Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P05231 (interleukin-6)
 23,907 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Peripheral blood samples were collected from normal subjects and chronic viral hepatitis patients, and the in vitro capability of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells to produce various cytokine (interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, interferon-gamma, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) were analyzed by adding pokeweed mitogen. We then investigated the effects of a herbal medicine "Sho-saiko-to" on the levels of cytokine production. The production levels of the 4 cytokines were significantly lower in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the patients (Patient Group) than in those of normal subjects (Control Group). The addition of Sho-saiko-to to the Patient Group resulted in improved productions of those cytokines, as well as an remarkable improvement of interleukin-1 beta production. The results demonstrated that Sho-saiko-to acts to improve such immunological abnormalities as decreased cytokine productions. Administration of Sho-saiko-to to chronic viral hepatitis patients is also expected to have immunological benefits.
 ...
PMID:Efficacy of a herbal medicine "sho-saiko-to" on the improvement of impaired cytokine production of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. 134 May 7

By two exemplary clinical situations--acute viral hepatitis, acute-phase reaction of the liver--the significance of basic research for the understanding of clinical phenomena and for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic procedures is demonstrated. The very different phenomena following infection with the hepatitis-B-virus can be explained by the variation in the interactions of virus and liver cell, by the immune reaction of the host, and by mutants of the virus. The reaction of the liver to an extrahepatic infection is mediated by interleukin-6, and characterized by an alteration in protein metabolism. The synthesis of acute-phase proteins is increased. The proteins confine the local injury and establish the homeostasis of the organism.
 ...
PMID:[Hepatology. New research results in its significance for the understanding of liver diseases]. 171 53

This study was carried out to test the hypothesis that, in chronic hepatitis (CH), inflammatory processes, including viral replication, host immune response, and hepatocyte destruction, are regulated by a cytokine network in the liver. Expression of the mRNA of the cytokines IL1-beta, IL2, IL4, IL5, IL6, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma, the lymphocyte markers CD4 and CD8, and the HLA class I molecule, beta 2-microglobulin (B2MG) in the liver tissue of 20 CH(C) cases and 9 CH(B) patients was investigated by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. TNF-alpha, CD4, and B2MG mRNA were detected in 100% of cases of in both CH(B) and CH(C). The expression rates of IL1-beta, IL2, IL4, IFN-gamma, and CD8 mRNA were 80%, 40%, 25%, 40%, and 80% in CH(C) and 88.9%, 44.5%, 30%, 55.6%, and 100% in CH(B). IL6 mRNA was detected only in CH(B), in 22.2% of cases, IL5 mRNA was not detected in either CH(B) or CH(C). IL2, IL4, and IFN-gamma mRNA were expressed significantly more frequently in patients who had high serum ALT and a high histological activity index (HAI) score. There was no difference in cytokine expression between CH(B) and CH(C), except in IL6, suggesting the existence of a common immunopathogenesis for CH(B) and CH(C). In chronic viral hepatitis, IL1-beta and TNF-alpha appear to play a major role in immune responses and IL2, IL4, and IFN-gamma seem to be associated with increased cytotoxic T cell response.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Expression rate of cytokine mRNA in the liver of chronic hepatitis C: comparison with chronic hepatitis B. 771 13

Serum levels of interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in patients with acute viral hepatitis were investigated. Twelve patients suffering from acute viral hepatitis were studied; 8 patients presented with acute hepatitis B, 2 patients with acute hepatitis A, and 2 patients with acute hepatitis C. Serum levels of IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha were significantly increased in all patients with acute viral hepatitis. Decreased serum levels of all cytokines were noted in four patients with acute hepatitis B during the recovery phase of infection. In addition, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha were undetectable at the end of a follow-up period of 6 months. Our study shows that increased levels of IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha are probably related to hepatitis activity and thus may have some role in hepatocytic injury.
 ...
PMID:Serum levels of interleukin-1 alpha, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor in patients with acute viral hepatitis. 816 26

