Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P05231 (interleukin-6)
 23,907 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This experimental study investigated the antioxidant status of rats after resveratrol (R) treatment following 70% partial hepatectomy. Thirty Wistar albino rats (200 to 250 g) were divided among: groups A and B (n = 10 each) underwent laparotomy and 70% partial hepatectomy (PH). Whereas rats in group A received resveratrol 60 mg/d per nasogastric tube for 7 days before and 3 days after PH (PH + R), those in group B underwent PH only. Rats in group C (n = 10) were subjected to a sham operation. Significant increases in tissue levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were observed in the PH group receiving R compared with those of the PH group (P < .001 for all). Comparison of these parameters with those of the sham group revealed significantly higher tissue levels of GSH and lower MDA levels among sham-operated compared with PH + R and PH groups (P < .001 for all). Concerning the NO levels, a trend to a slightly decrease was observed in the PH + R group (P < .06). Interleukin-6 levels showed significant decreases in both PH + R and PH groups (P < .001 and P < .05, respectively). The tissue GSH levels were slightly decreased in PH + R (P < .05), and decreased in the PH group compared with the controls (P = .002). We have suggested that patients undergoing living donor liver transplantation would likely benefit from prophylactic treatment with foods having resveratrol.
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PMID:Effect of resveratrol on oxidative stress enzymes in rats subjected to 70% partial hepatectomy. 1826 9

As the applications of industrial nanoparticles are being developed, the concerns on the environmental health are increasing. Cytotoxicities of titanium dioxide nanoparticles of different concentrations (5, 10, 20 and 40 microg/ml) were evaluated in this study using a cultured human bronchial epithelial cell line, BEAS-2B. Exposure of the cultured cells to nanoparticles led to cell death, reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase, reduced glutathione (GSH) decrease, and the induction of oxidative stress-related genes such as heme oxygenase-1, thioredoxin reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, catalase, and a hypoxia inducible gene. The ROS increase by titanium dioxide nanoparticles triggered the activation of cytosolic caspase-3 and chromatin condensation, which means that titanium dioxide nanoparticles exert cytotoxicity by an apoptotic process. Furthermore, the expressions of inflammation-related genes such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), TNF-a, and C-X-C motif ligand 2 (CXCL2) were also elevated. The induction of IL-8 by titanium dioxide nanoparticles was inhibited by the pre-treatment with SB203580 and PD98059, which means that the IL-8 was induced through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and/or extracellular signal (ERK) pathway. Uptake of the nanoparticles into the cultured cells was observed and titanium dioxide nanoparticles seemed to penetrate into the cytoplasm and locate in the peri-region of the nucleus as aggregated particles, which may induce direct interactions between the particles and cellular molecules, to cause adverse biological responses.
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PMID:Oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles in cultured BEAS-2B cells. 1866 54

Accumulation of fat in the liver, also known as steatosis, may lead to inflammation and tissue damage. Kupffer cells (KCs) are the resident macrophages of the liver and have an important role in inflammatory reactions. The inflammatory response of isolated rat KCs to endotoxin in the presence of lipids was investigated in this study. KCs were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and triglycerides (TGs) alone or in combination. TGs had no effect on the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, but adding TGs to LPS enhanced the induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), compared with LPS treatment alone. Increased DNA binding of NF-kappaB transcription factor was seen on simultaneous exposure of the cells to TGs and LPS, which was accompanied by decreased intracellular ROS production and increased GSH levels. The inflammation-potentiating effect of TGs on iNOS expression was abolished on NF-kappaB inhibition. This enhanced inflammatory response might indicate a contribution of lipids to the inflammatory conditions in the fatty liver by increased activation of KCs.
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PMID:Triglycerides potentiate the inflammatory response in rat Kupffer cells. 1871 Mar 23

