Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P04637 (p53)
 77,613 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

There is a need for new prognostic parameters that could add insights into the aggressiveness of tumors. Because the expression of two well-characterized mucin antigens, MUC1 and MUC2, in colorectal adenocarcinomas (CRCs) has been correlated with the aggressiveness of CRCs, we evaluated the prognostic value of the expression of MUC1 and MUC2 in CRCs collected from African-American and Caucasian patients. Expression of MUC1 and MUC2 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 166 archival CRC specimens collected from 58 African-American and 108 Caucasian patients that had been analyzed previously for nuclear accumulation of p53 (p53nac). Univariate Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the prognostic significance of expression of MUC1 and MUC2 in these CRCs. MUC1 expression was more frequent in advanced stage CRCs, whereas MUC2 expression was higher in the mucinous type of CRCs. Although similar proportions of CRCs from African-Americans and Caucasians expressed MUC1 and MUC2, the MUC1 expression was found to be an indicator of high risk of death from CRC in Caucasians (hazard ratio, 2.03; P = 0.038) but not in African-Americans. Furthermore, Caucasians with CRCs exhibiting concomitant expression of MUC1 and p53nac demonstrated the lowest probability of overall survival (log rank test, P = 0.004). No prognostic value was found for MUC2 alone or in combination with p53nac in either group of patients. Expression of MUC1 in CRCs is a valuable indicator of poor prognosis in Caucasian patients. Additionally, combined evaluation of MUC1 and p53nac increases the ability to identify Caucasian patients with aggressive subtypes of CRC and may be useful in selecting or in developing novel therapeutic regimes.
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PMID:Racial differences in the prognostic usefulness of MUC1 and MUC2 in colorectal adenocarcinomas. 1105 Dec 51

Seventy cases of cancer of the gastric remnant were divided into three groups: 33 cases following surgery for benign disease (group A), and 15 cases occurring more than 10 years and 22 cases occurring within 10 years after the first gastrectomy for malignant disease (groups B and C, respectively). Then mucin histochemical and immunohistochemical studies were undertaken. Billroth-II procedure for anastomosis was most frequently performed in group A. Intestinal metaplasia within the mucosa surrounding the carcinomas was more frequently present in groups A and C with a diffuse distribution. Intestinal-type surrounding mucosa was significantly more frequent in group C. The immunohistochemical expression of p53 protein was most frequently expressed in group B. We conclude that a different mechanism of carcinogenesis exists in these three groups; i) group A: the reflux of duodenal juice especially following B-II procedures leads to progression of the carcinoma. ii) group B: some genetic factor such as p53 may be related to the metachronous multiple carcinogenesis. iii) group C: metachronous multiple carcinogenesis within the short interval may be closely associated with diffuse intestinal metaplasia in the surrounding mucosa.
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PMID:Different characteristics of carcinoma in the gastric remnant: histochemical and immunohistochemical studies. 1111 63

Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors are slow growing cystic neoplasms of pancreas with favorable prognosis. A case report of such a tumor in an octogenarian is presented. Excessive mucin secretion with ectatic dilatation of pancreatic ducts is a hallmark of this tumor. K-ras and p53 mutations are less frequent then in ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography findings are diagnostic and include a patulous papilla and amorphous filling defects in dilated pancreatic ducts. Magnetic resonance pancreatography, endoluminal ultra-sound, and pancreatoscopy are also helpful in diagnosis. Complete surgical resection is recommended.
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PMID:Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors: a case report and review of literature. 1112 31

