or reddish-brown in color. Histopathologic, immunohistochemical examination and electron microscopic studies showed characteristic findings of indeterminate cell histiocytosis: diffuse proliferative histiocytes infiltrating the dermis without epidermotropism or atypia; neoplastic cells expressing markers characteristic of both Langerhans cells (CD1a, S-100) and focal monocytes/macrophages (Factor XIIIa, CD68); and no Birbeck granules within the cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells. Flow cytometry revealed more CD34+ cells in the peripheral blood of the patient than in peripheral blood from a control. Interestingly, the patient responded favorably to psoralen ultraviolet A-range treatment. Herein, we present this case and review the literature.
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PMID:Indeterminate cell histiocytosis: a case report. 1548 63

A 49-year-old Hispanic woman with a T4N1M0 infiltrating duct carcinoma of the left breast underwent four courses of FAC (doxorubicin 86 mg, 5-fluorouracil 860 mg, cyclophosphamide 86 mg, and dexamethasone 10 mg) adjuvant chemotherapy plus four courses of paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Oncology, Princeton, NJ) and subsequent mastectomy. The tumor shrunk from 6.5 cm to 2.5 cm after the treatment. The residual tumor in the surgical specimen measured 1.5 cm with eight positive out of 24 axillary lymph nodes. The tumor showed typical chemotherapy changes and a massive proliferation of histiocytes that mimicked a neoplasm. A nodular proliferation of the same cells in one axillary node raised the impression of a second malignant tumor in the breast spreading to the node. The histiocytic cells contained lamellar and coarse periodic acid-Schiff-positive material distending their cytoplasm and they were strongly positive for CD68 and negative for CD1a, pan keratin, and S-100. These findings ruled out histiocytoid carcinoma, granular cell tumor, and Erdheim-Chester disease. The proliferating histiocytes had ultrastructural findings of paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity with disorganized stacks of intermediate filaments positive for vimentin by immunostains and fewer masses of tubulin. The treated breast carcinoma cells were tubulin-positive but the proliferating histiocytes were tubulin-negative.
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PMID:Pseudoneoplastic proliferation of histiocytes with paclitaxel-induced ultrastructural changes in a mastectomy specimen. 1549 38

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous disease with recognized variability in clinical outcome, genetic features, and cells of origin. To date, transcriptional profiling has been used to highlight similarities between DLBCL tumor cells and normal B-cell subtypes and associate genes and pathways with unfavorable outcome. To identify robust and highly reproducible DL-BCL subtypes with comprehensive transcriptional signatures, we used a large series of newly diagnosed DLBCLs, whole genome arrays, and multiple clustering methods. Tumors were also analyzed for known common genetic abnormalities in DLBCL. There were 3 discrete subsets of DLBCL-"oxidative phosphorylation," "B-cell receptor/proliferation," and "host response" (HR)-identified characterized using gene set enrichment analysis and confirmed in an independent series. HR tumors had increased expression of T/natural killer cell receptor and activation pathway components, complement cascade members, macrophage/dendritic cell markers, and inflammatory mediators. HR DLB-CLs also contained significantly higher numbers of morphologically distinct CD2+/CD3+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and interdigitating S100+/gamma interferon-induced lysosomal transferase-positive (GILT+) CD1a-/CD123- dendritic cells. The HR cluster shared features of histologically defined T-cell/histiocyte-rich B-cell lymphoma, including fewer genetic abnormalities, younger age at presentation, and frequent splenic and bone marrow involvement. These studies identify tumor microenvironment and host inflammatory response as defining features in DLBCL and suggest rational treatment targets in specific DLBCL subsets.
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PMID:Molecular profiling of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma identifies robust subtypes including one characterized by host inflammatory response. 1574 99

