Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P05231 (interleukin-6)
 23,907 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of the sinusoidal endothelial cell (SEC) during the clinical course of alcoholic hepatitis. Twenty consenting patients (mean age: 49.4 +/- 11.0 years) with moderate or severe hepatitis were studied. The patients were selected and characterized according to their history of drinking and laboratory profile, including serum aminotransferases, bilirubin, total white blood cell and neutrophil count, and prothrombin times. C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 were also measured as markers of the hepatic acute phase response. A marker of the SEC functional state, the circulating level of hyaluronan, was measured in parallel with the circulating levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)-1 over a 6-month observation period. All patients were hospitalized for the first month and encouraged to abstain from drinking for the duration of the study. The initial increased levels of both hyaluronan (542 +/- 32 ng x ml(-1) serum) and sICAM-1 (488 +/- 70 ng x ml(-1) serum), gradually fell during the 6-month observation period, eventually reaching values close to those seen in healthy subjects. A positive correlation was obtained between changes in these two markers of SEC function/activation on the one hand, and between these two tests and bilirubin, on the other hand. These data indicate that abnormalities of SEC function/activation, as reflected by serum hyaluronan and siCAM-1, are prominent in alcoholic hepatitis, and these alterations improve within relatively short periods of time after cessation of alcohol consumption.
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PMID:Hyperhyaluronanemia in alcoholic hepatitis is associated with increased levels of circulating soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1. 975 49

The changes in serum concentrations of cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) beta, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha and a soluble-intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM-1) has been investigated in patients with stable angina and acute myocardial infarction. Thirty-four patients with stable angina (SA), 15 with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and 20 subjects in the control (C) group were included in the study. The mean serum concentrations of sICAM-1, IL-1-beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha differed significantly among the three groups. Serum concentrations of IL-1 beta, sICAM-1, and TNF-alpha were comparable in the AMI and SA groups and higher than those found in the C group (p < 0.001). The serum concentration of IL-6 was more than twice as high in the AMI group as compared to the other two groups (p < 0.001). The mean serum concentrations of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 were comparable in the AMI and SA groups and higher than in the C group.
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PMID:Circulating interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and soluble ICAM-1 in patients with chronic stable angina and myocardial infarction. 1122 83

Inflammation plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis, but the specific stimuli governing cytokine release in atherogenesis are unknown. We examined the hypothesis that hypertension may increase the risk of atherosclerosis via proinflammatory effects. In a cross-sectional study involving 508 apparently healthy men, we studied the association between blood pressure and baseline plasma concentrations of 2 inflammatory markers, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P=0.003), pulse pressure (PP) (P=0.019), and mean arterial pressure (P=0.014) was significantly associated with levels of sICAM-1. All of these measures of blood pressure, as well as diastolic blood pressure (DBP), were significantly associated with levels of IL-6 (all, P</=0.001). In multiple linear regression models controlled for age and other cardiac risk factors, SBP (7.6 ng/mL per 10 mm Hg, P=0.016) and PP (8.13 ng/mL per 10 mm Hg, P=0.038) were significantly associated with sICAM-1 levels, whereas SBP (0.11 pg/mL per 10 mm Hg, P<0.001), DBP (0.11 pg/mL per 10 mm Hg, P=0.008), PP (0.10 pg/mL per 10 mm Hg, P=0.009), and mean arterial pressure (0.15 pg/mL per 10 mm Hg, P<0.001) had similar strong relationships with log-transformed IL-6 levels. Therefore, in apparently healthy men, we observed significant graded relationships between blood pressure and levels of sICAM-1 as well as IL-6. These data suggest that increased blood pressure may be a stimulus for inflammation and that this is a possible mechanism underlying the well-established role of hypertension as a risk factor for atherosclerotic disease.
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PMID:Blood pressure and inflammation in apparently healthy men. 1156 12

In local or metastatic cancer, a prognostic tumour marker could be a valuable tool in the selection of different treatments. In renal cell cancer (RCC) no such markers have been available. We therefore evaluated the association between several pretreatment serum markers, tumour classification and short term survival in RCC patients. Serum samples were collected before surgery and three months thereafter from 24 RCC patients. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL- 12, soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) were measured in serum samples using specific commercial enzyme immunoassay kits. Serum IL-6, sIL-2R and sICAM-1 levels before nephrectomy were significantly higher in non-local tumours than in local ones (mean IL-6 53 pg/ml versus 6.3 pg/ml, and sICAM-1 443 ng/ml versus 290 ng/ml, sIL-2R 3779 pg/ml versus 1796 pg/ml). In contrast, IL-12 levels were higher in local tumours (148 versus 102 pg/ml) and the levels increased significantly (P < 0.005) after removal of the primary tumour in patients with local disease. All patients with local tumours had normal IL-6 values, while only one with a non-local tumour had IL-6 levels below 10 pg/ml. In addition, IL-6 and sICAM-1 levels before operation were significantly higher in patients with short (less than one year) survival (p=0.007 to IL-6 and p=0.006 to sICAM-1). In contrast, patients with shorter survival had significantly lower IL-12 (p=0.03) levels. Our findings suggest that RCC induces changes in several immunological parameters. These soluble immunological factors, IL-6, IL-12, sIL-2R and sICAM-1, might have a role as prognostic factors in RCC.
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PMID:Soluble immunological parameters and early prognosis of renal cell cancer patients. 1187 46

