Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P04637 (p53)
 77,613 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Increased expression of p53 has been found in the majority of basal cell carcinomas (BCCs). The pattern and intensity of this staining, as well as staining for proliferation antigens, seems to correlate with behavior of histologic subtypes of BCC. Nevus sebaceus (NS) is considered a hamartoma. Multiple epithelial neoplasms do arise in NS, and, rarely, they show an aggressive biologic behavior. Significant numbers of these neoplasms, however, have areas of basaloid hyperplasia that are often reported as BCC. Although morphologically similar to BCC, the mechanism underlying the development of these areas has not been investigated, so we sought to evaluate the expression of Ber-EP4, p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Ki-67, bcl-2, Factor XIIIa, and CD34 in areas showing basaloid hyperplasia, arising in NS. We performed immunohistochemical stains for Ber-EP4, p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Ki-67, bcl-2, Factor XIIIa, and CD34 on seven cases of NS with areas of basaloid hyperplasia. All of the eight cases of NS showed diffuse positive membrane staining for Ber-EP4 and negative nuclear staining for p53. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 staining was only slightly increased in the areas of basaloid hyperplasia, compared with the surrounding epidermis and with areas of the epidermis peripheral to the hamartomatous proliferation, and bcl-2 was only focally positive. Factor XIIIa-positive cells and CD34-positive vascular endothelial cells were increased within the subjacent dermis, a pattern suggestive of follicular differentiation. Our findings suggest that even though areas of basaloid hyperplasia in NS are morphologically similar to BCC, they are induced by different stimulatory and molecular mechanisms. These different mechanisms result in expression of immunohistochemical markers more characteristic of benign follicular tumors than of BCC.
 ...
PMID:Immunohistochemical staining for Ber-EP4, p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Ki-67, bcl-2, CD34, and factor XIIIa in nevus sebaceus. 1034 81

We have previously demonstrated that vascular count significantly increases in the preneoplastic lesions of the bronchial tree, starting from very low levels in the normal epithelium to a significantly higher number of microvessels in moderate dysplastic lesions and in situ carcinomas. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein expression has shown to be strictly associated with neovascularization both in human cancer and in various type of preinvasive lesions. A number of studies have demonstrated that mutant p53 is involved in the regulation of angiogenesis, and immunohistochemical detection of the p53 protein is associated with p53 gene mutations. In this study we looked for possible correlation between p53 protein detection, VEGF expression and vascular count in a series of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the bronchial tree in order to investigate the angiogenic pattern and its genetic control in the early steps of bronchial cancer development. Twenty-four retrospective bronchial lesions with different grades of dysplasia and a case of normal bronchial epithelium were analysed. Surgical specimens removed from patients either confirmed, or suspect for lung carcinoma were stained immunohistochemically for CD34, VEGF, and p53. There were significant increases in microvascular density (MVD), VEGF, and p53 expression from normal bronchial epithelium through moderate dysplasia to in situ carcinoma to invasive cancer and these factors were significantly associated with moderate dysplastic lesions. A statistically significant difference was observed in MVD between hyperplastic-metaplastic, moderate dysplastic lesions and in situ carcinoma. A similar pattern was also observed for VEGF and p53 protein expression but no significant difference was observed between moderate dysplastic lesions and in situ carcinoma with regard to VEGF protein expression. The association between MVD, VEGF expression, p53 mutations and preinvasive lesions of the bronchial tree suggests that neoangiogenesis is early in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development and that p53 may have an important role in promoting angiogenesis in this human model of carcinogenesis.
 ...
PMID:Modulation of neoangiogenesis in bronchial preneoplastic lesions. 1037 62

