Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P04637 (p53)
 77,613 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It is often difficult to predict the outcome of melanoma in patients with Clark level III-IV disease. We sought to identify markers of cell proliferation which may be useful in predicting prognosis. Patients with Clark's level III-IV malignant melanoma who had no local recurrences or metastases were matched with patients of comparable level and thickness who did experience recurrences of metastases. Cell proliferation markers p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and Ki-67 were assessed by immunohistochemistry. DNA ploidy was determined by flow cytometry. There was no difference in the expression of p53, PCNA, and Ki-67 between patients with metastases and patients without metastases. However, patients with metastases were more likely to have an aneuploid tumor cell population than were patients without metastases (p < 0.03). Expression of cell proliferation markers do not appear to help predict prognosis in advanced level melanoma; however, aneuploidy may be associated with a greater probability of metastasis.
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PMID:Cell proliferation markers in predicting metastases in malignant melanoma. 759 19

We studied p53 expression in 46 colorectal carcinomas by immunohistochemistry. We examined the relationship between p53 expression and the pathological findings, the prognosis and tumor proliferative activity by Ki-67 staining or DNA ploidy pattern using an image cytometer. Expression of p53 was observed in 41.3% of carcinomas. No correlation was found between p53 expression and the depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis or Dukes' stage. No difference in survival was found between p53 positive and negative patients after curative surgery. We also studied the DNA ploidy pattern using an image cytometer in 28 carcinomas. Aneuploidy was found more frequently in the p53 positive areas than in the negative ones, but there was no significant difference. The DNA index showed no difference between the p53 positive and negative areas. We examined proliferating activity using Ki-67. There was no difference in the Ki-67 labeling index between p53 positive and negative areas. In the present study, there was no correlation between p53 expression and pathological findings, prognosis, tumor proliferative activity using Ki-67 staining or DNA ploidy pattern. Thus, p53 expression was suggested to have little relationship to grade of malignancy.
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PMID:[An immunohistochemical study of the relationship between p53 expression and the DNA ploidy pattern using image cytometry in colorectal carcinoma]. 761 75

We studied immunohistochemically the distribution of p53 overexpression and Ki-67 as a marker of cell proliferation, in 2 cases of advanced colorectal carcinomas occurring in UC, in comparison with histopathological features such as carcinoma and dysplasia. One is a case of 4 independent colorectal carcinomas surrounded by widespread dysplasia, and the other is a case of solitary rectal carcinoma. In these 2 cases, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues covering all of the resected specimens were examined for p53 and Ki-67 immunoreactivity using microwaving technique. p53 was negative in normal mucosa and inflammative mucosa without dysplasia. p53 was strongly positive in cancerous lesions except one lesion, and various degrees of dysplasia surrounding these lesions also showed p53 positive. The numbers of p53 and Ki-67 positive cells were higher in severe dysplasia than in mild dysplasia. Some areas of the dysplastic mucosa histologically represented "hyperplastic pattern of villous feature." In these areas p53 positive cells were aggregated in the basal part of the villous crypt, and the number of Ki-67 positive cells per gland was larger than in normal gland. Our examination covering the whole mucosa revealed: 1) p53 and Ki-67 are useful diagnostic markers for grading the degree of dysplasia. 2) Positivity of immunoreactive p53 in dysplasia seems to be consistent with that in cancers occurring in the surrounding dysplastic area in most of our cases.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical distribution of p53 and Ki-67 in 2 cases of colorectal carcinoma occurring in ulcerative colitis]. 761 78

A loss of chromosome-9 material is one of the most frequent genomic aberrations known in bladder cancer. In order to better understand the role of chromosome-9 losses in bladder cancer, 125 formalin-fixed and 37 unfixed bladder tumors were examined using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). A repetitive probe for a pericentromeric region on 9q12 (pHUR98) was applied for chromosome-9 copy-number enumeration. Under-representation of chromosome 9 was found in 74 of 162 cases. There was no association between loss of chromosome 9 and increased grade or stage, papillary growth pattern, p53 protein expression, or tumor-cell proliferation (Ki-67). These data show that chromosome-9 loss is an early event in bladder-cancer development, occurring independently of p53 alterations. In order to determine the prevalence of large sub-regional chromosome-9 deletions, dual hybridizations with pHUR98 and cosmid probes for 9q34, 9q22, and 9p21 were performed. Partial deletion was detected in only 1 of 36 cases for 9q34 and in 1 of 24 cases for 9p21. Surprisingly, amplification of the interferon alpha locus on 9p21 was seen in 1 of 24 tumors. The finding of 9p amplification may indicate the site of an oncogene relevant for bladder cancer.
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PMID:Chromosome-9 loss detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization in bladder cancer. 761 60