PC12 cells were used to examine the in vitro antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA). PC12 cells were pretreated with OA or UA at 20 and 40 microM and followed by exposure of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) or 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+)) to induce cell injury. Results showed that H(2)O(2)- or MPP(+)-treatment significantly decreased cell viability and increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release (P < 0.05). The pretreatment from OA or UA significantly and concentration-dependently reduced subsequent H(2)O(2)- or MPP(+)-induced cell death and LDH release (P < 0.05). Either H(2)O(2)- or MPP(+)-treatment significantly increased malonyldialdehyde (MDA) formation, decreased glutathione (GSH) content, and diminished glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities (P < 0.05). The pretreatment from OA or UA significantly retained GSH, and reversed H(2)O(2)- and MPP(+)-induced impairment in catalase and SOD activities (P < 0.05), and decreased MDA formation (P < 0.05). Either H(2)O(2)- or MPP(+)-treatment significantly elevated interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha levels (P < 0.05). The pretreatments from OA or UA significantly attenuated subsequent H(2)O(2)- or MPP(+)-induced release of IL-6 and TNF-alpha (P < 0.05). Based on the observed antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities from OA and UA, these 2 compounds were potent agents against neurodegenerative disorder.
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PMID:Antioxidative and anti-inflammatory protection of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in PC12 cells. 1880 14

The present study was designed to evaluate the plasma markers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity and cytokines, and their relationship with thiol redox status of basketball players during training. Sixteen professional players of the Polish Basketball Extraleague participated in the study. The study was performed during the preparatory period and the play-off round. Markers of ROS activity (lipid peroxidation TBARS, protein carbonylation PC) and reduced glutathione (GSH) demonstrated regularity over time, i.e. TBARS, PC and GSH were elevated at the beginning and decreased at the end of training periods. Oxidized glutathione (GSSG) was not affected by exercise training. Thiol redox status (GSH(total)-2GSSG/GSSG) correlated with TBARS and PC in both training periods. The level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) was increased and positively correlated with thiol redox (r=0.423) in the preparatory period, whereas tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) was increased and inversely correlated with thiol redox (r= 0.509) in the play-off round. The present study showed significant shifts in markers of ROS activity, thiol redox status and inflammatory mediators (IL-6, TNFalpha) following professional sport training as well as correlation between changes in thiol redox and cytokine response.
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PMID:Integration of the thiol redox status with cytokine response to physical training in professional basketball players. 1953 21

In the present study, we examined whether lipid infusion-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle could be reversed by the antioxidants tempol, glutathione (GSH), or tempol with GSH in male C57BL/6J mice via hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Lipid infusion increased the mRNA level of mitochondrial type superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), glutathione peroxidase 1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6. Lipid infusion decreased GSH and GSH/glutathione disulfide (GSSG) ratio and increased the activities of JNK and p38 in skeletal muscle. Lipid infusion induced insulin resistance in whole body and skeletal muscle. Treatment with the SOD mimetic tempol did not prevent oxidative stress, the inflammatory response, and insulin resistance induced by lipid infusion. Tempol alone increased oxidative stress and aggravated the lipid-induced inflammatory response. GSH at 100 and 200 micromol. kg(-1) . h(-1) did not prevent insulin resistance and the inflammatory response by lipid infusion. On the contrary, GSH at 100 micromol. kg(-1) . h(-1) with tempol prevented insulin resistance in the whole body and skeletal muscle, and it completely reversed oxidative stress and the inflammatory response. These results suggest that lipid infusion-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle is produced by oxidative stress and cotreatment with tempol and GSH inhibits lipid-induced insulin resistance.
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PMID:Inhibition of lipid infusion-induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance by cotreatment with tempol and glutathione in mice. 1960 68

The potential value of selective and non-selective COX-2 inhibitors in preventing some of the biochemical changes induced by ionizing radiation was studied in rats exposed to carrageenan-induced paw edema and 6-day-old air pouch models. The animals were exposed to different exposure levels of gamma-radiation, namely either to single doses of 2 and 7.5 Gy or a fractionated dose level of 7.5 Gy delivered as 0.5 Gy twice weekly for 7.5 weeks. The inflammatory response produced by carrageenan in irradiated rats was markedly higher than that induced in non-irradiated animals, and depended on the extent of irradiation. Celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, in doses of 3, 5, 10, and 15 mg/kg was effective in reducing paw edema in irradiated and non-irradiated rats in a dose-dependent manner as well as diclofenac (3 mg/kg), a non-selective COX inhibitor. Irradiation of animals before the induction of the air pouch by an acute dose of 2 Gy led to a significant increase in leukocytic count, as well as in the level of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), LTB(4), PGE(2) (as an index of COX-2 activity), TXB(2) (as an index of COX-1 activity), and the plasma level of MDA. This increase in level of these parameters was more marked than that observed in the non-irradiated animals subjected to the inflammagen. The blood GSH level was not affected by the dose of irradiation used, whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was suppressed. In many respects, celecoxib (5 mg/kg) was as potent as diclofenac in decreasing the elevated levels of IL-6, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, LTB(4), PGE(2), but lacked any significant effect on TXB(2) level. Since it is mostly selective for COX-2 with a rare effect on COX-1 enzyme, both drugs at the selected dose levels showed no effect on level of MDA, GSH, and SOD activity.
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PMID:The effects of celecoxib, a COX-2 selective inhibitor, on acute inflammation induced in irradiated rats. 1979 48

