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Query: UNIPROT:P05231 (interleukin-6)
 23,907 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thrombopoiesis, as well as antibody production, is one of the major events in which interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been reported to be involved. Polyclonal anti-murine IL-6 receptor antibody was prepared to examine the effect of the antibody on these events in IL-6-treated mice. Administration of the anti-mIL-6R antibody inhibited the IL-6-induced increase in the number of platelets. Enhancement of the serum level of DNP-specific antibody by intraperitoneal injection of IL-6 was inhibited completely with simultaneous administration of the anti-mIL-6R antibody. The level of DNP-specific antibody was decreased, even below the basal value, by the higher dose of anti-mIL-6R antibody, indicating its effect also on endogenous IL-6. This work provides evidence that anti-IL-6R antibody inhibits IL-6 function in vivo, and provides an animal model of the therapeutic use of anti-IL-6R antibody for IL-6-related disease.
Immunol Lett 1991 Sep
PMID:Anti-murine IL-6 receptor antibody inhibits IL-6 effects in vivo. 195 39

It has been proposed that certain cytokines secreted by islet-infiltrating leukocytes may be involved in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Since the cytotoxic actions by the cytokines may reflect interactions with islet cell types other than the beta-cell, in this work I have investigated the effects of different combinations of various cytokines on the proliferation and hormone content and secretion by a pure insulin-producing cell population, i.e., the clonal rat insulinoma cell line RINm5F. For this purpose RINm5F cells were exposed in culture for 1-2 days to interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) and interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) at different concentrations. It was found that IL-1 beta markedly decreased the cellular content of insulin and secretion of the hormone into the culture medium, while causing a very slight inhibition of RINm5F cell proliferation. On the other hand, IFN-gamma and IFN-alpha both elicited marked decreases in proliferation and insulin content and secretion by the insulinoma cells. IL-6 and TNF-alpha were found not to affect these parameters. No additive or synergistic effects were observed when the cytokines were added in various combinations. There was no protection against the cytotoxicity of IL-1 beta, IFN-gamma or IFN-alpha by pre-treatment with pertussis toxin. From these findings it is concluded that the cytokines IL-1 beta, IFN-gamma and IFN-alpha act in a non-synergistic fashion in suppressing RINm5F cell proliferation and hormone secretion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Immunol Lett 1991 Sep
PMID:Cytokines inhibit proliferation and insulin secretion by clonal rat insulinoma cells (RINm5F) non-synergistically and in a pertussis toxin-insensitive manner. 195 44

A large amount of interleukin-6 (IL-6) was found to be contained in human whey. The concentration of IL-6 in colostrum was significantly higher than that in serum or in milk taken 1 month after parturition. Colostrum contained many more mononuclear cells than late milk. In terms of the proportion of monocytes, T cells and B cells, however, there is no difference between colostrum and late milk. There is a significantly positive correlation between the concentration of IL-6 and the number of mononuclear cells in milk. This demonstrates that IL-6 in whey is derived in part from mononuclear cells. Stimulation of human milk mononuclear cells by Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I in the presence of anti-IL-6 antibody markedly decreased the production of IgA. This suggests that IL-6 contained in milk is closely associated with the local production of IgA in the breast.
J Reprod Immunol 1991 Sep
PMID:Detection of IL-6 in human milk and its involvement in IgA production. 196 Jul 7

Inflammatory states are associated with nervous and neuroendocrine responses, which appear to be mediated through the actions of cytokines. Since endotoxin treatment in the rat is associated with declines in thyrotropin (TSH) secretion and growth hormone (GH) secretion, changes that may be explained by stimulation of hypothalamic somatostatin (SRIF), the effects of cytokines on SRIF were examined. In an in vitro model system consisting of fetal rat diencephalic cells interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were found to stimulate the synthesis and release of SRIF. This effect developed slowly over 24 hours and was dose- and time-dependent. Acute release of SRIF over periods up to 1 hour was not found. The mechanism of cytokine stimulation of SRIF is not known. Since the depletion of glial cells in the cultures inhibits the effect, mediators that depend on the presence glia may be involved. The ability of cytokines to stimulate brain SRIF is likely to prove relevant to our understanding in many areas, including brain development, brain responses to injury, and neuroendocrine changes in chronic illness.
Metabolism 1990 Sep
PMID:Somatostatin regulation by cytokines. 197 2

The immunomodulator Uro-Vaxom (an immunoactive fraction of E. coli, FEC) is a therapeutic agent used to control bacterial infections. FEC was applied to macrophages of C57BL/6 mice to investigate the in vitro activation of these cells of the unspecific immune system. Experiments were designed to test the secretory, immuno-regulatory and cytotoxic function of macrophages after application of FEC. As presented here, production of Interleukin-6 and tumor-necrosis-factor were significantly and dose-dependent way increased, whereas it was not possible to induce a secretion of Interleukin-1. In addition, FEC activated macrophages kill Leishmania donovani promastigotes, Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. In comparison to a pressed echinaceae-preparation, FEC activated mouse macrophages secrete Interleukin-6 and tumor-necrosis-factor and kill protozoa, fungi and bacteria, with higher efficiency.
Arzneimittelforschung 1990 Sep
PMID:[Immunomodulating effect of lysed immunoactive fractions of selected Escherichia coli strains on the macrophage system. An in vitro study]. 208 Sep 45