Gastric dysplasia (high-grade, HGD, and low-grade, LGD) and normal mucosa were tested for anti-p53, anti-Ki-67 and anti-PCNA monoclonal antibodies on paraffin sections, and for relative AgNOR area and number on semithin Epon-Araldite sections. The proliferative compartment in normal mucosa was restricted to the middle layer corresponding to the neck-isthmus region. In LGD and HGD there was an expansion of this compartment to the lower and upper layers of mucosa, and in HGD in particular to the upper layer. p53 was always negative in LGD as well as in normal mucosa, while it was positive in 34 out of 51 cases of HGD. The most discriminant variables between LGD and HGD were relative AgNOR area and the percentages of MIB-1, p53 and PCNA. In p53-positive HGD the highest percentages of PCNA and MIB-1 were in the middle and upper layers (PCNA) or the upper layer (MIB-1), while in p53-negative HGD cases cell proliferation was maximal in the middle layer, although also present in the upper layer. The majority of cases of LGD did not demonstrate cell proliferation in the upper layer, but 5 cases behaved similarly to the p53-negative HGD cases. No significant correlations were found among percentages of MIB-1 and of PCNA and relative AgNOR area and number.
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PMID:Cell proliferation patterns and p53 expression in gastric dysplasia. 762 88

The expression of p53 protein was examined in a series of 69 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia with two different monoclonal antibodies (Mab 1801 and 240). p53 expression was detected with at least one antibody in 49 cases (71%), whereas only 19 cases (27%) were positive with both antibodies. Variability in the immunostaining could be observed depending on the antibody used. Mab 240 gave the highest rate of positive staining (58%), followed by 1801 with 39%. Positive staining with 1801 was significantly associated with decreased proliferation of tumor cells as measured by Ki-67 labelling, indicating that possibly the wild-type p53 protein is preferably stained with this antibody. However, neither of the two antibodies has prognostic value or is correlated with histopathological parameters.
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PMID:p53 protein detected by two different antibodies: relationship to proliferation and prognosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 764 23

Elective cervical lymphadenectomy often is performed for laryngeal carcinoma to eliminate metastatic disease that escapes clinical and radiographic detection. We investigated characteristics of the primary tumor that might predict cervical lymph node status. We obtained archival tissue from 88 laryngectomies--65 with concurrent cervical lymphadenectomies. Of the 40 clinically negative necks that were dissected, 17% showed lymph node metastasis by pathologic examination. The primary tumors were examined immunohistochemically for expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), p53, cathepsin D, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and Ki-67-specific antigen, and by flow cytometry for DNA ploidy-cell cycle analysis. Seventy-seven percent of the cases showed aberrant p53 staining, 99% expressed EGFR, 40% produced cathepsin D, 29% were aneuploid, and 54% had a moderate or high synthesis phase fraction (SPF). High grade, aneuploidy, and tumor vascular invasion independently predicted cervical node metastasis (p < .04 each). Supraglottic locale (p < .16) and a raggedly infiltrating invading margin (p < .13) were weakly associated with node positivity. Advanced clinical T status, the expression of EGFR, p53, and cathepsin D, the PCNA and Ki-67 indices, and SPF did not correlate with node metastasis. The presence of cervical node metastasis predicted poor disease-free (p < .005) and overall survival (p < .04). Advanced clinical T status correlated with brief overall survival (p < .02). Tumor site, histopathologic parameters, ploidy, SPF, PCNA and Ki-67 indices, and the expression of p53, EGFR, and cathepsin D did not affect survival. The presence of vascular invasion, high grade, and aneuploidy may help identify which patients would benefit from elective cervical lymphadenectomy. The correlation of cervical lymph node status and clinical T category with survival confirms the results of previous studies.
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PMID:Cervical lymph node status and survival in laryngeal carcinoma: prognostic factors. 766 16