In the past, colloid (mucinous noncystic) carcinoma (CC) of the pancreas had been included under the category of ordinary ductal adenocarcinoma, a tumor with a dismal prognosis, or was frequently misdiagnosed as mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. The clinicopathologic features of CC have not yet been well characterized, because most cases on record have been parts of studies on either mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCN) or intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN), with which colloid carcinomas are frequently associated. To determine the clinicopathologic characteristics of CC, 17 pancreatic tumors composed predominantly (>80%) of CC (defined as nodular extracellular mucin lakes with scanty malignant epithelial cells) and in which the invasive carcinoma measured larger than 1 cm were studied. Ten of these were originally classified as mucinous ductal adenocarcinoma and four as mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. The mean age of the patients was 61 years; 9 were men and 8 were women. The mean size of the CC was 5.3 cm (range, 1.2-16 cm). In more than half of the patients, CC represented the invasive component of an IPMN (in nine cases) or MCN (in one case). The tumors were composed of well-defined pools of mucin with sparse malignant cells in various patterns of distribution. Signet-ring cells floating in the mucin (but not as individual cells infiltrating stroma, a characteristic finding of signet-ring cell adenocarcinomas) were commonly identified and were prominent in five cases. Perineurial invasion was noted in six cases and regional lymph node metastases in eight. Mutation in codon 12 of the k-ras gene was detected in only 4 of 12 cases studied and p53 mutation in 2 of 9. Immunohistochemical and histochemical mucin stains suggested luminalization of the basal aspects of the cells. Five-year survival was 57%. At an overall mean follow up of 57 months, 10 patients were alive with no evidence of disease (median, 79 mos), including four with lymph node metastasis, three others with perineurial invasion, and another with vascular invasion. Four patients died of disease (18, 18, 25, and 26 mos), and three died of thromboembolism (with persistent disease) at 2, 5, 10 months. All seven patients who died with or of tumor had undergone incisional biopsy of the tumor either before the operation or intraoperatively, whereas none of the patients who were alive had incisional biopsy. When compared with 82 cases of resectable ordinary ductal adenocarcinoma on whom follow-up and staging information was complete, it was found that the patients with CC present with larger tumors (p = 0.03) but lower stage (p = 0.01). The prognosis of CC is significantly better: 2-year and 5-year survival are 70% versus 28% and 57% versus 12%, respectively (p = 0.001). In conclusion, pancreatic CC may occur with or without an identifiable IPMN and MCN component, and should be distinguished from mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, ordinary ductal adenocarcinoma, and signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma. CC of the pancreas is associated with a significantly better prognosis than ordinary ductal adenocarcinoma. In addition to its distinctive morphologic and clinical characteristics, CC of the pancreas also appears to have a low incidence of mutation in codon 12 of the k-ras gene. In cases with a clinical suspicion of colloid carcinoma, the possibility that an incisional biopsy may contribute to thromboembolic complications or even dissemination of the tumor may need to be considered. The luminalization of the basal aspects of the tumor cells may be the cause of stromal mucin accumulation that characterizes colloid carcinoma and may act as a containing factor.
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PMID:Colloid (mucinous noncystic) carcinoma of the pancreas. 1114 49

Rare cases of osseous and chondroid metaplasia in choroid plexus papillomas have been described. We report a case of left lateral ventricular choroid plexus papilloma presenting in a 25-year-old man. The tumor demonstrates prominent calcification with associated osseous metaplasia and a region of adipose metaplasia, which has not been previously described in these tumors. There is no evidence of mucin in the papilloma on mucicarmine and alcian blue stains. A MIB-1 labeling index (marker of cell proliferation) of 0.1% was noted. P53 immunoreactivity was not observed in the papilloma. Ann Diagn Pathol 5:43-47, 2001.
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PMID:Choroid plexus papilloma with osseous and adipose metaplasia. 1117 6

To study the biopathological characteristics of the transitional mucosa adjacent to rectal carcinoma, 34 cases were subjected to mucin histochemical and immunohistochemical study to observe the expression of p53 and p21 protein in distal mucosa adjacent to rectal carcinoma and its relationship to the mucin change. The expression of p53 protein was found in 29.4% (10/34) of distal transitional mucosa in the cytoplasm of goblet cells, and its positive staining was within 4 cm from carcinoma margin. All p53 positive mucosa was transitional mucosa. Overexpression of p21 protein was found in 26.5% (9/34) of distal transitional mucosa in cytoplasm of crypt cells, and its positive staining was within 2 cm from carcinoma margin. There was no relationship between the expression of p53 and p21 protein in carcinoma and that in transitional mucosa (P > 0.05). These findings indicated that there was aberrant alteration of p53 and p21 genes in transitional mucosa adjacent to colorectal carcinoma, which provided further evidence that transitional mucosa was an unstable pre-cancerous change. The aberrant mucin change and genetic alteration in distal mucosa of rectal cancer is within 4 cm.
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PMID:Expression of p53 and p21 protein in transitional mucosa adjacent to rectal carcinoma and its clinical implication. 1121 54

