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Query: UNIPROT:P05231 (interleukin-6)
 23,907 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Plasma cells isolated from bone marrow (BM) aspirates of 15 patients with active multiple myeloma (MM) were cultured and analysed for in vitro proliferative response and Ig-synthesis upon stimulation with interleukin-3 (IL-3), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The proliferative response, determined as Ki-67 positivity in concentrated plasma cells, was increased by IL-6 (Stimulation Index, SI = 1.77 +/- 0.21 (M +/- SEM] but not by IL-3 or IL-4. This proliferation could be blocked by anti-IL-6. In vitro Ig-synthesis was stimulated by IL-4 (SI = 1.62 +/- 0.12 (M +/- SEM) P less than 0.05) but not by IL-6 or IL-3. This effect was not antagonized by anti-IL-6. An inverse correlation was found in this group of patients between the IL-6 induced stimulation of plasma cell proliferative activity and the IL-4 induced increase of Ig-synthesis (P = 0.027). These data indicate in MM that Ig-synthesis and the in vitro proliferative activity may be stimulated by different haematopoietic growth factors, which may reflect the involvement of different responding cells.
Br J Haematol 1991 Dec
PMID:In vitro Ig-synthesis and proliferative activity in multiple myeloma are stimulated by different growth factors. 177 80

The production of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and interleukin-6 by human antral mucosa during short term culture in vitro has been measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. TNF alpha and interleukin-6 concentrations in culture supernatants were significantly greater (p less than 0.001) in patients infected with Helicobacter pylori, all of whom had chronic gastritis, than in patients who were H pylori negative with histologically normal gastric mucosa. Among H pylori colonised patients, TNF alpha concentrations were significantly higher in those with active gastritis and neutrophil infiltration into the epithelium than in those with inactive gastritis. In contrast, interleukin-6 concentrations were raised in both active and inactive gastritis. This study shows that H pylori gastritis is associated with increased gastric mucosal production of TNF alpha and interleukin-6 and that the nature of the mucosal cytokine response varies with the immunohistology of the disease. Inflammatory cytokines generated locally within the gastric mucosa could be relevant to the gastric physiology of H pylori infection.
Gut 1991 Dec
PMID:Mucosal tumour necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 in patients with Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis. 177 51

Peripheral venous plasma concentrations of interleukin-6 were studied in 21 patients with active Crohn's disease, 20 patients with ulcerative colitis, and 16 control subjects. Interleukin-6 was detected in the plasma of 18 of 21 patients with Crohn's disease (median 47 (range less than 20-250) pg/ml) but in only two with ulcerative colitis and two control subjects. In the patients with Crohn's disease there was a significant negative correlation between the plasma interleukin-6 and the serum albumin concentrations. In eight patients with Crohn's disease and five patients with ulcerative colitis undergoing resection plasma from peripheral circulation and mesenteric vein draining diseased intestine was studied. Interleukin-6 was detected in seven of eight peripheral and mesenteric samples from the patients with Crohn's disease but was not detected in any of the samples from the patients with ulcerative colitis. There was no significant difference between mesenteric and peripheral samples in the concentrations of interleukin-6.
Gut 1991 Dec
PMID:High circulating concentrations of interleukin-6 in active Crohn's disease but not ulcerative colitis. 177 61

The expression and biological function of interleukin-6(IL-6), and its receptor mRNA, were studied in a human megakaryocytic cell line (CMK). IL-6 possessed stimulatory effects on the DNA synthesis as well as colony formation of CMK cells. The IL-6 receptor mRNA could be detected by the method of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) but not Northern blotting. On the contrary, IL-6 mRNA was detected by the method of RT-PCR, and its expression induced by the addition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) could be clearly shown by Northern blotting. These findings indicate that IL-6 and its receptor mRNA should be analyzed by both methods, and the growth and differentiation of CMK cells may be controlled by an IL-6 autocrine loop. Next, the expression and biological role of low molecular GTP-binding proteins (smg p21A and -B) mRNAs were examined in CMK cells. Both the smg p21A and -B mRNAs were detected in CMK cells using Northern blotting, and their levels were markedly elevated by TPA treatment. The mRNA level of glycoprotein IIb, a typical marker of the megakaryocytes, was increased by TPA, but the time course of the increase in the smg p21 mRNA levels was more rapid that that in the GPIIb mRNA level. These findings suggest that smg p21s play an important role during the TPA-induced differentiation of CMK cells.
Rinsho Byori 1991 Dec
PMID:[Expression and detection of platelet specific genes in human megakaryocytic cells]. 177 68

1. The effect of recombinant human interleukin-6 on the antiproliferation and differentiation inducing actions of all-trans retinoic acid in HL-60 human myeloid leukaemia cells was studied in short-term liquid suspension culture. 2. Interleukin-6 alone showed no significant effect on HL-60 human myeloid leukaemia cells. 3. The addition of interleukin-6 to all-trans retinoic acid-treated cultures of HL-60 human myeloid leukaemia cells significantly enhanced the desired antiproliferation effect of all-trans retinoic acid. 4. The combination of interleukin-6 with all-trans retinoic acid reduced the doses of all-trans retinoic acid required to induce the same differentiation of HL-60 cells as single agent by between 1.7- and 4.8-fold; that is, the efficacy of all-trans retinoic acid in inducing the differentiation of human myeloid leukaemia HL-60 cells was increased up to 4.8 times by its combination with interleukin-6. 5. The combination of all-trans retinoic acid and interleukin-6 could provide an effective alternative therapy for elderly myeloid leukaemia patients.
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1991 Dec
PMID:Recombinant human interleukin-6 enhances the antiproliferation and differentiation inducing effects of retinoic acid in HL-60 human myeloid leukaemic cells. 179 49