The expression of p53 protein was studied in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens of 41 well-differentiated adenocarcinomas of the gall-bladder, six cases of acute cholecystitis and 23 cases of chronic cholecystitis, using a monoclonal p53 (PAb 1801) antibody and streptavidin-biotin. p53 staining was divided into diffuse, focal or sporadic patterns. The relationship between the p53 Labeling Index (p53 LI) and cellular proliferation was also investigated using monoclonal Ki-67 (MIB1) antibody. Twenty-four of the 41 carcinomas (58.5%) had a diffuse staining pattern with a high p53 LI (47-93%) and 9.8% (4/41) had a focal staining pattern with an intermediate p53 LI (22-34%), with no relation to pT stage, tumor size, histologic type or grade of cytologic atypia. The p53 LI was higher than the Ki-67 LI in these tumors except for one. On the other hand, p53 staining was completely sporadic in the non-neoplastic specimens with a low p53 LI (0.2-2.8%). The p53-positive cells in these specimens were located only within areas of Ki-67-positive cells. In conclusion, p53-protein overexpression occurs as an early event in approximately 70% of well-differentiated adenocarcinomas of the gall-bladder, and this alteration is maintained during progression from intramucosal to invasive carcinoma. p53 immunostaining can distinguish malignant from benign lesions of the gall-bladder.
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PMID:p53 immunostaining distinguishes malignant from benign lesions of the gall-bladder. 770 45

To elucidate the pathogenesis of bronchioloalveolar lung carcinoma (BAC), we evaluated the lesion size, growth fraction, and p53 overexpression of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) and early stage BAC. AAH was classified as showing low grade or high grade atypia. AAH-like carcinoma, presumably very early stage BAC, was distinguished from AAH in that it exhibited remarkable atypia suggestive of malignant potential and from overt BAC in that it lacked unequivocal malignant features, including invasive/destructive growth. The growth fraction was determined immunohistochemically in terms of the Ki-67 labeling index. The overexpression of p53 was evaluated by assessing the nuclear accumulation of immunoreactive p53 protein. Both the lesion size and the growth fraction increased from low grade AAH, to high grade AAH, to AAH-like carcinoma, and to overt adenocarcinoma. The overexpression of p53 in AAH-like carcinoma was similar to that in overt adenocarcinoma and was more frequent than that in AAH. Our findings indicate that AAH, AAH-like carcinoma, and overt BAC represent different categories, although the cellular events occurring in these lesions presumably represent a continuous spectrum of the changes that are reflected in the cytomorphology and lesion size. The findings here suggest that AAH and AAH-like carcinomas constitute a population of heterogeneous lesions representing different steps toward overt BAC.
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PMID:Proliferative potential and p53 overexpression in precursor and early stage lesions of bronchioloalveolar lung carcinoma. 771 55

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) prognosis is strictly related to well-established clinicopathological parameters which have unfortunately become insufficient in the prognostic evaluation of this type of cancer. As p53 and bcl-2 gene deregulations are frequently involved in several types of epithelial malignancies, we investigated the Bcl-2 and p53 protein expression in 91 and 101 cases of NSCLC respectively. The expression was then compared with established indicators of prognosis and biological behaviour of the tumours. No relationship was observed between Bcl-2 and either clinicopathological or biological parameters such as histology, grading, tumour status, nodal metastasis and proliferative activity evaluated by scoring proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and Ki-67 immunoreactivity. However, the mean Bcl-2 expression was significantly lower in patients who developed metastasis during follow-up or died of metastatic disease (P = 0.006 and P = 0.01 respectively). Moreover, survival probability was higher in patients who expressed the Bcl-2 protein (P = 0.0002). In contrast with this, p53 protein accumulation was observed in tumours with metastatic nodal involvement (P = 0.02) or in patients who developed metastasis during follow-up (P = 0.01), although no correlation was found between p53 expression and overall survival. An inverse relationship was also found between Bcl-2 and the anti-oncogene protein product p53 (P = 0.01). Thus, a high proportion of NSCLCs express p53 and Bcl-2 proteins and their expression may have prognostic importance.
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PMID:Bcl-2 protein: a prognostic factor inversely correlated to p53 in non-small-cell lung cancer. 773 90


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