Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P05412 (c-Jun)
 11,453 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

v-crk is an oncogene identified originally in CT10 chicken tumor virus. C3G, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rap1 and R-Ras, is postulated to transduce the oncogenic signal of v-Crk to c-Jun kinase (JNK). We have found that R-Ras, but not Rap1, mediates JNK activation by v-Crk in 293T and NIH 3T3 cells. Constitutively activated R-Ras, R-Ras(Val-38), but not Rap1(Val-12), activated JNK, as did the constitutively active H-Ras(Val-12) or Rac1(Val-12). v-Crk activation of JNK was inhibited by a dominant-negative mutant of R-Ras, R-Ras(Asn-43). JNK activation by R-Ras(Val-38) was inhibited by a dominant-negative mutant of mixed lineage kinase 3. Among six GEFs for Ras-family G proteins, mSos1, Ras-GRF, C3G, CalDAG-GEFI, Ras-GRP/CalDAG-GEFII, and Epac/cAMP-GEFI, GEFs for either H-Ras or R-Ras activated JNK and c-Jun-dependent transcription. CalDAG-GEFI and Epac/cAMP-GEFI, both of which are GEFs specific for Rap1, did not activate JNK or c-Jun-dependent transcription. These results demonstrate that R-Ras, but not Rap1, is the downstream effector of C3G to stimulate JNK. Finally, we found that expression of the dominant-negative R-Ras mutant induced flat reversion of NIH 3T3 cells transformed by v-Crk, suggesting that R-Ras-dependent JNK activation is critical for the transformation by v-Crk.
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PMID:Crk activation of JNK via C3G and R-Ras. 1077 59

The NMDA receptor is believed to be important in a wide range of nervous system functions including neuronal migration, synapse formation, learning and memory. In addition, it is involved in excitotoxic neuronal cell death that occurs in a variety of acute and chronic neurological disorders. Besides of agonist/coagonist sites, other modulator sites, including butyrophenone site may regulate the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. It has been shown that haloperidol, an antipsychotic neuroleptic drug, interacts with the NR2B subunit of NMDA receptor and inhibits NMDA response in neuronal cells. We found that NMDA receptor was co-immunoprecipitated by anti-Ras antibody and this complex, beside NR2 subunit of NMDA receptor contained haloperidol-binding proteins, nNOS and Ras-GRF. Furthermore, we have shown that haloperidol induces neurotoxicity of neuronal cells via NMDA receptor complex, accompanied by dissociation of Ras-GRF from membranes and activation of c-Jun-kinase. Inclusion of insulin prevented relocalization of Ras-GRF and subsequent neuronal death. Haloperidol-induced dissociation of Ras-GRF leads to inhibition of membrane-bound form of Ras protein and changes downstream regulators activity that results in the initiation of the apoptotic processes via the mitochondrial way. Our results suggest that haloperidol induces neuronal cell death by the interaction with NMDA receptor, but through the alternative from glutamate excitotoxicity signaling pathway.
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PMID:Haloperidol induces neurotoxicity by the NMDA receptor downstream signaling pathway, alternative from glutamate excitotoxicity. 1709 7