The purpose of this report was the initiation and further maintenance of tumor cells from a primary larynx squamous cell carcinoma. A tumor fragment was mechanically dissociated, the cells were grown in RPMI medium, being the primary culture dependent on the presence of epidermal growth factor and insulin; during subsequent passages the adaptation to conventional growth conditions was obtained. Cells grew in monolayer with an epitheliod shape, showing a pavement-like arrangement; at confluence, cells piled up without contact inhibition maintaining the same morphology. Population doubling time was about 48 h with a colony-forming efficiency of 10%. Immunocytochemical characterization was performed with a panel of monoclonal antibodies reactive against tumor associated antigens, including mucin glycoproteins and related carbohydrate antigens, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), p53 as well as cytokeratins, vimentin and desmin. T201 expressed CEA, sialyl Lewis x, Lewis x, Lewis y, MUC1 mucin, Tn hapten, p53, vimentin and cytokeratins. On the other hand, a modal chromosome diploid number of 46 occurring in 74% of cells was detected. Present data confirmed that the methodology employed was adequate for the establishment and characterization of a new cell line which can provide a useful model to study biological and immunological aspects of larynx squamous cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Establishment and characterization of a cell line (T201) derived from a human larynx squamous cell carcinoma. 1125 Nov 67

Absence of a functional p53 gene product can lead to increased p53 accumulation in cancer cells. In this contribution, the association between cell differentiation, chemotherapy and p53 immunoreactivity in human HT29 colon cancer cells grown in scid mice as undifferentiated cells and as mucin containing signet-ring cells was investigated. Mutated p53 was more frequently expressed in the undifferentiated tumour cells than in the signet-ring cells. 5-fluorouracil (5FU) treatment resulted in a substantial increase in the p53-positive signet-ring cell population (from 17% to 45%) and in an increased Mdm2 immunoreactivity. These findings indicate that mutated p53 expression is related to the differentiation pattern and that tumour cells devoid of mutated p53 immunoreactivity are preferentially eliminated by 5FU treatment.
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PMID:Cell differentiation and chemotherapy influence p53 and Mdm2 immunoreactivity in human HT29 colon cancer cells grown in scid mice. 1131 95

8-Cl-adenosine represents a novel nontoxic chemotherapeutic agent shown to inhibit growth of a number of colorectal cancer cell lines. We have utilized the mucin-secreting colorectal cancer cell line, LS174T, to assess the growth inhibitory properties of 8-Cl-adenosine independent of its parental compound, 8-Cl-cAMP. Conversion of 8-Cl-cAMP to 8-Cl-adenosine is required for growth inhibition in LS174T cells. 8-Cl-Adenosine inhibited growth by inducing a G1 cell cycle arrest that was associated with large (eightfold) increases in p21WAF1/Cip1 and p53 protein levels and a decrease in the phosphorylation status of the retinoblastoma protein. LS174T cells did not undergo apoptosis. In addition, 8-Cl-adenosine also induced some degree of enterocytic differentiation. Both villin protein levels as well as alkaline phosphatase activity rose (2- and 3.5-fold, respectively) in response to treatment with 8-Cl-adenosine. Our results suggest that in LS174T cells, 8-Cl-adenosine not only serves as a growth inhibitory agent but also as an inducer of enterocytic differentiation.
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PMID:8-Cl-adenosine induces differentiation in LS174T cells. 1133 Apr 9

Synovial sarcoma of the pleural cavity is exceptionally rare and may be confused, both clinically and histologically, with malignant mesothelioma, with subsequent inappropriate therapy. To address this dilemma, four biphasic synovial sarcomas (BSSs) and four biphasic malignant mesotheliomas (BMMs) were studied with a panel of mucin and immunohistochemical stains to determine if they would allow one to distinguish between the two. The BMMs were all pleural-based. The BSSs were extrapleural. The mucin and immunohistochemical stains were all performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue using standard techniques, with appropriate positive and negative controls. Mucin present in BSS is, in general, mucicarmine-positive and resistant to both hyaluronidase and diastase. Of the immune markers evaluated, only calretinin, Ber-Ep4 and bcl-2 were of limited discriminatory value. Subsets of cytokeratins, CEA and CD 34 were not helpful. With the exception of bcl-2, the apoptotic markers p53, bax and cpp32 (caspase) also were not useful. However, when the apoptotic stains were viewed collectively, variations in expression between the two tumours raised the possibility that alterations in apoptotic activity might be responsible for their pathogenesis and behavior. The diagnosis of BSS or BMM of the pleural should be made only after total consideration of clinical, radiological, histochemical and immunohistochemical findings. Although mucin stains are useful in differential diagnosis, reliance solely on immunohistochemical markers, with the possible exception of calretinin, Ber-Ep4 and bcl-2, is not dependable. The role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of these tumours needs to be explored with a much larger series.
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PMID:Synovial sarcoma and malignant mesothelioma of the pleura: review, differential diagnosis and possible role of apoptosis. 1135 44


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