We describe 12 patients with a distinctive variant of pleomorphic liposarcoma that histologically shows epithelioid features and focally resembles a solid carcinoma. The tumors occurred in nine men and three women (median age, 63 yr; range, 40-78 yr). Five tumors were in the thigh, two in the chest wall, two in the axilla, and one each in the retroperitoneum, groin, and calf. Most were 15 to 20 cm in maximal diameter. They consisted of sheets of epithelioid-appearing cells with ample, variably eosinophilic cytoplasm, often showing a honeycomb-like pattern of cell borders and little if any collagenous extracellular matrix. Their histologic features often resembled those of renal clear cell carcinoma or adrenal cortical carcinoma, but all showed evidence of adipocytic differentiation, and five also showed focal spindle cell components. One patient whose tumor in the thigh had been originally diagnosed as metastatic renal carcinoma had undergone nephrectomy without a finding of a kidney tumor. All of the cases were positive for vimentin; 6 of 11 cases were positive for S-100 protein, usually focally; 5 of 11 were focally positive for keratins; and all were negative for epithelial membrane antigen, muscle actins, desmin, and CD34. High mitotic activity (mean, 42 mitotic figures per 10 high power fields) and high MIB-1-positive proliferative fraction (>30%) were seen in all of the cases, and nuclear p53 immunoreactivity was detected in five of seven cases. Of the eight patients with complete follow-up, five died of disease (median survival, 6 mo), two died of unrelated causes 10 and 18 years later, and 1 was alive and well 24 years later. The epithelioid variant of pleomorphic liposarcoma is a high-grade tumor that must be distinguished from malignant epithelial tumors, especially in view of the keratin immunoreactivity of some of these neoplasms.
 ...
PMID:Epithelioid variant of pleomorphic liposarcoma: a study of 12 cases of a distinctive variant of high-grade liposarcoma. 1043 Feb 77

Apoptosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of marrow failure in MDS and the coexistence of marrow hypercellularity along with blood cytopenias was seen as evidence of extreme cell death of mainly mature cells in the marrow (ineffective hematopoiesis). We investigated apoptosis in 53 patients with MDS, by using single-step DNA extraction and gel electrophoresis and then by separating fresh marrow mononuclear cells in CD34+ and CD34- populations and in situ single cell evaluation of the process. We also studied the expression of apoptosis-related genes, in total and separated mononuclear marrow cells and correlated the findings with clinical and laboratory characteristics. Patients with apoptosis had increased marrow cellularity, longer overall survival and a longer period for transformation to AML. In 'good' prognosis MDS patients, total mononuclear marrow cells, as well as isolated populations of CD34+ and CD34- cells showed significant degrees of apoptosis; in 'poor' prognosis cases, however, apoptosis was evident only in a large percentage of CD34+ marrow cells and not in total or CD34- cells. Absence of expression of both c-myc and p53 in total marrow cells was associated with significant degrees of apoptosis and in isolated CD34+ and CD34- marrow cells the phenomenon was inversely correlated with the level of bcl-2 expression. In conclusion, marrow apoptosis is detected in both CD34+ and CD34- cells in early MDS and seems to be restricted to CD34+ cells in advanced MDS cases.
 ...
PMID:Apoptosis in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes: differential involvement of marrow cells in 'good' versus 'poor' prognosis patients and correlation with apoptosis-related genes. 1051 57

Chordoid glioma of the third ventricle was recently reported as a novel tumor entity of the central nervous system with characteristic clinical and histopathological features (Brat et al., J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 57: 283-290, 1998). Here, we report on a histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular genetic analysis of five cases of this rare neoplasm. All tumors were immunohistochemically investigated for the expression of various differentiation antigens, the proliferation marker Ki-67, and a panel of selected proto-oncogene and tumor suppressor gene products. These studies revealed a strong expression of GFAP, vimentin, and CD34. In addition, most tumors contained small fractions of neoplastic cells immunoreactive for epithelial membrane antigen, S-100 protein, or cytokeratins. The percentage of Ki-67 positive cells was generally low (<5%). All tumors showed immunoreactivity for the epidermal growth factor receptor and schwannomin/merlin. There was no nuclear accumulation of the p53, p21 (Waf-1) and Mdm2 proteins. To examine genomic alterations associated with the development of chordoid gliomas, we screened 4 tumors by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis. No chromosomal imbalances were detected. More focussed molecular genetic analyses revealed neither aberrations of the TP53 and CDKN2A tumor suppressor genes nor amplification of the EGFR, CDK4, and MDM2 proto-oncogenes. Our data strongly support the hypothesis that chordoid glioma of the third ventricle constitutes a novel tumor entity characterized by distinct morphological and immunohistochemical features, as well as a lack of chromosomal and genetic alterations commonly found in other types of gliomas or in meningiomas.
 ...
PMID:Chordoid glioma of the third ventricle: immunohistochemical and molecular genetic characterization of a novel tumor entity. 1051

