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Query: UNIPROT:P04637 (p53)
 77,613 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A series of 34 Wilms' tumours have been analysed for abnormal expression of the tumour suppressor gene p53 using frozen section immunohistochemistry. All tumours showed immunoreactivity with at least one of the specific antibodies used (monoclonal antibody PAb240, polyclonal antibodies CM1 and JG8). Abnormalities of p53 expression are very frequent in this type of childhood tumour.
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PMID:Aberrant expression of the tumour suppressor gene p53 is very frequent in Wilms' tumours. 133 42

p53 is a nuclear phosphoprotein which controls normal cell growth. Normal p53 protein is undetectable by standard immunohistochemical staining and the over-expression found in neoplastic cells correlates with the presence of point mutations of evolutionary conserved regions of the p53 gene. We examined the expression of p53 protein in a series of 36 colorectal adenomas (13 tubular, 17 tubulovillous, 6 villous) showing different degrees of dysplasia (11 mild, 19 moderate, 6 severe), 11 moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas (6 Duke's A, 4 Duke's B, 1 Duke's C) and 5 metaplastic polyps using the polyclonal antibody CM1 which recognises p53 protein in conventionally fixed and processed histological material. We found that 15 out of 36 colorectal adenomas showed p53 immunoreactivity, although in 4 positive cases (26%) the staining was very focal (less than 0.1% positive cells). More than 80% of severely dysplastic adenomas showed strong p53 immunoreactivity and this over-expression was correlated with increased cell proliferative rate as detected by the proliferating-cell-nuclear-antigen (PCNA) staining. p53 nuclear staining was also seen in 8 out of 11 (65%) colorectal adenocarcinomas as previously shown. Our data suggest that the p53 gene mutation, with the subsequent over-expression of the protein, occurs in colorectal adenomas and may therefore be a fundamental genetic event underlying the dysplasia and loss of proliferative control that are characteristic of adenomas with malignant potential.
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PMID:Over-expression of p53 nuclear oncoprotein in colorectal adenomas. 134 13

Mutation of p53, a tumour-suppressor protein, leads to overexpression of the protein and loss of its tumour-suppressive properties. In some tumours (eg, breast) p53 expression is related to well-known prognostic factors, but findings in colorectal tumours are equivocal. We have used the polyclonal antibody CM1 to investigate nuclear and cytoplasmic p53 expression in colorectal tumours and to assess their relations with prognosis. Of 293 colorectal adenocarcinomas, 71 (24%) showed p53 expression in the nucleus alone, 30 (10%) showed p53 in the cytoplasm alone, and 43 (15%) showed both nuclear and cytoplasmic expression. Nuclear p53 expression showed no relation with survival or Dukes' stage of the tumour. However, the frequency of cytoplasmic expression increased with advancing Dukes' stage (chi 2 for trend 11.18, 1 df, p = 0.0008) and cytoplasmic expression was associated with poor survival (rate ratio 2.3 [95% CI 1.6-3.3], p < 0.0001). Among tumours of Dukes' stage A-C, cytoplasmic expression showed prognostic value independent of nuclear staining, grade of differentiation, and Dukes' stage (2.3 [1.4-3.7], p = 0.0021). We conclude that cytoplasmic expression of p53 may be a useful biological indicator of prognosis in colorectal adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Prognostic significance of cytoplasmic p53 oncoprotein in colorectal adenocarcinoma. 136 88

Recent studies have shown the accumulation of high levels of p53 protein to be associated with malignant disease, within a range of tissues. This paper assesses p53 expression in oral mucosal disease. Biopsies were obtained from a range of oral disorders which included normal, benign, premalignant, and malignant oral tissue. In addition, oral smears were obtained from a limited number of patients with biopsy-proven oral cancer. Expression of the p53 protein was assessed using the polyclonal antibody CM1, together with a standard immunoperoxidase technique. A total of 37 oral cancers were assessed, of which 20 were found to express the p53 protein (54 per cent of cases). The p53 protein was not identified in normal, benign, or premalignant oral mucosa (54 cases). The identification of p53 within biopsies of oral mucosal lesions would appear to correlate with oral malignancy.
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PMID:Assessment of p53 protein expression in normal, benign, and malignant oral mucosa. 138 31