We have investigated the role that hemopoietic regulatory molecules may play in mouse embryogenesis prior to the appearance of hemopoietic stem cells or their microenvironments. Using polymerase chain reaction analysis, we detected mRNA transcripts for interleukin-6 (IL-6) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) but not for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or IL-3 in mouse blastocysts at 3.5 days of gestation. Functional IL-6 protein was also detected in cultured blastocysts as a secreted product, as was an activity consistent with the presence of LIF protein. The expression of IL-6 and LIF in blastocysts prior to hemopoiesis suggests that these proteins may regulate the growth and development of trophoblasts or embryonic stem cells.
Mol Cell Biol 1990 Sep
PMID:The genes for leukemia inhibitory factor and interleukin-6 are expressed in mouse blastocysts prior to the onset of hemopoiesis. 211 4

We have assessed the ability of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) to augment the proliferative response of T lymphocytes from 'common-variable' hypogammaglobulinaemia (CVH) patients and from normal controls, to the mitogens phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and OKT3. We show that with cells from the control group and from those patients whose T cells respond to PHA within the control range, both IL-2 and IL-6 will significantly augment the response to OKT3. However, in those patients with a T cell defect in which the PHA response is below the control range, neither IL-2 nor IL-6 could restore the PHA or OKT3 response to normal. Responses to IL-2 or IL-6 alone were always in or above the control range.
Clin Exp Immunol 1990 Sep
PMID:Role of interleukin-2 and interleukin-6 in the mitogen responsiveness of T cells from patients with 'common-variable' hypogammaglobulinaemia. 211 44

The ability of a virulent strain of Mycobacterium avium to infect and replicate within human monocyte-derived macrophages of normal donors was assessed. Moreover, the ability of selected cytokines to modulate the intracellular growth of M. avium was investigated. Our virulent strain of M. avium grew progressively in human macrophages. Treatment of macrophage monolayers with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) did not lead to any significant change in the infection pattern. Conversely, treatment with tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) led to a significant reduction in the growth of M. avium in the macrophages. In contrast, treatment of macrophages with interleukin-6 (IL-6) enhanced their susceptibility to M. avium significantly. This finding was substantiated by other results which showed that IL-6 increased the growth of M. avium in tissue culture medium. These results suggest that cytokines may influence the M. avium-macrophage interaction, in a positive or negative manner.
Immunology 1990 Sep
PMID:Recombinant tumour necrosis factor-alpha decreases whereas recombinant interleukin-6 increases growth of a virulent strain of Mycobacterium avium in human macrophages. 212 Jan 28

Stimulated human monocytes/macrophages are a source of interleukin-6 (IL-6), which is a likely mediator involved in immune and inflammatory reactions. The means to control production of IL-6 by these cells could therefore have therapeutic applications. We report here, for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human monocytes in vitro, that the lymphokine, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) (100 U/ml), enhanced the level of IL-6 activity, whereas another lymphokine, interleukin-4 (IL-4) (greater than or equal to 0.1 U/ml; greater than or equal to 1.2 x 10(-11) M), suppressed it. The effects of the two lymphokines were manifested at the level of mRNA. The action of the IL-4 was similar to that of the glucocorticoid, dexamethasone, but observed at a lower molar concentration. Such regulation of monocyte IL-6 activity is similar to that found previously for interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) synthesis.
Immunology 1990 Sep
PMID:Contrasting effects of interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 on the interleukin-6 activity of stimulated human monocytes. 212 Jan 29

Both ultrapure human interleukin-1 (IL-1) and Escherichia coli derived recombinant IL-1 alpha and beta consistently induced the expression of major histocompatibility class II (HLA-DR) molecules in a human endometrial and a breast carcinoma cell line. [35S]Methionine incorporation into IL-1 induced, immunoprecipitable HLA-DR molecules demonstrated de novo synthesis of both light and heavy chains of the HLA-DR molecules. Lipopolysaccharide, recombinant interleukin-2 and recombinant interleukin-6 failed to induce HLA-DR expression in these epithelial cells. In contrast to the dramatic effect on HLA-DR expression, IL-1 had no effect on the epithelial cell proliferation. Pretreatment of T47D cells with estradiol-17 beta significantly decreased the IL-1 induced HLA-DR expression, and pretreatment of IL-1 with an IL-1 specific antibody, neutralized IL-1 action. These studies demonstrate that a cytokine (IL-1) and a sex steroid hormone estradiol-17 beta can interact to regulate the expression of HLA-DR molecules in epithelial cells.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990 Sep
PMID:Modulation of HLA-DR expression in epithelial cells by interleukin 1 and estradiol-17 beta. 220


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