Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P06126 (CD1a)
 2,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The population of CD1a+ cells and the quantity of Birbeck granules were evaluated in comparison with the population of T lymphocytes in a variety of clinical lesions of mycosis fungoides. Anti-CD1a and Lag antibodies that specifically react with Birbeck granules and related structures of human Langerhans cells were used immunohistochemically. CD1a+ cells in the dermis of lesions of mycosis fungoides significantly increased in plaques of the plaque stage and in plaques of the tumor stage. They were most frequent in lesions with CD4+ cells ranging in number from 100 to 150/mm2. These lesions were suspected to be progressing from the plaque to the tumor stage. During the course of the disease, most of the dermal CD1a+ cells had few Lag antigens. These results suggest that dermal CD1a+Lag- cells may promote the progression of mycosis fungoides from the plaque to the tumor stage.
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PMID:A subpopulation of Langerhans cells (CD1a+Lag-) increased in the dermis of plaque lesions of mycosis fungoides. 171 24

A 54-year-old man was admitted because of right supraclavicular lymphadenopathy of some weeks duration. Computed axial tomography revealed a large multinodular lesion in a supraclavicular lymph node. The patient then had a supraclavicular lymph node biopsy. Light microscopy showed a tumor whose structure was suggestive of an interdigitating cell sarcoma. Enzyme and immunohistochemical analysis showed that the tumor cells possessed membranous adenosine triphosphatase activity, intracytoplasmic S100 protein, surface CD1a and CD4 antigens, and HLA-DR antigen. Ultrastructural examination showed that the cells exhibited many interdigitating cytoplasmic extensions, but no Birbeck granules. DNA content analysis of the tumor cells proved that the cells were malignant. These data are consistent with derivation from a lymph node interdigitating cell.
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PMID:Lymph node interdigitating cell sarcoma. A case report. 172 55

The differentiation of two types of T-lymphocyte accessory cells, i.e., interdigitating reticulum cells and Langerhans cells, was studied immunocytochemically and ultrastructurally on cutaneous lesions from patients with mycosis fungoides, a neoplasm of mature T-lymphocytes. In such a condition the lymphoid infiltrate creates, adjacent to the epidermis, a microenvironment in the dermis similar to that of T-cell areas of lymphoid organs. Immunocytochemistry revealed that CD11c+ CD1a- putative monocytic cells co-exist with CD11c+ CD1a+ putative mature accessory cells. By electron microscopy, large numbers of interdigitating reticulum cells in the dermal infiltrate and Langerhans cells in the epidermis were found. Furthermore, monocytes were frequently observed, at times with cells showing intermediate features between monocytes and interdigitating reticulum cells on the one hand and Langerhans cells on the other. In the absence of proliferative phenomena of the above cells, it is conceivable that both interdigitating reticulum cells and Langerhans cells originate from locally migrated monocytes. A possible role of the local tissue micro-environment--namely the T-lymphoid microenvironment for interdigitating reticulum cells and the epidermal microenvironment for Langerhans cells--in inducing the differentiation of monocytes into the two kinds of accessory cells is proposed.
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PMID:Differentiation of interdigitating reticulum cells and Langerhans cells in the human skin with T-lymphoid infiltrate. An immunocytochemical and ultrastructural study. 251 48

Peptides of melanosomal proteins have recently been shown to be recognized in an HLA-restricted mode by specific cytolytic T lymphocytes in melanoma patients. Dendritic antigen-presenting cells (DC) are considered to be the most effective stimulators of T cell responses, and the use of these cells has therefore been proposed to generate therapeutic responses to tumor antigens in cancer patients. We, therefore, generated DC from peripheral blood of normal donors in the presence of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4. Flow cytometric analysis of the cells during a 2-week culture revealed a loss of CD14 and CD34 expression, a concomittent increase of CD1a, CD11a,b and c, CD44, CD45, CD54, HLA-class I and II, and intermediate levels of CD26, CD80 and CD86. Cultured DC stimulated proliferation of allogeneic T cells and induced a marked, up to 20-fold, stimulation of T cell proliferation after pulsing with tetanus toxoid. To achieve independence of already-identified antigenic peptides presented in HLA class I-restricted fashion, which limits the general applicability of such peptides for vaccination of melanoma patients, we tested whether DC are transfectable with eukaryotic expression plasmids. DC transfected with two reporter genes (CAT, beta-galactosidase) using a liposome-based transfection technique, exhibited only low levels of enzymatically active proteins, but were able to degrade rapidly intracellular proteins and to process peptides efficiently. Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase as well as tyrosinase mRNA were detectable after transfection by reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme activities became measurable. Furthermore, DC transfected with the tyrosinase gene were able to induce specific T cell activation in vitro, indicating appropriate peptide processing and presentation in DC after transfection. These data suggest new approaches to future tumor vaccination strategies.
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PMID:Dendritic cells generated from peripheral blood transfected with human tyrosinase induce specific T cell activation. 748 49

