Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P04637 (p53)
 77,613 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Carcinosarcoma and pulmonary blastomas are rare biphasic tumors. Lung cancer pathogenesis is a multistep process. Proliferative activity, p53 accumulation and angiogenesis are of well-known relevance and ought to be evaluated in the epithelial and mesenchymal components of these tumors. Using antibodies against Ki-67 epitope MIB1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PC 10) in 10 carcinosarcomas, tumors revealed a significantly higher proliferative activity in the epithelial component compared with the mesenchymal component in the MIB1 reaction (p = 0.013). In three pulmonary blastomas of the biphasic subtype, proliferative activity was similar in both parts. In five of 10 carcinosarcomas and in one of three pulmonary blastomas, accumulation of the p53 epitopes Pab 1801 and/or DO-1 was found. At the tumor front, a significantly higher vessel density was found compared with the central parts (p < or = 0.015) using a monoclonal antibody against human endothelium (CD 31). No differences were found between carcinosarcomas and pulmoblastomas. Higher proliferative activity in carcinosarcomas revealed a better prognosis regarding metastasis behavior (p = 0.05) and tumor-associated death in the follow-up (p < or = 0.017). p53 accumulation and microvessel density were of no prognostic value. This is in contrast to results in non-small cell lung cancer, pointing to a different biologic behavior.
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PMID:Proliferative activity, p53 accumulation and neoangiogenesis in pulmonary carcinosarcomas and pulmonary blastomas. 965 6

Carcinosarcoma of the esophagus is a rare malignant tumor with both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. We present 3 cases of carcinosarcoma of the esophagus and discuss the histogenesis of the tumors. We performed immunohistochemical studies using various antibodies: anti-cytokeratin, anti-vimentin, anti-smooth muscle actin, anti-p53, and MIB 1 reacting with Ki-67 nuclear antigen.
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PMID:Carcinosarcoma of the esophagus: three cases with immunohistological examination. 995 93

Carcinosarcoma is an aggressive neoplasm of the female genital tract, which comprises 1-2% of malignancies of the uterine corpus. Because of the broad range of differentiation exhibited by these tumors, the precise nature of the relationship between epithelial and stromal components in this unique tumor remain unclear. Previous studies have demonstrated that mutation and consequent overexpression of the tumor suppressor gene p53 occurs frequently in carcinosarcoma and is conserved from primary to metastastic sites. We examined p53 accumulation in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival sections in 19 cases previously shown to have mutations in the p53 gene and performed semi-quantitative analysis of the intensity of staining and relative density of positive cells and stromal and glandular elements. There was a high level of concordance of immunohistochemical staining for the p53 oncoprotein between glandular and stromal elements. These results further suggest a clonal origin for the diverse elements of carcinosarcoma.
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PMID:Co-expression of p53 by epithelial and stromal elements in carcinosarcoma of the female genital tract: an immunohistochemical study of 19 cases. 1124 Jul 54

In the gastrointestinal tract, carcinosarcomas are most frequently seen in the esophagus. Carcinosarcoma in the stomach is a rare tumor. We report a carcinosarcoma of the antrum of stomach. The tumor was polypoid and exophytic in appearance and located in the antrum. Immunohistochemical studies showed positivity for cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen and cytoplasmic carcinoembryonic antigen in the epithelial component. Positive staining with vimentin, desmin and focal smooth muscle actin and negative staining with chromogranin were observed in spindle cells. Nuclear positive staining was observed with p53 and Ki-67 in both glandular and spindle atypical cells.
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PMID:Carcinosarcoma of the stomach. 1257 16

Carcinosarcoma (spindle cell carcinoma) of the esophagus is a rare neoplasm that shows squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with a variable component of spindle cell sarcoma. Clinical and pathologic features of this neoplasm have been well documented, but the histogenesis has long been a matter of speculation and dispute. In an attempt to clarify the clonality and genetic relationships in the evolution of this neoplasm, we microdissected a total of 36 carcinomatous and sarcomatous foci from six esophageal carcinosarcoma (CS) and analyzed the allelic status with 25 microsatellite markers on chromosomal arms 3p, 5q, 6q, 8p, 9p, 11q, 13q, 17p, and 18q. In all cases, we found multiple and homogenous allelic losses in both the carcinomatous and sarcomatous components, strongly supporting the concept of monoclonal origin for this neoplasm. Homogeneous allelic losses were detected most frequently on 17p (5 cases), a chromosomal arm that included the p53 locus, followed by 3p, 11q, and 13q (3 cases); 9p (2 cases); and 8p and 18q (1 case). Moreover, five of the six cases showed additional or divergent allelic losses at more than one chromosomal locus at some of the microdissected foci, indicating genetic progression (2 cases) or genetic progression and divergence (3 cases). In four cases, the genetic changes indicated that an original clone of a pure SCC apparently acquired carcinosarcomatous or sarcomatous phenotype by successive genetic changes. On the other hand, we saw no evidence for tumors in which a sarcoma appeared to give rise to a carcinosarcomatous or carcinomatous subclone in the examined cases. In conclusion, our data support the concept that esophageal CS is derived from a single clone originating from a SCC. Furthermore, we showed genetic heterogeneity to accompany the phenotypic divergence, with patterns of genetic alterations that are consistent with both progression and divergence within individual tumors.
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PMID:Loss of heterozygosity analysis shows monoclonal evolution with frequent genetic progression and divergence in esophageal carcinosarcoma. 1501 88