Elevated levels of soluble cell adhesion molecules (sCAMs), inflammatory cytokines and C-reactive protein (CRP) have been associated with atherosclerotic disease states. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether circulating levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), E- and P-selectin were significantly elevated in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) compared with healthy controls, and to study possible associations between these sCAMs, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha). interleukin-6 (IL-6), CRP and major CHD risk factors. The study included 193 patients in various stages of CHD and 193 matched controls. To evaluate any possible influence of acute phase reaction, reinvestigation was performed after 6 months. After adjustment for major CHD risk factors, sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, P-selectin, IL-6 and CRP remained significantly elevated in the CHD patients (p for all <0.001). In multivariate analysis sVCAM-1 was predicted by age (p=0.015), sICAM-1 by smoking (p<0.001) and total cholesterol (p=0.026), E-selectin by body mass index (BMI) (p=0.004) and P-selectin by male gender (p=0.015). TNFalpha significantly predicted sICAM-1 and E-selectin levels, while IL-6 predicted CRP but none of the sCAMs measured. This might indicate that TNFalpha, but not IL-6, plays a major role in the regulation of sCAM levels in vivo.
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PMID:Increased levels of markers of vascular inflammation in patients with coronary heart disease. 1200 14

Intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), a cellular adhesion molecule that mediates the interaction of activated endothelial cells with leukocytes, is involved in various inflammatory and cardiovascular disorders. The relation between these markers and genetic polymorphism, however, remains to be elucidated. The aim of this study is to estimate the effect of a single-base polymorphism at codon 241 in exon 4 of ICAM-1 gene on serum sICAM-1 concentration in a healthy population, taking into account other biological determinants of sICAM-1 level. Serum sICAM-1 levels and the G/R241 polymorphism of the ICAM-1 gene were measured in a large healthy population consisting of 413 children aged 6-21 years and 363 adults aged 38-55 years extracted from the Stanislas cohort. The R241 allele was significantly associated with lower sICAM-1 levels and explained 3.4 and 1.9% of the sICAM-1 variability in children and adults, respectively. A codominant pattern contributed better to the model after adjustment for covariates as the RR homozygote effect was higher than that of the GR heterozygote. Moreover, significant independent associations were found between sICAM-1 and smoking, insulin resistance index (HOMA IR), interleukin-6 level, and alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase activities. In conclusion, this study revealed a significant association between the G/R241 ICAM-1 polymorphism and serum sICAM-1 levels, probably due to the impairment in binding of ICAM-1 to leukocyte integrin Mac-1 protein.
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PMID:Association between Gly241Arg ICAM-1 gene polymorphism and serum sICAM-1 concentration in the Stanislas cohort. 1293 54

Inflammation and the recruitment of monocytes into the artery wall are thought to be important aspects in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. The present study was designed to examine the effects of a rigorous diet and exercise intervention on plasma lipids and inflammatory and circulating adhesion molecules. Twenty postmenopausal women at risk for coronary artery disease (CAD) were placed on a high-fiber, low-fat diet, where food was provided ad libitum and daily aerobic exercise, primarily walking, was performed. In each subject, pre- and post-intervention fasting blood was drawn for serum lipid, insulin, glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and both soluble (s) intracellular and vascular adhesion molecule (sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1) were measured. After 2 weeks, significant reductions in body mass index (BMI) (P <.001), glucose (P <.05), insulin (P <.01), all serum lipids, and total cholesterol (total-C):high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (P <.01). Reductions in homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (P <.01), CRP (P <.01), SAA (P <.01) and sICAM-1 (P <.05) were noted, as well as an increase in the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (P <.05). Reductions were also noted in 5 women not using hormone replacement therapy (HRT). No significant reductions were found in IL-6 or sVCAM-1 in response to the intervention. Overall, this intervention resulted in improved metabolic and lipid profiles, reduced inflammatory, and cell adhesion molecules in postmenopausal women in the absence of caloric restriction. The rapid improvements may reduce the risk of acute myocardial infarction (MI), and if sustained, these changes may mitigate the risk for atherosclerosis progression and its clinical consequences.
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PMID:Effect of diet and exercise intervention on inflammatory and adhesion molecules in postmenopausal women on hormone replacement therapy and at risk for coronary artery disease. 1501 51

