Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P05231 (interleukin-6)
 23,907 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Various studies have shown that in vitro production of cytokines by leukocytes from the newborn are normal, decreased, or increased. We investigated the blood levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) interleukin-1 alpha, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) simultaneously to assess the cytokine response to systemic infection during the neonatal period. One or more cytokine levels were elevated in all of the newborns with sepsis. Serum TNF levels in the newborns with sepsis were significantly higher than the two control groups (P < 0.002). Serum IL-6 levels in the study group were also found to be significantly higher than the control groups (P < 0.0004 for sepsis vs adult controls and P < 0.03 for sepsis vs newborn controls). We could not find statistically significant correlation between any of the cytokine levels, C-reactive protein, white blood cells, and platelet counts and the outcome. Gram-negative bacteria were the main causative agents in these patients, although one of them was infected with gram-positive bacteria, besides one premature infant (29 weeks) with Candida sepsis also had significantly elevated TNF, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 levels. Our data show that both mature and premature neonates were able to produce and significantly increase the blood levels of the cytokines in response to sepsis. Because the biologic relevance of cytokine levels is not known, further prospective and sequential studies on cytokine levels simultaneously and correlation with clinical parameters are needed to clarify the biological role of this important component of the host defense system.
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PMID:Neonatal tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1 alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6 response to infection. 794 22

Cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-soluble receptor (TNF-sR), and adhesion molecules, e.g. vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin, play an important role in the pathogenesis of bacterial sepsis. Experimental data on cytokine expression during candidaemia are controversial. In this study, plasma concentrations of cytokines and adhesion molecules were compared between patients with sepsis due to Candida albicans and bacterial sepsis. Plasma levels of TNF-alpha, TNF-sR, IL-6, VCAM-1 and E-selectin, were determined in 20 patients with sepsis due to C. albicans, in 20 patients with bacterial sepsis, and in 20 controls on days 1, 7 and 14. On day 1, elevated plasma levels of TNF-alpha, TNF-sR and IL-6 were detected in both sepsis groups compared to controls. On day 1, VCAM-1 levels were higher, and E-selectin levels were lower in patients with Candida sepsis than in patients with bacterial sepsis (p < 0.05). At any time, VCAM-1 levels were significantly greater in patients with Candida sepsis than in patients with bacterial sepsis (p < 0.05). Non-survivors, regardless of the etiology of sepsis, had higher blood levels of IL-6, TNF-sR and E-selectin than survivors. The cytokines, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and TNF-sR, and the adhesion molecules, VCAM-1 and E-selectin, are involved in sepsis due to C. albicans as in bacterial sepsis.
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PMID:Cytokines in sepsis due to Candida albicans and in bacterial sepsis. 1047 99

As an immunomodulator, melatonin reportedly exhibits protective effects in severe sepsis/shock induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharides in animal models. The present study was conducted to evaluate the possible protective effects of melatonin against experimental Candida sepsis in rats. A total of 40 adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups: control, melatonin-treated control, septic, and melatonin-treated septic. Melatonin (200 microg/kg/d, intraperitoneally) injections were begun a week prior to sepsis induction and were continued daily for 3 wk until the end of the study. Cyclophosphamide was administered to animals in all groups as an immunosuppressive agent as a single dose 4 d prior to yeast inoculation. To cause sepsis, the Candida albicans (ATCC 10259) strain was administered intravenously. Amphotericin B was given as an antimycotic therapeutic agent as a single dose to septic rats. Plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and E-selectin were measured on the first and 15th days of sepsis. IL-6, TNF-alpha, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and E-selectin levels of septic rats were higher than those of controls. Melatonin reduced IL-6 levels and shortened time to improvement in animals with Candida sepsis. Levels of TNF-alpha and adhesion molecules in melatonin-treated septic rats were decreased compared with those in septic rats, but this difference was not statistically significant. In light of the current results, investigators conclude that melatonin may have therapeutic benefits in Candida sepsis and in classic antimycotic treatment because of its immune regulatory effects.
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PMID:Effects of melatonin on Candida sepsis in an experimental rat model. 1752 65