CD1 molecules are expressed by antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells and mediate primary immune responses to lipids and glycolipids which have been shown to be expressed by various tumors. Glycolipids are expressed by melanoma cells but, despite their immunogenicity, no efficient spontaneous immune responses are elicited. As IL-10 has previously been shown to down-regulate CD1a on dendritic cells and is known to be expressed by various melanoma cell lines, we investigated if melanoma-derived IL-10 could down-regulate CD1 molecule expression on dendritic cells as a possible way to circumvent immune recognition. We found that CD1a, CD1b, CD1c, and CD1d were significantly down-regulated on dendritic cells in metastatic (n = 10) but not in primary melanoma lesions (n = 10). We further detected significantly higher IL-10 protein levels in metastatic than in primary melanomas. Moreover, supernatants from metastatic melanomas were significantly more effective in down-regulating CD1 molecules on dendritic cells than supernatants from primary melanoma cultures. This effect was blocked using a neutralizing IL-10 antibody in a dose dependent manner. Our findings suggest that metastatic but not primary melanomas can down-regulate CD1 molecules on infiltrating dendritic cells by secreting IL-10 which may represent a novel way to escape the immune response directed against the tumor.
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PMID:Metastatic melanoma secreted IL-10 down-regulates CD1 molecules on dendritic cells in metastatic tumor lesions. 1557 30

Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is an uncommon non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. We investigated 148 biopsy specimens from 129 patients collected in the Kiel Pediatric Tumor Registry (KPTR) between 1965 and 2001. The clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical characteristics of JXG were evaluated to gain more and deeper insights into the morphology and clinical behavior of JXG. Conventionally stained lesions were classified into the following morphologic subtypes: early JXG (EJXG), classic JXG (CJXG), transitional JXG (TJXG), or combined lesions with more than one basic pattern (combined JXG). Immunohistochemistry included antibodies against macrophages (Ki-M1P), S-100 protein, CD1a, and factor XIIIa (FXIIIa). Clinical data were obtained by means of a standardized questionnaire. The relative incidence of JXG in the KPTR is 0.52%. The male/female ratio was 1.4:1. The mean age was 22.4 months (median, 5 months; range, 0-244 months). A total of 34.5% of the cases of JXG were congenital, and 71.0% of the lesions were diagnosed within the first year of life. Most cases of cutaneous JXG were solitary (81.0%). Five cases (3.9%) presented with visceral (systemic) involvement. Histologically, CJXG was most frequent (47.2%), followed by EJXG (27.1%) and TJXG (16.0%). A total of 9.7% of the lesions represented combined JXG. Histiocytes, including giant cells, were positive for Ki-M1P (100%) and in most cases for FXIIIa (99%). The CD1a and S-100 protein reactions were generally negative. Clinical and follow-up data showed a generally favorable prognosis with a low relapse rate (7.0%) and even complete involution after incomplete resection. Only 1 of 5 patients with widespread congenital systemic disease died after 34 days. JXG is an uncommon, mostly cutaneous, and prognostically favorable histiocytic tumor of infancy. Simple tumor excision is the therapy for choice except in the very rare systemic JXG, in which multimodal chemotherapy is indicated.
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PMID:Juvenile xanthogranuloma in childhood and adolescence: a clinicopathologic study of 129 patients from the kiel pediatric tumor registry. 1600 12

We investigated the effects of dendritic cell (DC) pulsed with acute leukemia cell frozen-thawed antigen on inducing the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) to get specific anti-tumor activity in vitro. DC was generated from healthy human bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMC) in the presence of granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor(GM-CSF), interleukin-4 (IL-4) in vitro. DC pulsed with acute leukemia cell frozen-thawed antigen was co-cultured to induce T cell into specific CTL. Then we observed the effects of CTL induced by DC pulsed with acute leukemia cell frozen-thawed antigen killing acute leukemia cell specially and the influence of dendritic cell affecting the function and CD expression on CTL. The levels of CD1a, CD86, HLA-DR expression on DC pulsed with acute leukemia cell frozen-thawed antigen were obviously higher than those before culture (P<0.01). There were more CD3+CD8+ T cells in the CTL induced by DC pulsed with acute leukemia cell frozen-thawed antigen, compared with those in the T cell uncultured group (P<0.01). The CTL induced by DC pulsed with acute leukemia cell frozen-thawed antigen significantly had higher activity in killing acute leukemia cell than in killing k562 cell (P<0.01), and the CTL induced by DC pulsed with acute leukemia cell frozen-thawed antigen was also more effective for killing acute leukemia cell as compared with the CTL induced by DC simply, T cell co-cultured with IL-2 and T cell simply (P<0.01). The DC generated from human bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMC) in the presence of granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-4 (IL-4) was CD14- CD1a+CD83+DC, and it could also induce the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) to get specific anti-tumor activity in vitro. Otherwise,the increasing of CD3+CD8+ T cells in the CTL induced by DC pulsed with acute leukemia cell frozen-thawed antigen implied the main role of the CD3+CD8+ T cells in the anti-tumor immunity.
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PMID:[Investigation on specific killing acute leukemia cell reaction of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte induced by dendritic cell pulsed with frozen-thawed antigen]. 1564 45