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) of unknown etiology. They are characterized by an activation of intestinal mononuclear cells. Cytokines play a crucial role in the regulation of the functions of these cells. An increased synthesis of the cytokines interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), which are primarily synthesized by activated monocytes/macrophages has been described in patients with IBD. The synthesis of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and of interferon gamma (IFN gamma), which are produced by lymphocytes, on the other hand, has been found to be decreased. The published data are, however, not quite consistent. In patients with IBD there is not only a stimulation of the local cytokine production in the gut. The blood levels and the synthesis of the cytokines IL-1, IL-6 and TNF alpha by peripheral blood mononuclear cells are also increased, in particular in patients with Crohn's disease. Drugs, which are commonly used for the treatment of IBD impair the synthesis of these cytokines in monocytes/macrophages.
Klin Wochenschr 1991 Dec 15
PMID:Inflammatory mediators in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases. 179 95

Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) gene expression is downmodulated by sequence elements downstream of the transcriptional initiation site, corresponding to the U5 region of the long terminal repeat (LTR) and further downstream. This repression appeared to be related more to the length of the sequence intervening the transcriptional initiation site and the coding region than to a particular sequence content. The repressive effect of the downstream segment was not affected by HIV-2 and HIV-1 TAT or by the cytomegalovirus transactivator IE-2 gene. Nor was it affected by T-cell activation signals or by such cytokines as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon-gamma (IFN gamma), and interferon-alpha (IFN alpha). In contrast to HIV-1, HIV-2 LTR-directed gene expression was not modulated by TNF-alpha. A specific sequence element, located downstream of the TAR element in the R region, seemed to participate in modulation of gene expression. This element interacted with a nuclear protein with a mobility of about 26 kD. The repressive effect of the downstream sequence was to a certain extent cell type dependent, suggesting the involvement of cell type-specific factors. It was more effective in human lymphocytic CEM cells than in Jurkat cells. This may be relevant to the HIV-2 cell tropism (replication), latency, and virulence.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1991 Dec
PMID:Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) gene expression: downmodulation by sequence elements downstream of the transcriptional initiation site. 181 41

We developed the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for interleukin-6 (IL-6). The detection limit was 30 pg per ml. Using this method, we examined the IL-6 levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of 10 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and 12 age-matched normal controls. IL-6 was detected in 6 out of 10 patients with MS. There was no significant correlation between the IL-6 levels and other parameters, including IgG, IgG index, cell counts, total protein and albumin in the CSF. Our results suggest that IL-6 detected in the MS-CSF may have no correlation to the immunological processes.
Jpn J Psychiatry Neurol 1991 Dec
PMID:Interleukin-6 levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis. 181 82

Concentrations of interleukin-6 and neopterin were measured in sera from 44 patients with multiple myeloma. To judge the relative prognostic value of these analyses, other clinical and laboratory variables were concomitantly determined. The patients were followed up to 9 years, and the abilities of all variables to predict outcome were assessed. Both neopterin (P = 0.0008) and interleukin-6 (P = 0.033) were significantly higher in patients with higher stages of the disease. The correlation between interleukin-6 and neopterin was weak but significant (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, 0.38; P = 0.019). By univariate survival analysis using the product-limit approach, both neopterin (P = 0.0001) and interleukin-6 (P = 0.025) were identified as significant predictors of survival. Multivariate survival analyses by the proportional hazards technique demonstrated that either stage and neopterin or neopterin and interleukin-6 are useful combinations of predictor variables. Thus, interleukin-6, which is supposed to influence progression of multiple myeloma in an autocrine or paracrine manner, failed to contribute to prediction if stage was included in a model. In contrast, neopterin remained significant in all multivariate models.
Cancer Res 1991 Dec 01
PMID:Predictive value of interleukin-6 and neopterin in patients with multiple myeloma. 193 85

The effect of two synthetic lipid A partial structures, compound 406 (or LA-14-PP, identical in structure to the lipid A precursor, known as Ia or IVa) and compound 401 (lipid X), on the in vitro modulation of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide)-induced interleukin-6 production by human blood mononuclear cells was investigated. Lipopolysaccharide of Salmonella abortus equi and synthetic Escherichia coli-type lipid A (compound 506, or LA-15-PP) had potent interleukin-6-inducing capacities. The maximum release of interleukin-6 was found after stimulation with 1 to 10 ng of lipopolysaccharide or 10 to 100 ng of synthetic E. coli-type lipid A per ml. Both synthetic lipid A partial structures (compounds 406 and 401) failed to induce interleukin-6 release. However, they inhibited lipopolysaccharide- or lipid A-induced interleukin-6 production in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition was found not only in mononuclear cells but also in purified monocytes and was not due to a shift in the kinetics of cytokine production. Suppression was manifested in the early stage of interleukin-6 production. Inhibition was also found in the presence of recombinant gamma interferon, indicating that compound 406 and recombinant gamma interferon act in different, independent pathways. Our data, therefore, indicate that the inhibition of interleukin-6 production by lipid A partial structures may help elucidate the mechanism of interaction of the lipid A component of lipopolysaccharide with immune cells in the inflammatory reaction during gram-negative infection.
Infect Immun 1991 Dec
PMID:Inhibition of endotoxin-induced interleukin-6 production by synthetic lipid A partial structures in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. 193 25


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