Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P04637 (p53)
 77,613 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Foamy gland adenocarcinoma is a variant of pancreatic ductal carcinoma, whose precursor has not been described. We describe here the morphologic and immunohistochemical features of the pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) lesions associated with invasive foamy pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The staining properties and morphologic and immunohistochemical features of 3 foamy PanIN lesions were compared with those of 7 pancreatic foamy gland adenocarcinomas. Hematoxylin and eosin, Mayer mucicarmine, periodic acid-Schiff, and Alcian blue stains were available for review in all cases. Immunohistochemical labeling for cytokeratin (CK)7, CK20, carcinoembryonic antigen polyclonal, MUC1, MUC2, CDX2, p53, and cyclin D1 was performed. The PanIN-1 lesions were found in the nonneoplastic pancreas and were similar to the PanIN-1 lesions of ordinary pancreatic ductal carcinoma. The PanIN-2 and -3 lesions were recognized immediately adjacent to or within the invasive foamy gland carcinoma. In these lesions, small or markedly dilated ducts were lined by cuboidal and columnar dysplastic nonfoamy cells and foamy cells. Hobnail cells were present in 2 cases. The PanIN-1, 2, and 3 lesions and the invasive foamy gland adenocarcinomas stained with mucicarmine, periodic acid-Schiff, and Alcian blue. The 3 PanIN-2 and -3 lesions and all 7 invasive foamy adenocarcinomas labeled with CK7, carcinoembryonic antigen polyclonal, and MUC1, whereas only 2 PanIN-2 and -3 lesions and 5 invasive adenocarcinomas showed immunoreactivity for cyclin D1 and p53. Three distinctive foamy PanIN lesions were identified within 7 invasive foamy gland pancreatic adenocarcinomas. The gradual progression of cytological and architectural abnormalities of the PanIN lesions from PanIN-1 to PanIN-3 excludes neoplastic ductal spread. These foamy PanIN lesions probably represent cancer precursors.
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PMID:The foamy variant of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia. 1862 Sep 91

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare distinct variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). To investigate its clinical behavior and prognosis, 15 patients with BSCC in the oral and maxillofacial region were clinically analyzed and compared with 15 patients with conventional SCC matched for site, stage, gender and age. To understand its immunohistochemical features, sections for cytokeratin AE1/AE3, CK 13. CK 7, CK 8, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and p53 were reviewed from 12 patients with BSCC. The rate of cervical lymph node metastasis of BSCC was as high as 67% and that of distant metastasis 13%. The tumor recurrence rate was 33% and the 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 53% and 32%, respectively. For conventional SCC, the cervical lymph node metastasis rate was 27%, that of distant metastasis 7%, tumor recurrence rate was 33%, and 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 80% and 70%, respectively. In most BSCC patients (10/12) the PCNA index was over 50%. Twelve BSCC patients were diagnosed with grade II or III conventional SCC when the original records of the primary diagnosis for the 15 patients with BSCC were reviewed. The biological behavior and prognosis of BSCC are similar to those of poorly differentiated SCC.
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PMID:A clinicopathologic study on basaloid squamous cell carcinoma in the oral and maxillofacial region. 1863 53

Undifferentiated or medullary carcinoma is characterized by its distinct histologic appearance and relatively better prognosis compared to poorly differentiated colonic carcinoma. These 2 entities may be difficult to differentiate by light microscopy alone. Only limited immunohistochemical studies investigating medullary carcinoma have been reported. These studies suggest a loss of intestinal differentiation, exemplified by a high percentage of CDX2 negativity. Our aim was to further characterize the immunohistochemical profile of medullary carcinoma, with particular emphasis on intestinal markers. Paraffin blocks from 16 cases of medullary carcinoma and 33 cases of poorly differentiated colonic carcinoma were retrieved, and tissue microarrays were constructed and stained with an immunohistochemical panel including CDX2, CK7, CK20, p53, intestinal trefoil factor 3, chromogranin, synaptophysin, MLH-1, MUC-1, MUC-2, and calretinin. A significantly higher proportion of medullary carcinomas, as opposed to poorly differentiated colonic carcinomas, showed loss of staining for MLH-1 and for the intestinal transcription factor CDX2, in accordance with previous studies. MLH-1 staining was present in only 21% of medullary carcinoma cases compared with 60% of the poorly differentiated colonic carcinoma cases (P = .02), whereas CDX2 was positive in 19% of medullary carcinomas and 55% of poorly differentiated colonic carcinomas (P = .03). Interestingly, calretinin staining was strongly positive in 73% of medullary carcinomas compared to only 12% of poorly differentiated colonic carcinomas (P < .0001). Evidence of intestinal differentiation by MUC-1, MUC-2, and TFF-3 staining was seen in 67%, 60%, and 53% of the medullary carcinomas, respectively. These 3 markers were frequently positive in many of the CDX2-negative medullary carcinoma cases. Medullary carcinoma of the colon retains a significant degree of intestinal differentiation as evidenced by its high percentage of staining for MUC-1, MUC-2, and TFF-3. Calretinin, MLH-1, and CDX2 may help to differentiate medullary carcinoma from poorly differentiated colonic carcinoma of the colon.
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PMID:Differentiating the undifferentiated: immunohistochemical profile of medullary carcinoma of the colon with an emphasis on intestinal differentiation. 1899 17