Renal ischemia and reperfusion injury is the major cause of acute renal failure and may also be involved in the development and progression of some forms of chronic kidney disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether doxycycline, a member of the tetracycline family of antibiotics, protects kidney tissue or not. 36 Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g) were used. The animals were divided into three groups: control, ischemia/reperfusion and ischemia/reperfusion+doxycycline group. Rats were subjected to renal ischemia by clamping the left pedicle for 1 h, and then reperfused for 1 h. The ischemia/reperfusion+doxycycline group were pretreated intraperitoneally with doxycycline suspension (10 mg/kg) 2 h before the induction of ischemia. Our results indicate that malondialdehyde, matrix-metalloproteinase-2, interleukin-2, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, interleukin 1-beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were significantly higher in the ischemia/reperfusion group than those in the control group. Doxycycline administration significantly decreased these parameters. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 levels also increased after ischemia/reperfusion and decreased with doxycycline pretreatment, but these changes were not significantly different. Glutathione levels significantly decreased after ischemia/reperfusion injury when compared with the control group and doxycycline pretreatment significantly increased glutathione levels when compared with the ischemia/reperfusion group. Apoptotic cells and p53 positive cells were significantly decreased in doxycycline treated group. These results suggest that doxycycline reduces renal oxidative injury and facilitates repair. Doxycycline may play a role in a renoprotective therapeutic regimen.
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PMID:Protective effects of doxycycline in ischemia/reperfusion injury on kidney. 1988 97

Forsythia suspensa extract has been proved as a potential antioxidant in the recent years. The present study was undertaken to obtain the optimal antioxidant fraction in vitro and examine its antioxidative potential against diquat-induced oxidative stress in male Sprague Dawley rats in vivo. In vitro, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging experiment indicated that the CH2Cl2 fraction of F. suspensa (FSC) exerted the strongest scavenging activities; forsythoside A, forythialan A and phillygenin from it might be the major antioxidant constituents. In vivo, pretreatment of rats with different doses of FSC (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg bw) and vitamin C (100 mg/kg bw, positive control) for 15 days significantly lowered the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in plasma compared to the negative control group. Also, FSC significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the levels of glutathione (GSH) in plasma, liver and kidney whereas it decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma and kidney. Moreover, the protective effect of FSC (100 mg/kg bw) was better than vitamin C. These results revealed that FSC exerted a protective effect against diquat-induced oxidative stress and is worthy of becoming a potential dietary antioxidant.
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PMID:Protective effects of Forsythia suspensa extract against oxidative stress induced by diquat in rats. 2003 1

Electrochemical immunosensors based on single wall nanotube (SWNT) forests and 5 nm glutathione-protected gold nanoparticles (GSH-AuNP) were developed and compared for the measurement of human cancer biomarker interleukin-6 (IL-6) in serum. Detection was based on sandwich immunoassays using multiple (14-16) horseradish peroxidase labels conjugated to a secondary antibody. Performance was optimized by effective blocking of non-specific binding (NSB) of the labels using bovine serum albumin. The GSH-AuNP immunosensor gave a detection limit (DL) of 10 pg mL(-1) IL-6 (500 amol mL(-1)) in 10 muL calf serum, which was 3-fold better than 30 pg mL(-1) found for the SWNT forest immunosensor for the same assay protocol. The GSH-AuNPs platform also gave a much larger linear dynamic range (20-4000 pg mL(-1)) than the SWNT system (40-150 pg mL(-1)), but the SWNTs had 2-fold better sensitivity in the low pg mL(-1) range.
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PMID:Electrochemical Immunosensors for Interleukin-6. Comparison of Carbon Nanotube Forest and Gold Nanoparticle platforms. 2004 45


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