Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P05231 (interleukin-6)
 23,907 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Increased serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations have recently been reported in patients with subacute thyroiditis and in some patients with amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis, possibly because of cytokine release from damaged thyroid cells. In this study, serum IL-6 levels were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method in 18 patients given percutaneous intranodular ethanol injection (PIEI) for autonomously functioning thyroid nodule, 12 patients treated with radioactive iodine (RAI) for Graves' disease or toxic adenoma, and 23 patients submitted to fine needle aspiration (FNA) for nonfunctioning thyroid nodules. Baseline serum IL-6 levels did not differ in the 3 groups. PIEI was followed by a dramatic increase in median IL-6 values from 42 fmol/L (range, < 25 to 84) to 381 fmol/L (range, 61-9870; P < 0.0001); the peak value was attained as little as 10 min after injection. RAI was also followed by a significant (P < 0.0001) increase in IL-6 from 52 fmol/L (range, < 25 to 84) to 189 fmol/L (range, 119-1417 fmol/L); the increase after RAI was lower than that after PIEI (P < 0.05), and the peak value was attained later (after 24 h). FNA was also followed by a slight, but significant, increase in the serum IL-6 concentration from 21 fmol/L (range, < 25 to 103) to 109 fmol/L (range, < 25 to 360; P < 0.0001 vs. baseline). The increase in IL-6 was correlated with the size of nodule or goiter (P < 0.0001), but not with the amount of injected ethanol or the dose of radioiodine delivered to the thyroid. Serum thyroglobulin also increased after PIEI, RAI, or FNA, but no significant correlation could be demonstrated with the increase in IL-6. The results of this study support the concept that in the absence of nonthyroidal illnesses, which are often associated with increased serum concentrations of the cytokine, IL-6 can be regarded as a useful marker of thyroid-destructive processes.
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PMID:Interleukin-6: a marker of thyroid-destructive processes? 796 38

Amiodarone, an iodine-rich cardiac drug, may induce thyrotoxicosis (AIT), which can occur in patients with preexisting thyroid abnormalities and in subjects with apparently normal thyroid glands. The pathogenesis of AIT is often due to iodine-induced excessive thyroid hormone synthesis, especially in patients with underlying thyroid disease. In some instances, however, AIT may be related to a destructive process due to amiodarone-induced thyroiditis, resulting in thyroid cell damage and thyroid hormone release into the circulation. Another thyroid inflammatory process, subacute thyroiditis, has been recently reported to be associated with markedly increased serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. To investigate the significance of serum IL-6 levels in AIT, we evaluated in a cross-sectional study the following subjects: 27 AIT patients, 15 with no apparent thyroid abnormalities (AIT-) and 12 with nodular goiter and/or thyroid autoimmune disease (AIT+); 14 euthyroid patients receiving chronic amiodarone therapy; 10 patients with amiodarone-induced hypothyroidism; 56 patients with spontaneous hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease (n = 35) or toxic adenoma/nodular goiter (n = 21); 20 subjects with nontoxic goiter; and 50 healthy controls. Serum free thyroid hormone concentrations did not differ in patients with amiodarone-induced or spontaneous hyperthyroidism. Mean (+/- SE) serum IL-6 values were as follows: AIT-, 573.5 +/- 78.7 fmol/L (range, 149.4-1145.1); AIT+, 152.7 +/- 46.3 fmol/L (range, < 25-505.6); euthyroid patients receiving chronic amiodarone therapy, 51.4 +/- 10.0 fmol/L (range, < 25-122.5); amiodarone-induced hypothyroidism, 43.8 +/- 8.4 fmol/L (range, < 25-84.3); Graves' disease, 108.2 +/- 18.2 fmol/L (range, < 25-250); toxic adenoma/nodular goiter, 97.6 +/- 10.3 fmol/L (range, < 25-168.9); nontoxic goiter, 47.3 +/- 7.1 fmol/L (range, < 25-106.6); and controls, 37.8 +/- 6.2 fmol/L (range, < 25-99.4). Serum IL-6 values in AIT- patients were markedly higher (P < 0.0001) than those in all other groups. Values in AIT+, although slightly higher, did not significantly differ from those in patients with spontaneous hyperthyroidism. AIT- patients had low 24-h thyroidal radioiodine uptake (RAIU), whereas AIT+ had inappropriately low normal to high (9-58%) RAIU values in the presence of excess iodine. The presence of markedly elevated serum IL-6 concentrations and low thyroidal RAIU values in patients with AIT without underlying thyroid disease suggests the presence of amiodarone-induced thyroiditis as the etiology of thyrotoxicosis. Treatment of 2 such patients with prednisone was associated with a dramatic reduction and prompt normalization of IL-6 and thyroid hormone values.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Serum interleukin-6 in amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis. 810 31

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is the main mediator of the acute phase response. Increased serum concentrations of the cytokine have been found in patients with nonthyroidal inflammatory disorders and infections. In 18 patients with subacute thyroiditis (SAT) evaluated within 1-2 weeks after the onset of the disease, serum IL-6 values, as assessed by an ELISA method having a limit of detection of 25 fmol/L, ranged 139.2-543.9 fmol/L (mean +/- SE, 287.2 +/- 28.2 fmol/L). These values were significantly higher than those of 25 normal healthy controls (mean +/- SE, 26.2 +/- 5.5 fmol/L, range < 25-99.4), 18 of whom had serum IL-6 values below the detection limit. The increase in serum IL-6 levels in SAT patients appeared to be related to the inflammatory disorder and not to thyrotoxicosis, because 18 Graves' disease patients and 13 patients with toxic adenoma or toxic multinodular goiter had significantly lower serum IL-6 concentrations (101.7 +/- 35.2 fmol/L, range < 25-251, for Graves' disease, 79.6 +/- 41.4 fmol/L, range < 25-168.5, for toxic adenoma, p < 0.001 vs SAT for both groups) despite the markedly higher levels of total and free thyroid hormones. Neither free T4 nor free T3 values were correlated with serum IL-6 levels both in SAT and Graves' patients. Twelve SAT patients were reevaluated 3-4 months later, after remission of the disease and at least one month after glucocorticoid withdrawal. At the final observation, all SAT patients showed a normalization of IL-6 concentration, which was undetectable in 8/12 (mean +/- SE, 22.8 +/- 5.4 fmol/L, p < 0.001 vs acute phase values).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Increased serum interleukin-6 concentration in patients with subacute thyroiditis: relationship with concomitant changes in serum T4-binding globulin concentration. 851 77