A 47-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain was found to have a 20 cm cystic retroperitoneal mass. Pathology indicated a colonic-type adenocarcinoma arising in a primary retroperitoneal mature cystic teratoma. The adenocarcinoma was predominantly intracystic with focal superficial invasion into the cyst wall but not beyond the teratoma capsule. Immunohistochemistry showed that the adenocarcinoma cells were diffusely positive for cytokeratin 20 (CK20) and caudal-type homeobox transcription factor-2 (CDX2) but negative for CK7, confirming the colonic phenotype. In addition, the adenocarcinoma was seen adjacent to teratomatous colonic-type mucosa with adenomatous change (i.e. adenoma), suggesting that it was probably arising from a colonic-type adenoma within the teratoma. The carcinoma had a higher Ki-67 proliferation index and had a higher percentage of cells stained for p53 than the adjacent adenomatous lesion. To the authors' knowledge this is the first documented case in which a colonic-type adenocarcinoma was seen arising from a precursor lesion (i.e. a colonic-type adenoma in a primary retroperitoneal mature cystic teratoma) and is the second case of intestinal-type adenocarcinoma arising in a primary retroperitoneal mature cystic teratoma.
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PMID:Colonic-type adenocarcinoma arising in a primary retroperitoneal mature cystic teratoma. 1906 55

Triple-negative breast carcinoma accounts for approximately 15% of all breast cancers. It is characterized by an aggressive clinical history, high rate of local relapse, and association with the basal epithelial-like subtype. Variations in breast cancer subtype and clinical outcome often exist across racial and ethnic lines. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the immunohistochemical and clinicopathologic characteristics of triple-negative breast carcinoma in women living in Vietnam with those from the United States. Invasive triple-negative breast carcinoma of patients from the 2 populations was characterized by tissue microarray for the expression of basal cytokeratins (CK5/6, CK7, CK14), luminal cytokeratins (CK8, CK18, CK19), and markers associated with the basal phenotype (cKit, epithelial growth factor receptor, P-cadherin, p53, and p63). Significant differences in expression between the 2 populations were not observed for the basal cytokeratins. However, epithelial growth factor receptor and P-cadherin, markers associated with the basal phenotype, were underexpressed in Vietnamese patients. Of the luminal cytokeratins, CK8 was overexpressed and CK18 was underexpressed in the Vietnamese women. Significant differences were also observed regarding the clinicopathologic characteristics. Triple-negative breast carcinoma in Vietnamese women was smaller and less likely to be grade III. In addition, it was more frequently of ductal histologic type and less often medullary or metaplastic. These differences in histology and marker expression suggest that triple-negative breast carcinoma has unique biological characteristics in women from Vietnam and the United States, and may follow a unique clinical course in each of the 2 populations.
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PMID:Triple-negative breast carcinoma in women from Vietnam and the United States: characterization of differential marker expression by tissue microarray. 1976 68

Metastases to endometrium are a rare event. A case of a 53-year-old woman with a previous colon cancer presenting with a dysfunctional uterine bleeding is reported. The curettage specimens consisted of multiple fragments of proliferative endometrial tissue mixed with irregular glands, focally amputated, lined by very cells with elongated, hyperchromatic nuclei and solid sheets of neoplastic cells often filled with necrotic debris and inflammatory cells, resembling endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Neoplastic cells resulted positive at immunohistochemical reaction for CK20, CDX2, p53 and negative for CK7, vimentin, ER, and PR suggesting a metastatic colon adenocarcinoma. Absence of premalignant changes, such as hyperplasia, besides frankly malignant glands in an endometrial curette should be regarded as an alarming feature for a secondary nature mostly from large bowel. In these cases clinical history is crucial and an immunohistochemical panel made up of CK7, CK20, CDX2, p53, vimentin, ER, and PR is useful for the correct diagnosis.
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PMID:Colonic carcinoma metastatic to the endometrium: the importance of clinical history in averting misdiagnosis as a primary endometrial carcinoma. 1944 68

Endometrial carcinomas can be separated into two groups which are designated as type I and type II carcinomas today. Both groups of tumors are clearly different with regard to conventional light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, molecular pathology and clinical features. Only type I carcinomas are associated with hyperestrogenism. The group of type I carcinomas consists of endometrioid carcinoma and its variants, and mucinous carcinoma. The prototypes of type II carcinomas are serous and clear cell carcinoma. Not all carcinomas, however, can be assigned to one of the two groups, because there are hybrid tumors and mixed carcinomas, e.g. endometrioid carcinoma with a serous component. The precursor lesions of the endometrioid carcinoma and the serous carcinoma are well characterized morphologically and by molecular pathology. Atypical hyperplasia is the precursor lesion of endometrioid carcinoma, whereas endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma (EIC) is the precursor lesion of serous carcinoma. No precursor lesion has as yet been identified for clear cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemical markers for endometrial carcinoma are CK7 and vimentin, for serous carcinoma markers are p53 and p16. Correct typing is of essential prognostic necessity in endometrial carcinoma. Of utmost importance is the detection of a serous component, because serous carcinoma leads to early tumor spread with the necessity of radical surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
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PMID:[Endometrial carcinomas and precursor lesions--new aspects]. 1949 62