We evaluated the hypothesis that intake of (n-3) fatty acids is inversely associated with biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial activation. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 727 women from the Nurses' Health Study I cohort, aged 43-69 y, apparently healthy at time of a blood draw in 1990. Dietary intake was assessed by a validated FFQ in 1986 and 1990. C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were 29% lower among those in the highest quintile of total (n-3) fatty acids, compared with the lowest quintile; interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were 23% lower, E-selectin levels 10% lower, soluble intracellular adhesion molecule (sICAM-1) levels 7% lower, and soluble vascular adhesion molecule (sVCAM-1) levels 8% lower. The intake of alpha-linolenic acid was inversely related to plasma concentrations of CRP (beta = -0.55, P = 0.02), Il-6 (beta = -0.36, P = 0.01), and E-selectin (beta = -0.24, P = 0.008) after controlling for age, BMI, physical activity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and intake of linoleic acid (n-6) and saturated fat. Long-chain (n-3) fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic) were inversely related to sICAM-1 (beta = -0.11, P = 0.03) and sVCAM-1 (beta = -0.17, P = 0.003). Total (n-3) fatty acids had an inverse relation with CRP (beta = -0.44, P = 0.007), IL-6 (beta = -0.26, P = 0.009), E-selectin (beta = -0.17, P = 0.004), sICAM-1 (beta = -0.07, P = 0.02), and sVCAM-1 (beta = -0.10, P = 0.004). These associations were not modified by intake of vitamin E, dietary fiber, trans fatty acids, or by the use of postmenopausal hormone therapy. In conclusion, this study suggests that dietary (n-3) fatty acids are associated with levels of these biomarkers reflecting lower levels of inflammation and endothelial activation, which might explain in part the effect of these fatty acids in preventing cardiovascular disease.
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PMID:Consumption of (n-3) fatty acids is related to plasma biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial activation in women. 1522 73

In recent years, it has become apparent that low-grade vascular inflammation plays a key role in all stages of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Weight loss has been shown to improve blood inflammatory markers; however, it is unknown if weight-loss diets varying in macronutrient composition differentially affect inflammatory responses. The primary purpose of the present study was to compare a very-low-carbohydrate diet and a low-fat weight-loss diet on inflammatory biomarkers in overweight men. In a randomized cross-over design, 15 overweight men (body fat, >25%; body mass index, 34 kg/m2) consumed two experimental weight-loss diets for two consecutive 6-week periods: a very-low-carbohydrate diet (<10% energy via carbohydrate) and a low-fat diet (<30% energy via fat). Both the low-fat and the very-low-carbohydrate diets resulted in significant decreases in absolute concentrations of hsTNF-alpha (high-sensitivity tumour necrosis factor-alpha), hsIL-6 (high-sensitivity interleukin-6), hsCRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) and sICAM-1 (soluble intercellular cell-adhesion molecule-1). There was no significant change in absolute sP-selectin (soluble P-selectin) concentrations after either diet. Normalized inflammatory values represented as the delta change per 1 kg reduction in body mass showed a significant difference between the two diets only for sP-selectin (P<0.05). In summary, energy-restricted low-fat and very-low-carbohydrate diets both significantly decreased several biomarkers of inflammation. These data suggest that, in the short-term, weight loss is primarily the driving force underlying the reductions in most of the inflammatory biomarkers.
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PMID:Weight loss leads to reductions in inflammatory biomarkers after a very-low-carbohydrate diet and a low-fat diet in overweight men. 1526 1

Trans fatty acid intake has been associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. The relation is explained only partially by the adverse effect of these fatty acids on the lipid profile. We examined whether trans fatty acid intake could also affect biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (sTNFR-2), E-selectin, and soluble cell adhesion molecules (sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1). We conducted a cross-sectional study of 730 women from the Nurses' Health Study I cohort, aged 43-69 y, free of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes at time of blood draw (1989-1990). Dietary intake was assessed by a validated FFQ in 1986 and 1990. CRP levels were 73% higher among those in the highest quintile of trans fat intake, compared with the lowest quintile. IL-6 levels were 17% higher, sTNFR-2 5%, E-selectin 20%, sICAM-1 10%, and sVCAM-1 levels 10% higher. Trans fatty acid intake was positively related to plasma concentration of CRP (P = 0.009), sTNFR-2 (P = 0.002), E-selectin (P = 0.003), sICAM-1 (P = 0.007), and sVCAM-1 (P = 0.001) in linear regression models after controlling for age, BMI, physical activity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, intake of monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and saturated fatty acids, and postmenopausal hormone therapy. In conclusion, this study suggests that higher intake of trans fatty acids could adversely affect endothelial function, which might partially explain why the positive relation between trans fat and cardiovascular risk is greater than one would predict based solely on its adverse effects on lipids.
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PMID:Consumption of trans fatty acids is related to plasma biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. 1573 94


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