We describe a new case of isolated Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) of the hypothalamus. A 53-year-old female patient presented with polydipsia, headache, anorexia, and fatigue. Neurological imaging revealed a mass projecting from the hypothalamus into the third ventricle. Gross total removal of the tumor was performed. Light microscopy showed LCH, and immunohistochemical studies revealed S-100 and CD1a immunoreactivity in the Langerhans cells. Although the most common CNS site for LCH is the hypothalamus, isolated hypothalamic LCH, confirmed by biopsy, is very rare. The residual mass appeared to remit spontaneously 3.5 years after surgery, with regrowth 3 years later.
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PMID:A case of isolated langerhans cell histiocytosis of the hypothalamus with remission and regrowth after surgery. 1570 Aug 40

There is a burgeoning literature on the contrasting role of intratumoral dendritic cells (DCs) and tumor-associated macrophages, making reliable identification of both cell types in clinical and experimental tissue sections important. However, because these cell types are closely related and share several differentiation antigens, their absolute distinction in tissue sections is difficult. We differentiated DCs and macrophages from monocytes in vitro, prepared cytospins and paraffin-embedded sections of the various cell populations, and tested a variety of antibodies that purportedly recognize monocytes and DCs for their capacity to react and distinguish cells after conventional formalin fixation. Cultured DCs but not macrophages were detected by fascin, DC-LAMP, and CD83 with a predictable increase in staining that paralleled their maturation. Staining by CD1a was found on immature DCs but was weak and absent on mature DCs and macrophages, respectively. CD14 and CD163 were characteristic for macrophages and absent on DCs. CD68, HLA-DR, and S100 did not discriminate between DCs and macrophages. We conclude that antigens such as HLA-DR and S100 are not in themselves sufficient for identification of DCs in formalin-fixed tissue sections, but that additional macrophage-specific (CD14, CD163) and DC-specific (CD1a, CD83, fascin, DC-LAMP) antigens should be used to distinguish cell types from each other and to provide information on their state of maturation.
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PMID:A basis for distinguishing cultured dendritic cells and macrophages in cytospins and fixed sections. 1571 17

The clinical significance of tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells has been reported in a variety of human solid tumors as shown by the correlations found between the presence of tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells and clinical prognosis. In this study, we evaluated whether there is an association between the presence and maturation status of tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, and clinical course in 104 primary tumor samples of patients with colorectal cancer. Dendritic cells were identified with four different markers (S-100, HLA class II, CD208, and CD1a) in double immunohistochemistry, with laminin as second marker to support the exact localization. Tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells showed a distinct infiltration pattern based on their maturation status. CD1a-positive dendritic cells resided in the advancing tumor margins in relatively high numbers, whereas mature CD208-positive dendritic cells were sparsely present in the tumor epithelium but mainly distributed in the tumor stroma and advancing tumor margin. Furthermore, high infiltration of CD1a-positive dendritic cells in the tumor epithelium was significantly correlated to the infiltration of CD4 lymphocytes (P = 0.006). Patients with relatively high numbers of mature CD208-positive infiltrating dendritic cells in the tumor epithelium had a shorter overall survival (P = 0.004). In addition, patients with relatively high numbers of CD1a-positive dendritic cells in the advancing margin of the tumor had a shorter disease-free survival (P = 0.03). We found that tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells had preferential infiltration sites within a tumor, affected local tumor cell-immune cell interactions, and correlated to the clinical prognosis of colorectal cancer patients.
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PMID:Prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells in colorectal cancer: role of maturation status and intratumoral localization. 1581 36


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