p53 expression was examined in 55 gastric and 107 colorectal carcinomas with an immunoperoxidase technique, using the polyclonal antibody CM1 on routinely fixed, paraffin embedded tissue. p53 protein was detected in 47% gastric and in 46% colorectal carcinomas and found to correlate with stage of disease and unfavourable clinical outcome (P less than 0.001). Thus, the proportion of positively reacting neoplasms increased as the stage progressed, tumours which had invaded regional lymph-nodes overexpressed p53 more frequently than localised carcinomas and an elevated level of p53 was associated with early relapse and death. In colorectal carcinoma p53 positivity was also linked with site and macroscopic configuration of the primary tumour and was most frequently expressed in carcinomas from the rectum and in ulcerative tumours. p53 overexpression was irrespective of tumour grade. Uniform negative reactivity with anti-p53 antibody was seen in normal epithelium adjacent to carcinoma, intestinal metaplasia, atrophic gastritis and in colonic adenomas. There was a good correlation between immunohistochemical staining on paraffin and frozen sections. These studies suggest that in gastric and colorectal carcinoma, immunohistochemical detection of p53 protein in routinely fixed tissue can be used along with other established parameters to assess prognostic outcome, especially to identify patients with poor short-term prognosis.
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PMID:Prognostic significance of p53 overexpression in gastric and colorectal carcinoma. 152 May 94

The tumor-suppressor protein p53 is over-expressed in a large fraction of squamous-cell carcinomas of the larynx (LSCCs). p53 overexpression is dependent upon the synthesis of mutated versions of the protein and has been associated with the malignant progression of certain tumor types. In order to examine the prognostic value of p53 immunodetection in LSCCs, we performed a retrospective analysis on a selected series of tumors, using the PAb 1801 and CM1 antibodies. No significant difference in the frequency of p53 over-expression was observed between tumors from patients with early relapse (67%) and those who had been disease-free for more than 5 years (84%). The lack of correlation of p53 immunoreactivity with clinical stage and differentiation grade of LSCCs, together with the coordinated expression of p53 in primary tumors and the corresponding lymph-node metastases, indicate that p53 over-expression is probably unrelated to the biological aggressiveness of these tumors. In addition, the detection of p53 immunostaining in pre-invasive areas as well as in preneoplastic lesions suggests that p53 abnormalities probably constitute a very early event in LSCC development.
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PMID:p53 over-expression is an early event in the development of human squamous-cell carcinoma of the larynx: genetic and prognostic implications. 152 6

The tumour suppressor gene p53 has been found to be mutated or inactivated at high frequency in several common human tumours. We have examined a series of exocrine pancreatic carcinomas for over-expression of mutant forms of p53 by immunohistochemistry with a panel of specific antibodies. We found immunodetectable p53 in 13 of 22 (60%) frozen pancreatic cancers and seven of 13 pancreatic cell lines. One of the antibodies, CM1, recognises p53 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival material and using this reagent we found immunodetectable p53 in 28 of 124 (23%) pancreatic cancers. We have successfully demonstrated the presence of point mutations by direct sequencing of genomic DNA extracted from archival tissue showing CM1 immunoreactivity. We conclude that p53 activation is an important event in human pancreatic tumorigenesis and that the CM1 antibody can detect a proportion of cases of overexpression of mutant p53 in archival pathological material.
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PMID:Abnormalities of the p53 tumour suppressor gene in human pancreatic cancer. 176 70