The purpose of this study was to clarify which factors are important as predictors not only of patient survival but also of hematogenic metastasis in 15 patients with stage I lung adenocarcinoma who underwent curative operation. The relationship between tumor angiogenesis, apoptosis, and p53 oncogene was also studied. A total of 15 patients were divided into two groups: surviving group (n = 7) and nonsurviving (metastasis) group (n = 8). We studied the medical charts, operative records, pathologic reports, and tumor specimens taken at surgical resection. We measured the apoptotic index using the ApopTag kit and the intratumoral microvessel count using an anti-CD34 monoclonal antibody. In addition, immunohistochemical staining for the expression of p53 was conducted simultaneously. The clinicopathological characteristics, including age, sex, tumor size (pT), and histological differentiation, were not significantly different between the surviving and the nonsurviving group. The microvessel count was significantly higher in nonsurviving group than in the surviving group. The apoptotic index and the expression of p53 was not significantly different between the two groups. An inverse correlation between the apoptotic index and microvessel count, and a positive correlation between the expression of p53 and microvessel count, were observed. Angiogenesis may be an important prognostic factor in patients with stage I lung adenocarcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Tumor angiogenesis, apoptosis, and p53 oncogene in stage I lung adenocarcinoma. 1055 32

B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) results from the clonal expansion of mature B lymphocytes. The detection of leukaemia-associated genetic markers in CD34-positive progenitor cells in a subset of B-CLL patients suggests that malignant transformation in B-CLL occurs in an immature progenitor cell compartment. To further quantify the percentage of B-CLL patients with genetically aberrant progenitor cells we have investigated CD34+ bone marrow cells in 11 B-CLL patients at the single cell level by simultaneous genetic and immunophenotypic analysis (FICTION). In five patients with trisomy 12, CD34+ haemopoietic progenitor cells were detectable on bone marrow smears. In one patient with trisomy 12, CD34+ progenitor cells were isolated by FACS sorting. In all six patients trisomy 12 was not found in the CD34+ cells. Progenitor cells were also analysed in three patients with Rb-deletion and in two patients with deletion of p53. In all patients the genetic marker was not detected in the CD34+ cells. In conclusion, we did not find genetically aberrant progenitor cells in this group of B-CLL patients. These results suggest that the subset of B-CLL patients with genetically aberrant CD34+ cells may be very small. This is of significance for our understanding of B-CLL biology and for future strategies using autologous stem cell transplantation.
 ...
PMID:Analysis of progenitor cell involvement in B-CLL by simultaneous immunophenotypic and genotypic analysis at the single cell level. 1055 6

