Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P04637 (p53)
 77,613 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Inactivation of the p53 gene occurs in various tumors favouring the accumulation of genetic aberration. It is assumed that p53 protein can become immunogenic in stimulating the production of circulating anti p53 antibodies. Sera from 97 patients with primary and 30 patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were examined for p53 autoantibodies with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sera from 42 patients with benign ENT-diseases and 28 healthy smokers served as the control. 38.1% (37/97) of the patients with primary and 36.6% (11/30) with recurrent SCCHN had autoantibodies to p53 in their serum. The evidence of p53 antibodies was not dependent on histological grading, T- or UICC stage of the disease. 24.2% (17/70) of the control group also had autoantibodies to p53 in the serum. The values of the control group and the patient group are so closely related, that p53 autoantibodies can not serve as a marker of malignancy. The indication for p53 measurement by ELISA should be very closely defined and limited.
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PMID:Anti-p53 antibodies in serum of smokers and head and neck cancer patients. 906 86

Five cases of malignant melanomata of the nasal cavities have been diagnosed and studied at ENT--and Anatomopathological Departments, between 1990 and 1997, the group ranging from 65 to 90 years, middle age 74.2. Paramount symptoms were epistaxis and lack of pain in all patients. Radical surgery was performed only in one case, followed by radiotherapy; the remainder were submitted to palliative treatment. We have reviewed the literature and also an immunohistochemical analysis about p53, p16INK4 and Rb oncogenes with the aim to establish its importance in these tumor's type. The whole group have showed high levels of p53 and MIB-1 and 60 percent a loss of oncogen p16 expression.
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PMID:[Malignant melanoma of the nasal cavity. Retrospective study. The analysis of p53 and p16INK4 expression]. 1145 87

In the present study we review ENT tumor pathology in childhood. Only the most salient aspects are emphasized and the variety of entities reviewed was restricted. Molecular biology techniques reveal infection by human papilloma virus (types 6 and 11) in 50 % of papillomas, while immunohistochemical techniques are less effective in papilloma virus detection. The myofibroblastic nature of nasal angiofibroma has been demonstrated and its incidence is 25 times more frequent in patients with familial polyposis of the colon. Overexpression of p53 occurs in the initial stages of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, while overexpression of c-myc is correlated with an unfavorable prognosis. Recently, olfactory neuroblastoma has been shown not to express the protein product of the MIC-2 gene (antibody 12E7), thus the hypothesis that it could be a member of the Ewing tumor family (neuroectodermal peripheral tumors) has not been confirmed, although it is a primitive neural tumor. The head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma with the best prognosis is that located in the orbit, and cytogenetic studies have shown chromosomic translocation t(2;13) in 50 % of these childhood tumors when they are of the alveolar-type, while trisomy of chromosome 2 or 20 is more characteristic of the embryonic-type. Currently, any classifying features of ENT lymphomas must be based on the Revised European-American Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms (REAL). Papillary and medullary carcinomas are the most common histological types of thyroid carcinoma in childhood. Alterations in ret/PTC play a significant role in the pathogenesis of both.
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PMID:[Advances in the diagnosis of ENT tumors in childhood]. 1272 79

Schneiderian papillomas are uncommon benign tumors of the sinonasal area. They are prone to local aggressiveness and recurrence, and some undergo malignant progression. We analyzed specimens obtained from 67 Chinese patients who had presented to the ENT department of a regional hospital with biopsy-proven schneiderian papilloma. Seven of these patients had either synchronous or metachronous carcinoma, 1 of whom had pure carcinoma in situ. For each case, we documented the morphology, immunohistochemical expression of tumor suppressor genes p53 and p16, and any association with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection as detected by either polymerase chain reaction or in situ hybridization techniques. We found that severe dysplasia and p53 positivity were strongly associated with malignant progression. Association with HPV was demonstrated in 22 of the 67 patients (33%); the association was strongest among patients with exophytic papillomas and carcinomas. The effect of HPV in papilloma oncogenesis probably begins during the early phase, while other factors are responsible for progression to carcinoma. We conclude that p53-positive, dysplastic schneiderian papillomas warrant aggressive surgical treatment.
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PMID:Schneiderian papillomas and carcinomas: a retrospective study with special reference to p53 and p16 tumor suppressor gene expression and association with HPV. 2098 55

Chondrosarcoma is a malignancy of the mesenchymal tissue derived from transformed cells that produce the cartilage matrix. In the neck area, it represents less than 0.5% of malignant tumor pathology. Chondrosarcoma of the hyoid bone is extremely rare, only 20 cases having been published so far (PubMed 2014). We present the case of a 30-year-old patient from the urban area, admitted in the ENT (Ear, Nose & Throat) Emergency Service with inspiratory dyspnea, dysphagia, stomatolalia, with evolutive and progressive clinical history of 2-3 months. Endoscopic examination revealed a pharyngolaryngeal tumor process located in the right vallecula, who by mass effect displaces the above-hyoid epiglottis. CT (computerized tomography) scan described a cervical polycystic tumor aspect, with multiple septae and inside calcifications with a diameter of 3-4 mm. Surgery consisted in removal of the tumor process together with the hyoid bone. Histopathological and especially immunohistochemical examination established the diagnosis of low-grade chondrosarcoma of the hyoid bone. For assessment of the phenotype of the tumor cells, the following immunohistochemical markers were used: p53, Ki67. The patient followed radiochemotherapic oncological treatment and returned for regular follow-ups. There was a positive development with no signs of regional or remote relapse or metastasis for 24 months after surgical treatment. Surgery is the treatment of choice, with complete removal of the tumor, with chemoradiation playing an adjuvant role. Regular tracking of the patient is mandatory.
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PMID:Chondrosarcoma of the hyoid bone: a case report. 2642 77

A worldwide rise in the incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer has been recorded over the past decade. This rise has been attributed to an increase in oncogenic human papilloma virus (HPV) infections. The biology of HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer is distinct; it includes p53 degradation, retinoblastoma pathway inactivation, and p16 upregulation. The best method for detecting HPV in tumour material is controversial; both in-situ hybridisation and PCR are commonly used. However, p16 can serve as a potential surrogate marker, and therefore, p16 immunohistochemistry is widely used in clinical practice. Compared to HPV-negative cancers, HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer appears to be more responsive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Thus, p16 can serve as a prognostic marker for enhanced overall survival and disease-free survival. In this review, we aimed to highlight the current understanding of the epidemiology, biology, detection, and management of HPV-related oropharyngeal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
B-ENT 2015
PMID:HPV-positive head and neck tumours, a distinct clinical entity. 2656 6