Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P04637 (p53)
 77,613 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a cribriform carcinoma of the left fossa poplitea in a 62-year-old woman. The patient did not present any symptoms, and the only complaint was the nodule, which was resected for diagnosis. After considering different diagnostic options, we decided that the most appropriate one was cribriform carcinoma, which is an entity described in 1998. The diagnostic criteria, which were provided in the few publications that refer to this entity, helped us to distinguish it from the main mimicker: cystic adenoid carcinoma. Owing to the cribriform pattern of the tumor, we also looked for a metastasis from other sites, mainly breast, vulva, and salivary glands, but all these were clinically excluded. The tumoral cells showed secretion by decapitation, as well as a positive stain of the luminal secretion by histochemical techniques of Alcian blue and periodic acid-Schiff. The tumor was negative for iron stain. In spite of these characteristics, which are, for some authors, indicative of an apocrine phenotype, the immunohistochemical study revealed some differences with the profile that has been described in cases of apocrine adenocarcinoma. The tumor did not express GCDFP-15 or CD 15. It was also negative for SMA, CEA, and PR. The pattern of cytokeratins expressed by our case was positive for AE1-AE3, CAM 5.2, and CK7, without any expression for CK20. Other markers expressed by the tumor were EMA, ER, c-erbB-2, p53, and S-100.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical phenotype of cutaneous cribriform carcinoma with a panel of 15 antibodies. 1808 81

We present the surgical and pathological findings and follow-up of 5 women diagnosed with combined endometrioid and high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of large cell type (LCNEC) arising in the endometrium. The mean age of the women was 75 years (range, 50-88 years). Of the 5 tumors, 4 formed polypoid endometrial masses associated with extensive lymphovascular involvement of the myometrium by neoplastic cells. A single endometrial tumor was formed by LCNEC alone, and 4 tumors were composite with varying proportions formed by endometrioid (4/5) and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (1/5). In all 5 LCNEC tumor components, an insular growth pattern was noted, whereas a diffuse (solid) pattern was found in 4 tumors, a trabecular in 2, and rosettes/pseudorosettes in another 2. In all 5 tumors, the LCNEC tumor components were labeled with neuron-specific enolase (NSE). Four tumors were reactive for chromogranin A, CAM 5.2, and p53. Three tumors were labeled for AE1/AE3, CD56 (NCAM), p16, and cytokeratin 7. Synaptophysin was reactive in 2 tumors, and CD117 was found in only a single tumor. Of the 3 endometrioid tumor components examined, all were reactive for NSE. Two tumors were reactive for p16 and p53, 1 for CD56, but none for synaptophysin orchromogranin A. We conclude that LCNEC of the endometrium is a distinct clinicopathological entity with a poor prognosis irrespective of stage. The gross and histomorphological features are often suggestive, but confirmation requires immunoperoxidases, including NSE, synaptophysin, chromogranin A, p16, and p53. Combined endometrioid and high-grade LCNEC possess more characteristics of a type II than a type I endometrial carcinoma.
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PMID:Combined large cell neuroendocrine and endometrioid carcinoma of the endometrium. 1815 75

A rare case of pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma of the stomach in a 70-year-old man is reported. Characteristic microscopic findings included a general lack of architectural cohesiveness, aggregates of mononucleated or multinucleated giant cells, extensive areas of coagulative necrosis, and numerous mitoses. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells displayed cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for cytokeratin AE1/AE3 as well as overexpression of p53 and Ki-67. Electron microscopy revealed paranuclear tonofilaments bundles in giant cells confirming their epithelial nature. Furthermore, giant cells contained two or more nuclei with heterogeneous size, nucleoplasmic bridges, nuclear buds, and micronuclei. Similar abnormal nuclear structures have been closely related to breakage-fusion-bridge type of mitotic disturbances in tumor cell lines, and have not been previously reported in a human tumor.
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PMID:Abnormal nuclear structures (micronuclei, nucleoplasmic bridges, and nuclear buds) in a pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma of the stomach. 1830 33

Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is a rare malignancy, affecting mainly the periocular glands. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first English-language report of parotid SC affecting children; two cases are presented. Immunohistochemical studies included 29 different antibodies (15 of these were cytokeratins, CKs). For each case, DNA ploidy status was determined using isolated nuclei stained with Feulgen and analysed using a DNA image cytometry system. Most of the tumour cells were positive for CKs AE1/AE3, 34B12, 5 and 7. The CK14 pattern depicted the monolayer of basal cells surrounding the islands of malignant tissue, while the more central sebaceous differentiated cells were negative. Epithelial membrane antigen was strongly positive in the well differentiated cells, while most of the basaloid peripheral cells were negative, and only a few cells were positive for carcinoembryonic antigen. beta catenin, E cadherin and C-erb B2 were expressed by most of the cells including the more differentiated sebaceous cells. Tumour cells were negative for muscle or myoepithelial markers, androgen, oestrogen and progesterone receptors. Both SCs were uniformly diploid, and showed low proliferative indices for p53, Ki-67 and Mcm-2, which is consistent with the good clinical course presented by these patients so far.
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PMID:Sebaceous carcinoma of the parotid gland in children: an immunohistochemical and ploidy study. 1839 14

We present a 6-year-old child with intraocular and extraocular mass and high intraocular pressure. The tumor mass involved a disorganized anterior segment and extended through the medial cornea and sclera. A preliminary diagnosis of retinoblastoma with extraocular extension was made. An exenteration of the left globe and orbital tissue was performed. Histological examination showed that the lesion, which occupied the posterior chamber, involved the ciliary body, extending into the iris, sclera and cornea, projecting beyond the cornea anteriorly and extending to the retina posteriorly. The tumor cells were diffusely immunoreactive to vimentin, neuron specific enolase and CD 138. The medulloepithelioma cells were focally positive to cytokeratin (AE1/AE3), cytokeratin 18, CD56,CD57, S100, HMB-45 and bcl2 while areas of retinoblastic differentiation showed diffuse immunoreactivity to synaptophysin, neurofilament and CD138 with focal immunoreactivity to calretinin. All tumor cells showed no immunoreactivity to cytokeratin 7, cytokeratin 20, epithelial membrane antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, desmin, GFAP, and chromogranin. Nuclear staining for P53 was seen in 80% of tumor cells. The ki-67 index was 90%. The tumor was described as malignant intraocular non-teratoid medulloepithelioma with retinoblastic differentiation arising from the ciliary body. Tumor satellites were seen in the adjacent periocular soft tissue. The treatment involved exenteration of the left globe and orbital tissue with secondary skin graft following chemotherapy. The patient is well and has no recurrence after 1 year of treatment. We report that medulloepithelioma can present as a case of infantile glaucoma, can show signs of intraocular calcifications and can show retinoblastic differentiation.
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PMID:Malignant non-teratoid medulloepithelioma of ciliary body with retinoblastic differentiation: a case report and review of literature. 1841 Feb 70

A 73-year-old woman who had undergone resection of urothelial carcinoma (UC) (G3 > G2) of the ureter was also found to have UC (G3) in the urinary bladder, spread throughout the urinary bladder with multiple foci of carcinoma in situ and small papillary cancers. Total cystectomy was therefore performed. On detailed microscopic examination of the extirpated urinary bladder, multiple minute cell nests, 14 in number and less than 2 mm in diameter each, consisting of cells harboring small nuclei and clear cytoplasm, were incidentally detected within the sub-mucosal layer and the proper muscle layer, mainly in the posterior wall of the urinary bladder. Some cell nests were clearly associated with ganglion cells. The cells in minute nests were positive on Grimelius staining and also strongly positive on staining with antibodies to chromogranin A, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), synaptophysin, and vimentin on immunohistochemical staining. In addition, sustentacular cells in the minute cell nests were positive for S100 protein. Staining with antibodies to pancytokeratin AE1/AE3, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and p53 was negative in the cell nests. Based on these findings, the multiple minute foci were diagnosed as paraganglionic cells (PGCs) incidentally detected in the urinary bladder of an elderly woman, in association with UC. Although PGCs are rarely detected in adult human urinary bladder on routine histopathological examination, the possibility of their existence should be kept in mind by pathologists, especially in coexistence with UC. This is the first case of PGCs associated with UC in the human urinary bladder in the English literature.
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PMID:Multiple minute nests of incidentally detected paraganglionic cells associated with urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder in a 73-year-old woman. 1847 Jun 83

Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC) is a rare odontogenic tumor associated with aggressive clinical behavior, metastasis, and low survival. We report a case of CCOC affecting the mandible of a 39-year-old man. The tumor presented a biphasic pattern composed of clear cell nests intermingled with eosinophilic cells and separated by collagenous stroma. Immunoreactivity to cytokeratin (CK), specifically AE1/AE3 and CK 8, 14, 18, and 19 was found, as well as to epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). The tumor cells were negative for S100 protein, CK 13, vimentin, smooth muscle actin, laminin and type IV collagen. Low labeling indices for the proliferation markers Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen and to p53 protein might predict a favorable prognosis for the lesion. A surgical resection was performed, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy. A 2-year follow-up has shown no signs of recurrence. The significance of histochemical and immunohistochemical resources in the correct diagnosis of CCOC is analyzed.
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PMID:Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma: case report with immunohistochemical findings adding support to the challenging diagnosis. 1860 8