The author reports a rare case of sarcomatoid carcinoma with an emphasis on immunohistochemical features. A 79-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of hematuria. An endoscopy revealed a large polypoid tumor in the bladder, and urine cytology demonstrated malignant cells. A cystectomy was performed. The patient is now alive without metastasis 4 months after the operation. Grossly, a large polypoid tumor (5 x 6 x 5 cm) was present in the bladder. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of high-grade transitional cell carcinoma element (10% in area) and sarcomatoid element (90% in area). There was a gradual transition between the two. The tumor cells were invaded into peribladder tissue (pT3b). Immunohistochemically, the sarcomatoid element was positive for four types of pancytokeratins, high-molecular weight cytokeratin (CK), CK5/6, CK7, CK18, CK19, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), vimentin, p53 protein, p63, Ki-67 (labeling = 92%), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFRA). It was negative for CK14, CK20, melanosome, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), desmin, S100 protein, myoglobin, alpha-smooth muscle antigen (ASMA), CD34, chromogranin, synaptophysin, CD56, CD68, and KIT. The transitional cell carcinoma element showed similar immunoreactivity except for negative CK5/6, positive CK20, and negative vimentin. A molecular genetic analysis of KIT gene (exons 9, 11, 13, and 17) and PDGFRA (exons 12 and 18) gene with the use of PCR-direct sequencing showed no mutations. The present case is the first report of sarcomatoid carcinoma of the urinary bladder demonstrating extensive immunohistochemistry and mutational status of KIT and PDGFRA genes. The sarcomatoid carcinoma in the present case may be derived from sarcomatous differentiation of high-grade transitional cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a case report with immunohistochemical and molecular genetic analysis. 1952 96

The author reports herein a case of occult very small lung carcinoma with a solitary brain metastasis that is clinically diagnosed as cavernous hemangioma, with an emphasis on pathologic findings. A 48-year-old Japanese man was admitted to our hospital complaining of mild paresis of left leg. Brain CT and MRI showed a solitary tumor (2 cm) with features of cavernous hemangioma in the right temporal lobe. Tumorectomy was performed, and it was pathologically undifferentiated carcinoma. An immunohistochemical analysis reveled that the carcinoma cells were positive for four types of pancytokeratin, cytokeratin (CK) 5/6, CK7, CK18, CK19, p63, and Ki-67 (78%). They were negative for high molecular weight CK, CK14, CK20, TTF-1, PE-10, melanosome, S100 protein, EMA, vimentin, CD34, myoglobin, CEA, p53, desmin, alpha-smooth muscle actin, chromogranin, synaptophysin, CD56, neuron-specific enolase, CD68, KIT, and PDGFRA. The positive CK7 and negative CK20 suggested lung origin, and cytokeratin profiles and positive CK5/6 and p63 suggested a squamous differentiation. The pathological diagnosis was undifferentiated carcinoma with squamous differentiation probably of lung origin. Later, systemic CT, MRI and PET were performed, and they detected a small lung tumor (8 mm) in the right apex. The lung biopsy revealed an undifferentiated carcinoma with focal squamous differentiation; the immunohistochemical findings were the same as those of the brain tumor. These findings suggest that occult very small lung carcinoma can metastasize to brain and such a metastasis may mimic cavernous hemangioma radiologically. Pathologic observations using many antibodies are very useful to determine the origin and histological type in solitary brain nodule.
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PMID:Occult very small lung carcinoma with a solitary brain metastasis that is clinically diagnosed as cavernous hemangioma: a case report. 1982 73

The central granular cell odontogenic tumor (CGCOT) is a rare lesion that usually affects the posterior region of the mandible of young adults. We present a case of CGCOT involving the mandible of a 20-year-old white woman, emphasizing the immunohistochemical characteristics using a large panel of antibodies. The lesion was removed surgically, and after 4 years of follow-up, there are no evidences of recurrences. The odontogenic epithelium (OE) showed positivity for cytokeratins (CKs) AE1/AE3, 34betaE12, CK5, CK7, CK8, CK14, CK19, E-cadherin, beta-catenin, CD138, and p63. The granular cells were positive for vimentin, CD68, lysozyme, muscle-specific actin, alpha-smooth muscle actin, calponin, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), CD138, and bcl-2. Dendritic-like cells surrounding the OE displayed positivity for vimentin, CD1a, S100, CD68, and bcl-2, but it was negative for factor XIIIa, supporting a Langerhans cell phenotype. Ki-67 labeling index was 1.8%, whereas p53 was negative. These data confirm the benign nature of CGCOT, the association of OE with Langerhans cells, and a variable phenotype of the granular cells.
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PMID:Central granular cell odontogenic tumor: a histopathologic and immunohistochemical study. 1991 79


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