Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P06126 (CD1a)
 2,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To determine the differences between the cellular characteristics of thymic carcinoma and thymoma, immunohistochemical analysis with lymphocyte markers (CD1a, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 20, 21, 25, 30, 57, and 72) was performed on 23 thymic epithelial tumors other than lymphocytic thymoma: overt thymic carcinoma (OC, n = 7), atypical thymoma (n = 5), and typical thymoma (epithelial or mixed thymoma, n = 11). Among the surface antigens examined, CD5, a type of receptor molecule that signals cell growth in T cells, was expressed in neoplastic epithelial cells of the thymus, in OC (seven of seven) and atypical thymoma (two of five), but not in typical thymoma. Double labeling immunofluorescence demonstrated expression of CD5 in cytokeratin-positive cells. The CD5 molecule extracted from an OC tumor showed the same molecular size as that in the spleen, but CD72, a ligand of CD5 on the surface of B cells, was not found in the epithelial cells of OC or atypical thymoma. Expression of CD5 was not observed in carcinomas of other organs, such as lung (n = 15), breast (n = 4), esophagus (n = 6), stomach (n = 6), colon (n = 9), and uterine cervix (n = 3). CD5 is closely related to morphological changes in thymic epithelial tumors and may play a role in the evolution of OC through receptor-ligand interaction.
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PMID:CD5 expression in thymic carcinoma. 751 23

Langerhans cells (LCs) are the predominant antigen-presenting cells in epithelial tissues. They have been known to be present in the vagina and uterine cervix. In the present study, localization of LCs in the oviduct was investigated by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry using an anti-CD1a (CD; cluster of differentiation) antibody. Although the cell density was variable, CD1a-positive LCs were detected in the oviduct epithelium. Their occurrence was most common in women at the age of 40 to 59. LCs extended cell processes along the base of the epithelium and were ultrastructurally characterized by rod-shaped Birbeck granules and a well-developed Golgi apparatus. LCs, together with lymphocytes and macrophages, are considered to engage in the mucosal immune system of the oviduct.
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PMID:Langerhans cells in the human oviduct mucosa. 1131 55

We have addressed the notion that the initiation and progression of human papillomavirus associated cancer of the uterine cervix are associated with alterations of Langerhans cells (LC) within the mucosal squamous epithelium. Since the transformation zone (TZ) of the cervix is the site where the majority of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) are initiated, in contrast to the exocervix, we decided to investigate the influence of the local microenvironment within the TZ on the function and density of LC. We show that the TZ is associated with a significant reduction in the density of immature LC (CD1a/LAG) compared to the exocervix. In contrast, the development of SILs is attributed with a relative increased density of immature LC, compared to the TZ. Furthermore, we show that this variability in LC density is correlated with a differential expression of TNFalpha and MIP3alpha within the micro-environment of the TZ and SILs. Both TZ and SIL epithelium-derived LC, in the presence of allogeneic PBMC, induced lower levels of proliferation and IL2 production and higher levels of the immunosuppressive cytokine IL10 in comparison to the exocervix. Nevertheless, the epithelium-derived LC in SILs exhibits a reduction in their functional activity, relative to the TZ. Together our studies suggest that the immunosurveillance within the epithelium of the TZ may be intrinsically perturbed due to the altered expression of chemokines/cytokines and the concomitant diminished density of LC. Furthermore, following HPV infection and the development of SILs, the function of LC may be further incapacitated by viral associated mechanisms.
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PMID:Influence of the mucosal epithelium microenvironment on Langerhans cells: implications for the development of squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix. 1180 93

Epithelial metaplasia (EpM) is an acquired tissue abnormality resulting from the transformation of epithelium into another tissue with a different structure and function. This adaptative process is associated with an increased frequency of (pre)cancerous lesions. We propose that EpM is involved in cancer development by altering the expression of adhesion molecules important for cell-mediated antitumor immunity. Langerhans cells (LCs) are intraepithelial dendritic cells that initiate immune responses against viral or tumor antigens on both skin and mucosal surfaces. In the present study, we showed by immunohistology that the density of CD1a(+) LCs is reduced in EpM of the uterine cervix compared with native squamous epithelium and that the low number of LCs observed in EpM correlates with the down-regulation of cell-surface E-cadherin. We also demonstrated that transforming growth factor-beta1 is not only overexpressed in metaplastic tissues but also reduces E-cadherin expression in keratinocytes in vitro by inducing the promoter activity of Slug and Snail transcription factors. Finally, we showed that in vitro-generated LCs adhere poorly to keratinocytes transfected with either Slug or Snail DNA. These data suggest that transforming growth factor-beta1 indirectly reduces antigen-presenting cell density in EpM by affecting E-cadherin expression, which might explain the increased susceptibility of abnormal tissue differentiation to the development of cancer by the establishment of local immunodeficiency responsible for EpM tumorigenesis.
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PMID:Transforming growth factor-beta1-mediated Slug and Snail transcription factor up-regulation reduces the density of Langerhans cells in epithelial metaplasia by affecting E-cadherin expression. 1838 19

Although human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA is detected in the majority of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) and carcinoma (SCC) of the uterine cervix, the persistence or progression of cervical lesions suggest that viral antigens are not adequately presented to the immune system. This hypothesis is reinforced by the observation that most SIL show quantitative and functional alterations of Langerhans cells (LC). The aim of this study was to determine whether prostaglandins (PG) may affect LC density in the cervical (pre)neoplastic epithelium. We first demonstrated that the epithelial expression of PGE(2) enzymatic pathways, including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 (mPGES-1), is higher in SIL and SCC compared to the normal exocervical epithelium and inversely correlated to the density of CD1a-positive LC. By using cell migration assays, we next showed that the motility of immature dendritic cells (DC) and DC partially differentiated in vitro in the presence of PGE(2) are differentially affected by PGE(2). Immature DC had a lower ability to migrate in the presence of PGE(2) compared to DC generated in vitro in the presence of PGE(2). Finally, we showed that PGE(2) induced a cytokine production profile and phenotypical features of tolerogenic DC, suggesting that the altered expression of PGE(2) enzymatic pathways may promote the cervical carcinogenesis by favouring (pre)cancer immunotolerance.
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PMID:High expression of PGE2 enzymatic pathways in cervical (pre)neoplastic lesions and functional consequences for antigen-presenting cells. 1880 97