To assess whether the initial status of lipid metabolism in patients with chronic viral hepatitis might correlate with outcome of therapy, 52 patients (32 males and 20 female) with chronic hepatitis C were studied: 44 were treated with human recombinant interferon-alpha 2b (3 MU three times per week for up to 12 months), and 8 served as controls. At baseline, sera were tested for total and HDL cholesterol, HDL2, HDL3, apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein B, interferon-alpha, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin-6. Changes in blood lipids were evaluated after 3, 30, and 90 days of treatment. HDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein A-I, and HDL3 decreased by 9.4-11.4% within 4 weeks of starting interferon treatment, but this effect was sustained only in patients with a primary response to interferon. On multivariate analysis, a primary response to interferon correlated with higher apolipoprotein A-I and lower (< 2.23 pg/ml) interleukin-6 levels (p < 0.005 for both). In contrast, a sustained response was significantly more common in patients with low (< or = 13.3 pg/ml) serum interferon-alpha and lower interleukin-6 at baseline but did not correlate with any of the blood lipids. Thus, in chronic hepatitis C, interferon treatment induces specific changes in blood lipids. The concentration of apolipoprotein A-I at baseline is a strong predictor of primary response to treatment, and the likelihood of sustained response seems to be reflected by lower cytokine activation.
 ...
PMID:Changes in blood lipid composition and response to interferon treatment in chronic hepatitis C. 852 43

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a liver-specific acute-phase protein, and its expression in hepatocyte is regulated by cytokines such as interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Although several alterations in cytokines have been found in patients with chronic viral hepatitis, it remains obscure how CRP expression is associated with progression of the disease in chronic viral infection. In the present study, CRP expression was evaluated in 45 patients with chronic hepatitis B and in 38 patients with chronic hepatitis C. By the immunohistochemical analysis, the intensity of CRP expression in hepatocyte was closely associated with the histology activity index (HAI) score in chronic hepatitis B. In contrast, the association was not found in chronic hepatitis C. When serial changes in serum levels of CRP were compared in long-term follow-up patients including 5 patients with chronic hepatitis B and 4 patients with chronic hepatitis C, serum levels of CRP fluctuated simultaneously with serum levels of alanine aminotransferase in chronic hepatitis B, whereas the correlation was not recognized in chronic hepatitis C. These results suggest that CRP expression correlates with progression of the disease in chronic hepatitis B, but not in chronic hepatitis C. It is also possible that cytokine-mediated response is more pronounced in chronic hepatitis B than in chronic hepatitis C.
 ...
PMID:Comparative study of C-reactive protein in chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C. 872 11

Enhanced serum IgA concentrations are common in alcoholic liver cirrhosis, but functional differences between IgA subclasses and their relation with interleukin-6 (IL-6) have not been described. Distinct immunoregulatory mechanisms may exist that selectively affect one subclass. This possibility prompted us to investigate the distribution of IgA1 and IgA2 subclasses in the serum of 25 heavy alcohol drinkers (alcohol: 80 to 200 g per day) without clinical disorders, in comparison with 35 patients affected by alcoholic liver cirrhosis, 29 viral hepatitis patients and 33 social drinkers as a control group. Mean (+/- SD) IgA2 concentration (0.56 +/- 0.31 g/l) was significantly increased (p < 0.01) in heavy alcohol drinkers, with an IgA2/IgA1 ratio of 0.33 +/- 0.12, while the mean total IgA concentration was similar to the control group. Mean IgA1 and IgA2 concentrations were significantly increased (p < 0.001) in alcoholic liver cirrhosis patients (6.13 +/- 4.52 g/l and 1.83 +/- 1.93 g/l respectively, with an IgA2/IgA1 ratio of 0.32 +/- 0.19) and viral hepatitis patients (3.66 +/- 2.59 g/l and 0.69 +/- 0.67 g/l respectively, with an IgA2/IgA1 ratio of 0.21 +/- 0.14) High serum IL-6 concentrations (34 +/- 33 ng/l) were correlated with elevated IgA1 and IgA2 concentrations only in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis. IgA2 subclass and IgA2/IgA1 ratio could therefore be used as markers of chronic alcohol abuse directly related to the extent and duration of the alcohol abuse and the effectiveness of alcohol withdrawal.
 ...
PMID:Increased serum concentration of IgA2 subclass and IgA2/IgA1 ratio: specific markers of chronic alcoholic abuse? 916 69