Routinely formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded material of 22 squamous cell carcinomas of the floor of the mouth (T2NoMo, Ro), together with adjacent dysplastic or normal mucosa, were immunohistochemically investigated using a panel of four anti-p53 antibodies (CM1, PAb1801, DO7, PAb240) subsequent to wet autoclave pretreatment for antigen retrieval. p53 immunoreactivity was detected in 9/22 (40%) carcinomas with PAb1801 and DO7 antibodies, and in 8/22 cases using CM1 and PAb 240. p53-positive tumour cells accumulated predominantly at the invasive front of the carcinomas. A focal or scattered p53 immunoreactivity was observed in the adjacent normal and/or dysplastic mucosa in 17/22 (77%) cases using both CM1 and PAb1801 antibodies, in 10/22 with DO7, and in 8/22 with PAb240. This study has demonstrated examples of different p53 immunophenotypes in the non-tumorous and neoplastic oral mucosa of the same patient without significant correlation to the clinicopathological parameters studied.
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PMID:Expression of p53 protein in oral squamous cell carcinomas and adjacent non-tumorous mucosa of the floor of the mouth: an archival immunohistochemical study using wet autoclave pretreatment for antigen retrieval. 750 Feb 88

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most frequent cutaneous neoplasm, with a generally favorable clinical behavior. Sometimes, indeed, it recurs after therapy and/or metastasizes. As point mutations in the coding sequence of the p53 tumor suppressor gene have been implicated in the progression of many human tumors, we studied the expression of p53 protein on this neoplasia. We tested immunohistochemically the positivity for p53 protein (NCL-p53-CM1, YLEM) on 19 cases of morphologically "non aggressive" BCC (BCC1) and on 19 "aggressive" BCC (BCC2), all with one or more relapses and 3 with distant metastases also. Results were related to clinico-pathological and follow-up data. All but one BCC2 were found positive for p53 protein. Conversely, only 2 cases of BCC1 exhibited low immunoreactivity for p53 protein, with high statistical differences between the two groups. No correlation was found between the immunoreactivity, age of patients, and site of the lesions. The availability of immunohistochemistry and the relatively easy interpretation of the results make screening for p53 protein a possibly useful tool in the prognostic evaluation of BCC.
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PMID:p53 protein in aggressive and non-aggressive basal cell carcinoma. 750 46

We analyzed the proliferative activities, immunoreactivity of the p53 protein, and aneuploidy in patients with benign and malignant fibrous lesions, including 19 with nodular fasciitis (cellular type) (6-88 years old, mean 42.9), 11 with abdominal fibromatoses (22-74 years old, mean 37.9), 13 with extraabdominal fibromatoses (2-38 years old, mean 19.5), and 23 with fibrosarcomas (adult type: 16-71 years old, mean 47.3; infantile type: 3 months to 9 years, mean 2.9) using immunohistochemistry to determine proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PC10) and p53 protein (CM1) as well as performing DNA flow cytometry. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) score was measured as the ratio of PCNA-positive nuclear size/total nuclear size determined by an image analysis computer system. The distribution pattern of the PCNA-positive cells was uneven in each instance of nodular fasciitis, in contrast to the distribution in abdominal fibromatosis, extraabdominal fibromatosis, and fibrosarcoma. Both fibrosarcoma (28.4 +/- 20.0) and nodular fasciitis (33.6 +/- 20.9) exhibited a larger value and a greater variation in the PCNA score than did either abdominal (13.5 +/- 14.5) or extraabdominal fibromatosis (19.9 +/- 21.5). Abdominal fibromatosis exhibited a smaller value and less variation in the score. In short, the PCNA score did not correlate with the malignant potential. The proliferative index (S + G2 + M fraction) in fibrosarcoma was significantly higher than in either nodular fasciitis or abdominal fibromatosis. Aneuploidy was detected in five cases (26%) of fibrosarcoma, while six (26%) fibrosarcomas showed p53 positivity. Furthermore, p53-positive patients had a worse survival (0.01 < p < 0.05), and p53 positivity correlated with the proliferative index (p < 0.01). In conclusion, the PCNA score simply indicates the proliferative activity independent of malignant potential. On the other hand, p53 positivity, proliferative index, and aneuploidy are all indicators of malignant potential in fibroblastic lesions, and p53 positivity may reflect a poor prognosis.
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PMID:Fibrosarcoma versus fibromatoses and cellular nodular fasciitis. A comparative study of their proliferative activity using proliferating cell nuclear antigen, DNA flow cytometry, and p53. 751 4


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