We present the establishment of a natural killer (NK) leukemia cell line, designated KHYG-1, from the blood of a patient with aggressive NK leukemia, which both possessed the same p53 point mutation. The immunophenotype of the primary leukemia cells was CD2+, surface CD3-, cytoplasmic CD3epsilon+, CD7+, CD8alphaalpha+, CD16+, CD56+, CD57+ and HLA-DR+. A new cell line (KHYG-1) was established by culturing peripheral leukemia cells with 100 units of recombinant interleukin (IL)-2. The KHYG-1 cells showed LGL morphology with a large nucleus, coarse chromatin, conspicuous nucleoli, and abundant basophilic cytoplasm with many azurophilic granules. The immunophenotype of KHYG-1 cells was CD1-, CD2+, surface CD3-, cytoplasmic CD3epsilon+, CD7+, CD8alphaalpha+, CD16-, CD25-, CD33+, CD34-, CD56+, CD57-, CD122+, CD132+, and TdT-. Southern blot analysis of these cells revealed a normal germline configuration for the beta, delta, and gamma chains of the T cell receptor and the immunoglobulin heavy-chain genes. Moreover, the KHYG-1 cells displayed NK cell activity and IL-2-dependent proliferation in vitro, suggesting that they are of NK cell origin. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA was not detected in KHYG-1 cells by Southern blot analysis with a terminal repeat probe from an EBV genome. A point mutation in exon 7 of the p53 gene was detected in the KHYG-1 cells by PCR/SSCP analysis, and direct sequencing revealed the conversion of C to T at nucleotide 877 in codon 248. The primary leukemia cells also carried the same point mutation. Although the precise role of the p53 point mutation in leukemogenesis remains to be clarified, the establishment of an NK leukemia cell line with a p53 point mutation could be valuable in the study of leukemogenesis.
 ...
PMID:A novel natural killer cell line (KHYG-1) from a patient with aggressive natural killer cell leukemia carrying a p53 point mutation. 1080 26

Gastric cancer (GC) continues to be a highly aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis and low survival rates. The survival of patients with GC depends mainly on the stage of the disease, with early GC having a 5 year survival of 90-100% and advanced tumors a 5 year survival of 15-25%. The role of other prognostic factors in these tumors is still under investigation. 28 gastric dysplasia, 45 Early GC and 98 Advanced Gastric Cancers were evaluated for expression of the oncogenes p53, c-ErbB2, c-myc and the EGFr in paraffin-embedded material utilizing Avidin-Biotin immunohistochemistry techniques. In 34 cases of GC microvessel density (MVD) was determined in CD34 stained sections. Statistical correlations with stage, histologic type, differentiation degree, location, size, ploidy patterns and overall survival were done. The Mantel-Cox test was performed to evaluate which factors had an independent prognostic value. Both, tumor angiogenesis and p53 protein expression were statistically associated (95% confidence intervals) with overall survival in patients with GC. p53 protein expression was also correlated with cardial location, nodal involvement and tumor stage. c-ErbB2 may recognize a group of highly aggressive well differentiated adenocarcinomas with worse prognosis. c-myc was also significantly enhanced in well differentiated tumors. EGFr showed no significant associations. Mantel-Cox was performed to compare the prognostic value of tumor stage, p53 protein expression and tumor angiogenesis. Tumor angiogenesis was the most important prognostic indicator to predict overall survival in our series. p53 expression was not independent and did not provide additional prognostic information to tumor stage. Our study suggests that angiogenesis as demonstrated by microvessel counts in CD34 stained sections is a significantly important prognostic factor for predicting survival in gastric cancer.
 ...
PMID:Comparative study of tumor angiogenesis and immunohistochemistry for p53, c-ErbB2, c-myc and EGFr as prognostic factors in gastric cancer. 1080 64

In a 55-year-old man, a tumor about 3 cm in diameter was detected in the upper abdomen by abdominal ultrasound screening during follow-up of chronic hepatitis C discovered in 1990. There were no symptoms and no abnormalities on physical examination. Tests for tumor markers were negative. By barium meal and gastroscopy, submucosal tumor was found on the lesser curvature of the stomach, with bridging fold in the absence of central ulceration. Biopsy revealed no tumor tissue. Under the diagnosis of submucosal tumor of the stomach, either a leiomyoma or leiomyosarcoma, partial resection of stomach was performed. Direct invasion of the surrounding organs, lymph node metastasis or distant metastasis was not observed grossly in the operation. Histologic examination of the resected specimen revealed proliferation of spindle cells and oval cells in an interlacing pattern. Immunohistochemistry for CD34, vimentin and c-kit protein was strongly positive, while smooth muscle actin, S-100 protein, desmin and p53 protein were negative. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen index was about 50%, while the MIB-1 index was < or = 1%. From these findings, this tumor was diagnosed as a gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the uncommitted type.
 ...
PMID:A case of gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach. 1081 97


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>