In order to investigate whether a difference might exist in blood cholesterol and its subtractions between patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, serum cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and common liver function tests were measured in 138 patients (92 male, 46 female) with biopsy-proven chronic viral hepatitis without cirrhosis. Twenty-four had hepatitis B and 114 hepatitis C. Mean serum cholesterol was lower in HCV-infected in comparison to HBV-infected patients (175 +/- 36 mg/dl vs. 189 +/- 28 mg/dl, p < 0.05). On multivariate analysis, etiology of hepatitis appeared to be associated with the value of serum cholesterol, independently of age, sex and liver synthetic function (improvement of chi-square 4.40, p < 0.05). In patients with HBV infection, circulating tumor necrosis factor-alpha demonstrated a correlation with serum triglycerides (p = 0.618) and an inverse correlation with serum HDL-cholesterol (p = -0.456); in the group of patients with HCV infection, interleukin-6 correlated with triglycerides (p = 0.370) and HDL-cholesterol (p = -0.355). Thus, differences in the mechanisms of liver damage and of viral clearance in hepatitis C in comparison to hepatitis B, reflected in these patients by the levels of circulating cytokines, may be mirrored by differences in their blood lipid composition.
 ...
PMID:Blood lipids of patients with chronic hepatitis: differences related to viral etiology. 920 35

Viral hepatitis is a common and important problem in immunocompromised cancer patients. The present study was conducted to investigate changes in some cellular and humoral immunological parameters as a consequence of HCV infection in non Hodgkin's lymphoma patients (NHL). The study included 40 NHL patients: 20 anti-HCV antibody positive (Gr. I ), and 20 anti-HCV antibody negative (Gr.II ). In addition, forty non-cancer controls (NCCs) were included: 20 of them were anti-HCV antibody positive (Gr. III) and 20 anti-HCV antibody negative (Gr. IV). The studied immunological parameters included serum levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors (s-TNFr) measured by ELISA, as well as assessment of T and B lymphocyte subsets by PAP immunostaining method. Mean IL-1 level (pg/ml) was significantly higher in Gr. 1 (14 +/- 6) and Gr. III (20 +/- 12) as compared to those in Gr. II (7 +/- 5) and Gr. IV (9 +/- 6). Mean IL-2 level (pg/ml) was also significantly higher in Gr. I (132 +/- 101) and Gr. III (135 +/- 59) compared to those in Gr. II (36 +/- 29) and Gr. IV (31 +/- 48). On the other hand, level of IL-6 showed no significant difference between groups. The mean level of sTNF-r, (ng/ml) was only significantly higher in Gr. I (2.9 +/- 1.7) when compared to that in Gr. IV (1.9 +/- 2.2). In group IV, the average percentage of CD3 (70 +/- 4%) and CD4 (44 +/- 5%) were significantly higher than in those of Gr. I (CD3 = 51 +/- 11%, CD4 = 30 +/- 12%), Gr. II (CD3 = 52 +/- 7%, CD4 = 30 +/- 8%), and Gr. III (CD3 = 52 +/- 9%, CD4 = 26 +/- 8%). From all the above immunological and virological features two main tips could be inferred: (1) HCV leads a mild course of infection in NCCs evidenced by normal ALT level in all but 20% of subjects, normal IL-6, sTNF-r, lower counts of CD4+ T cells and hence a mild hepatocellular injury, and (2) In the immunocompromised NHL patients the virus leads potentially more aggressive course as evidenced by higher viremia, as well as significant elevation in sTNF-r, and CD8+ depression.
 ...
PMID:Hepatitis C Virus and related changes in immunological parameters in non Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. 1572 87

A therapeutic vaccine for viral hepatitis B composed of yeast-derived recombinant HBsAg complexed to human anti-HBs immunoglobulin (yeast-derived-immunogenic complex, YIC) with alum as the adjuvant was evaluated for safety. In stage 1, 22 healthy Chinese adult volunteers were vaccinated with three doses of 30 microg, 60 microg or 90 microg of HBsAg in YIC at 4-week intervals. In stage 2, nine volunteers received 90 microg of HBsAg in YIC for six injections. All immunizations were well tolerated. Renal, liver function and other blood chemistry tests remained within normal range. All recipients developed serum anti-HBs, the highest being 1000 mIU/ml, and the subtypes of anti-HBs were IgG1 and IgG3. The serum levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) were increased, while no significant increase was observed in interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). These results indicate that this complex is safe and can induce a potent anti-HBs response.
 ...
PMID:Vaccination with recombinant HBsAg-HBIG complex in healthy adults. 1578 Apr 49


1 2 Next >>