To determine the differences between the cellular characteristics of thymic carcinoma and thymoma, immunohistochemical analysis with lymphocyte markers (CD1a, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 20, 21, 25, 30, 57, and 72) was performed on 23 thymic epithelial tumors other than lymphocytic thymoma: overt thymic carcinoma (OC, n = 7), atypical thymoma (n = 5), and typical thymoma (epithelial or mixed thymoma, n = 11). Among the surface antigens examined, CD5, a type of receptor molecule that signals cell growth in T cells, was expressed in neoplastic epithelial cells of the thymus, in OC (seven of seven) and atypical thymoma (two of five), but not in typical thymoma. Double labeling immunofluorescence demonstrated expression of CD5 in cytokeratin-positive cells. The CD5 molecule extracted from an OC tumor showed the same molecular size as that in the spleen, but CD72, a ligand of CD5 on the surface of B cells, was not found in the epithelial cells of OC or atypical thymoma. Expression of CD5 was not observed in carcinomas of other organs, such as lung (n = 15), breast (n = 4), esophagus (n = 6), stomach (n = 6), colon (n = 9), and uterine cervix (n = 3). CD5 is closely related to morphological changes in thymic epithelial tumors and may play a role in the evolution of OC through receptor-ligand interaction.
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PMID:CD5 expression in thymic carcinoma. 751 23

Dendritic antigen-presenting cells are considered to be the most effective stimulators of T cell immunity. The use of dendritic cells has been proposed to generate therapeutic T cell responses to tumor antigens in cancer patients. One limitation is that the number of dendritic cells in peripheral blood is exceedingly low. Dendritic cells originate from CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) which are present in the bone marrow and in small numbers in peripheral blood. CD34+ HPC can be mobilized into the peripheral blood by in vivo administration of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor. The aim of the current study was to determine whether functional dendritic cells could be elicited and grown in vitro from CD34+ HPC derived from bone marrow or granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor-mobilized peripheral blood. Culture of CD34+ HPC with granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor and tumor necrosis factor alpha yielded a heterogeneous cell population containing cells with typical dendritic morphology. Phenotypic studies demonstrated a loss of the CD34 molecule over 1 week and an increase in cells expressing surface markers associated with dendritic cells, CD1a, CD80 (B7/BB1), CD4, CD14, HLA-DR, and CD64 (Fc gamma RI). Function was validated in experiments showing that cultured cells could stimulate proliferation of allogeneic CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. Antigen-presenting capacity was further confirmed in experiments showing that cultured cells could effectively stimulate tetanus toxoid-specific responses and HER-2/neu peptide-specific responses. The derivation and expansion of dendritic cells from cultured bone marrow or granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor-mobilized CD34+ HPC may provide adequate numbers for testing of dendritic cells in clinical studies, such as vaccine and T cell therapy trials.
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PMID:Generation of immunostimulatory dendritic cells from human CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells of the bone marrow and peripheral blood. 753 43