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare distinct variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). To investigate its clinical behavior and prognosis, 15 patients with BSCC in the oral and maxillofacial region were clinically analyzed and compared with 15 patients with conventional SCC matched for site, stage, gender and age. To understand its immunohistochemical features, sections for cytokeratin AE1/AE3, CK 13. CK 7, CK 8, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and p53 were reviewed from 12 patients with BSCC. The rate of cervical lymph node metastasis of BSCC was as high as 67% and that of distant metastasis 13%. The tumor recurrence rate was 33% and the 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 53% and 32%, respectively. For conventional SCC, the cervical lymph node metastasis rate was 27%, that of distant metastasis 7%, tumor recurrence rate was 33%, and 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 80% and 70%, respectively. In most BSCC patients (10/12) the PCNA index was over 50%. Twelve BSCC patients were diagnosed with grade II or III conventional SCC when the original records of the primary diagnosis for the 15 patients with BSCC were reviewed. The biological behavior and prognosis of BSCC are similar to those of poorly differentiated SCC.
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PMID:A clinicopathologic study on basaloid squamous cell carcinoma in the oral and maxillofacial region. 1863 53

Herein is presented a case of carcinosarcoma of the pancreas in an 82-year-old woman, analyzed on immunohistochemistry and K-ras sequence. The tumor, which arose in the pancreas head, was removed on pancreaticoduodenectomy. The patient died, however, of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome from postoperative sepsis 13 days later. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of malignant epithelial (well-differentiated adenocarcinoma cells) and mesenchymal (spindle-shaped tumor cells) components. The adenocarcinoma cells had positive immunostaining for cytokeratin AE1/AE3, cytokeratin 7, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), CEA and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), while focal staining of these proteins was observed in the sarcomatous cells. In contrast, the sarcomatous cells had diffuse immunostaining for vimentin, CD10 and p53, while these proteins were not expressed in the ductal adenocarcinoma cells. These findings support the dual characteristics of a carcinosarcoma. DNA sequencing of the present case indicated point mutations of K-ras in both codons 12 and 34 on exon 2. The latter mutation is likely to correlate with the sarcomatous characteristics of this tumor. The tumor cells had specific and diffuse positive staining for CD10 and p53, with features characteristic of rapid growth.
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PMID:Immunohistochemistry and K-ras sequence of pancreatic carcinosarcoma. 1880 Oct 90

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) of the urinary bladder is often mixed with conventional transitional cell carcinoma and/or other histotypes. The pathologist's determination of the morphologic purity of a given LELC at the biopsy stage is a clinically relevant endeavour, because there is some anecdotal evidence suggesting that pure or predominant LELC may be comparatively chemosensitive and have a favorable prognostic profile, which may potentially offer the possibility of effective therapy without bladder resection. The precise degree of cellular pleomorphism that is allowed in a pure LELC is unclear. We describe herein an otherwise conventional and pure LELC that showed, in a localized area that constituted approximately 25% of the overall tumor volume, a two to six fold variation in nuclear size, including multinucleated tumor cells. These pleomorphic areas were set in the same lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate as their conventional counterparts, and similarly displayed cellular syncytia. We performed a detailed immunophenotypic comparison between the conventional areas and the pleomorphic areas. No significant differences were found between the 2 areas in overall lymphoplasmacytic or histiocytic density, lymphocytic CD4/CD8 ratio, and lymphoplasmacytic kappa/lambda ratio. Similarly, both displayed similar qualitative and quantitative staining indices for p53, Ki67, cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and p16(INKa). Scattered cells were cytoplasmically beta-catenin positive exclusively in the pleomorphic areas; however these cells were not notably larger than the cells in the conventional areas. Both components were immunohistochemically negative for HMB-45, CD1a, the estrogen receptor, Epstein-Barr virus, CD117, D2-40, CD56, cytokeratin 20 and chromogranin. Clinicopathologic analysis of a series of cases is required to establish if there is any significance to nuclear pleomorphism in LELC. However, the phenotypic similarity between the 2 areas in this case, the intimate admixture of the pleomorphic cells with the lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, and their syncytial pattern of growth, all suggest that pure LELC may display marked nuclear pleomorphism, and that this finding may not, in of itself, be a valid basis for removing a case from the "pure" group.
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PMID:Pleomorphic lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the urinary bladder. 1907 56


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