Carcinosarcoma of the esophagus is a rare tumor with a distinct pathological entity having squamous cell carcinoma as the most described carcinomatous component. This paper reports the first case of carcinosarcoma of the esophagus that showed predominant basaloid squamous carcinoma component in addition to squamous cell carcinoma and poorly differentiated carcinoma and sarcoma component. A 64-year-old male patient consulted for dysphasia and chest pain was examined and found to have gastrointestinal fiber-endoscope and a polypoid growth in the lower third of the esophagus. Partial esophagectomy was performed and the excised tumor showed histological features of carcinosarcoma with heterogeneous carcinomatous components with dominance of basaloid squamous carcinoma and minority of squamous cell carcinoma, poorly differentiated carcinoma, and sarcomatous component, immunohistochemically proven to be rhabdomyosarcoma. Immunohistochemical study and TP53 mutation analysis was carried out to explain the histogenesis of this rare tumor. The distinct immunohistochemical profiles of the carcinomatous and sarcomatous components suggested the possibility of transition from a carcinomatous to a sarcomatous component. The similar TP53 mutation in the carcinomatous and sarcomatous component suggested each of these components had the same origin, that is, the tumor was monoclonal in origin.
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PMID:Esophageal carcinosarcoma with basaloid squamous carcinoma and rhabdomyosarcoma components with TP53 mutation. 1548 72

Carcinosarcoma of the pancreas is extremely rare and its histogenesis is still unclear. This is a report on a 64-year-old female patient with an intraductal carcinosarcoma arising from intraductal papillary-mucinous carcinoma (IPMC) in the pancreas tail. The carcinosarcoma grew as a polypoid mass within the main pancreatic duct. Histologically, the tumour consisted of adenocarcinoma covering the luminal surface of the lesion with minimal stromal invasion, and osteosarcoma occupying the stroma. Immunohistochemical and gene mutation analyses revealed that both the carcinomatous and sarcomatous tumour cells of the carcinosarcoma, as well as the IPMC cells, expressed TP53 and had identical mutations in KRAS and TP53 genes, indicating that these two neoplastic components of the carcinosarcoma shared a common tumorigenesis and arose from the IPMC. This is the first report of a carcinosarcoma originating in IPMC. These findings imply that carcinosarcoma with a heterologous mesenchymal component is of ductal origin.
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PMID:Intraductal carcinosarcoma with a heterologous mesenchymal component originating in intraductal papillary-mucinous carcinoma (IPMC) of the pancreas with both carcinoma and osteosarcoma cells arising from IPMC cells. 2020 29

Carcinosarcoma is a clonal tumor developed through sarcomatoid changes in a carcinoma via the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Here, we present an extremely rare case of pulmonary carcinosarcoma characterized by components suggesting pluripotency, namely neuroendocrine, myogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation, based on immunohistochemical analysis. A 42-year-old Japanese man was admitted to our hospital. Analysis of tumor tissue after right upper lobe lobectomy revealed a transition between carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. Immunohistochemical analysis suggested immortality owing to complete loss of p53 and diffuse expression of p16 in both the carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. There were also scattered cell groups expressing aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1, SOX2, CD133, and c-kit, suggesting the possible presence of cancer stem cells. Our findings in this case suggested that the EMT may play a key role in mediating the immortality of tumor cells in carcinosarcoma and facilitating the pluripotency of cancer stem cells.
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PMID:Pulmonary carcinosarcoma characterized by small round cells with neuroendocrine, myogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation: An extremely rare case. 3086 71

Carcinosarcoma of the pancreas is a very rare tumor with distinct malignant epithelial and mesenchymal components. The pathogenesis, however, remains to be further clarified. This is a report on a 44-year old Chinese woman with a solid tumor in the head of pancreas analyzed on immunohistochemistry, K-ras, and p53 sequence. On gross inspection, the tumor was grey-white and poorly circumscribed with a bone-like texture component. In the histology, it was also noteworthy that the heterogeneous features of the tumor were mixed in the same field, which consisted of adenocarcinoma, sarcoma, and osteosarcoma. Immunohistochemical results have confirmed that these are three histological components with different phenotypes. Gene mutation analyses confirmed the heterogeneity, in which the adenocarcinoma component and the sarcoma component did not burden the same K-ras mutation and p53 mutations as that of the osteosarcoma component. It is gratifying that the woman is still alive 48 months after surgery. Based on these findings, this case was the first case reported to date of pancreatic adenocarcinoma combing with sarcoma and osteosarcoma in the same tumor. Furthermore, this case was a unique pancreatic tumor composed of carcinosarcoma and extraskeletal osteosarcomas. The morphological, immunohistochemical, and genetic findings suggested that the pancreatic tumor was of a multiple clonal origins.
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PMID:Carcinosarcoma colliding osteosarcoma of the pancreas: a rare case report of multiple clonal originated pancreatic tumors. 3193 79