It is well established by in vivo and in vitro studies that dendritic cells (DCs) originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells. However, the presumed intermediate of Birbeck granule (BG)+ Langerhans cells (LCs) has not been detected in cultures derived from bone marrow or peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs), thus contrasting with the data obtained with cord blood. We show here that large numbers of BG+ LCs can be generated from human CD34+ PBPCs in vitro, when granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4, potent promotors of LC/DC differentiation, are combined with a cocktail of early acting hematopoietic growth factors. LCs were found to emerge from CD33+CD11b+CD14- progenitor cells that they share with the monocytic lineage. During culture, these cells exhibited a sequence of dramatic morphologic changes, starting with a major increase in granularity followed by an increase in size herein exceeding that of all peripheral blood cells. At the same time, CD1a and major histocompatibility complex class II expression were upregulated and virtually all CD1a++ cells were BG+ by electron microscopy. With prolonged culture, CD1a was downregulated on a major population of cells, paralleled by a loss of BG and an increase of CD4, CD25, and CD80 expression that may correspond to the maturation of epidermal LC in vitro. However, these cells were consistently CD5- and did not exhibit changes in the CD45-isoform expression during culture. The availability of large numbers of these highly purified BG+ LCs and mature DCs allows for specific analysis of these subpopulations and provides a source of potent antigen-presenting cells from individual patients for vaccination protocols against infectious or tumor-associated antigens.
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PMID:Delineation of the dendritic cell lineage by generating large numbers of Birbeck granule-positive Langerhans cells from human peripheral blood progenitor cells in vitro. 754 68

Dendritic cells are considered to be the initiators of immune responses, including those directed against tumors. Clinical research on dendritic cells was long hampered by the limited availability of these cells. The recent identification of cytokine combinations that mobilize dendritic cells with potent antigen-presenting cell function from peripheral blood represented a major progress. We show in this study that substantial numbers of dendritic cells can be obtained from the peripheral blood of patients with renal-cell carcinoma. The procedure requires a relatively small blood sample (40 ml) and avoids both priming of the patient with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and leukapheresis. Approximately 2 to 8 million cells with the characteristics of dendritic cells could be obtained: phase-contrast microscopy revealed the typical cytoplasmic processes or veils; phenotypic analysis confirmed expression of dendritic-cell-associated molecules, including MHC class II, CD1a, CD4, ICAM-1 (CD54), LFA-3 (CD58), B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86), and absence of T-cell, B-cell and monocyte markers; in addition, these cells rapidly attached to and migrated on collagen-type-1-coated surfaces. Interestingly, attachment was accompanied by acquisition of the CD14 antigen; functionally, cultured dendritic cells proved to be very potent co-stimulators of the phytohemagglutinin-induced proliferation of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. The reproducible growth of functional dendritic cells from cancer patients is encouraging for the design of immunotherapy protocols.
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PMID:Dendritic antigen-presenting cells from the peripheral blood of renal-cell-carcinoma patients. 759 Dec 77

A 71-year-old Japanese woman had two dome-shaped tumors on her right buttock with several surrounding papules. Histological examination revealed that large anaplastic cells and atypical lymphoid cells densely infiltrated the entire dermis. On immunohistochemical examination, Ki-1, HLA-DR, CD25 (IL-2 receptor alpha), CD122 (IL-2 receptor beta), CD4, CD11c and CD68 were all positive in the tumor cells, whereas CD1a, CD3, CD5, CD8 and CD19 were negative. Neither rearrangement of the T-cell receptor beta, T-cell receptor gamma nor the immunoglobulin heavy-chain was seen. Ultrastructurally, most of the tumor cells contained thick bundles of intermediate filaments in the perinuclear cytoplasm. Thus, this patient was diagnosed as having Ki-1-positive lymphoma of non-T, non-B origin. No recurrence or metastasis of the tumor has been observed in the last 2 years, although surgical resection was required 3 times before control was achieved.
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PMID:Primary cutaneous CD30(Ki-1)-positive lymphoma of non-T, non-B origin. 759 89

The clinical and pathologic features of an unusual case of mediastinal lymphoma in a 46-yr-old man are presented. Histology of the tumor was that of a diffuse, non-large cell lymphoma. The nuclear chromatin was coarse, suggesting a relatively mature stage of lymphocyte maturation, and the lymphoma was provisionally classified as diffuse small-cleaved cell lymphoma. Immunohistologic study and cell surface marker analysis revealed a common thymocytic phenotype (CD3, CD1a, CD4, CD8, and TdT positive), however, and DNA flow cytometric analysis revealed a high S+G2 M fraction of 29%. With the immunostaining profile accepted as definitive for lymphoblastic lymphoma, histologic features were reassessed in retrospect. Cells having nuclear features typical of lymphoblasts were not recognized. Occasional cases of lymphoblastic lymphoma may not be recognizable when evaluated only by histology using the generally accepted criteria for diagnosis.
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PMID:Mediastinal lymphoblastic lymphoma with non-lymphoblastic histologic features. 815 54


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