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Query: UNIPROT:P04637 (p53)
 77,613 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Currently, comprehensive genetic testing of myeloid malignancies requires multiple testing strategies with high costs. Somatic mutations can be detected by next generation sequencing (NGS) but copy number variants (CNVs) require cytogenetic methods including karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybidization and microarray. Here, we evaluated a new method for CNV detection using read depth data derived from a targeted NGS mutation panel. In a cohort of 270 samples, we detected pathogenic mutations in 208 samples and targeted CNVs in 68 cases. The most frequent CNVs were 7q deletion including LUC7L2 and EZH2, TP53 deletion, ETV6 deletion, gain of RAD21 on 8q, and 5q deletion, including NSD1 and NPM1. We were also able to detect exon-level duplications, including so-called KMT2A (MLL) partial tandem duplication, in 9 cases. In the 63 cases that were negative for mutations, targeted CNVs were observed in 4 cases. Targeted CNV detection by NGS had very high concordance with single nucleotide polymorphism microarray, the current gold standard. We found that ETV6 deletion was strongly associated with TP53 alterations and 7q deletion was associated with mutations in TP53, KRAS and IDH1. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the feasibility of using the same NGS data to simultaneously detect both somatic mutations and targeted CNVs.
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PMID:Concurrent detection of targeted copy number variants and mutations using a myeloid malignancy next generation sequencing panel allows comprehensive genetic analysis using a single testing strategy. 2672 69

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of myeloid malignancies characterized by peripheral blood cytopenia and dishematopoiesis and frequently progress to acute myeloid leukemia. Genetic defects play a major role in pathogenesis of MDS, including cytogenetic abnormalities, gene mutations, and abnormal gene expression. Chromosomal abnormalities have been detected in approximately 50-60% of MDS patients, including the deletions of chromosome 5q and 7q, trisomy 8, and complex karyotypes. Newer genomic technologies, such as single-nucleotide polymorphism array and next-generation sequencing, revealed the heterozygous deletions resulting in haploinsufficient gene expression (e.g., CSNK1A1, DDX41 on chromosome 5, CUX1, LUC7L2, EZH2 on chromosome 7) involved in the pathogenesis of MDS. In addition, recurrent somatic mutations in more than 50 genes have been identified in 80-90% of MDS. The most recurrent genetic mutations are involved in the RNA splicing (e.g., SF3B1, SRSF2, U2AF1, ZRSR2, LUC7L2, DDX41) and epigenetic modifications, such as histone modification (e.g., ASXL1, EZH2) and DNA methylation (e.g., TET2, DNMT3A, IDH1/IDH2). TP53 mutation is associated with aggressive disease and frequently coincides with deletion of chromosome 5q. This review summarizes the recent progress in molecular pathogenesis of MDS. A better understanding of the specific subgroups of MDS patients will also aid in the development of new therapeutic approach for MDS.
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PMID:Genetic abnormalities and pathophysiology of MDS. 3109 8

In myeloid neoplasms, deletions of the long arm of chromosome 5 del(5q) and 7 (-7/del(7q) ) are common karyotypic abnormalities. The concurrence of del(5q) and -7/del(7q) accounts for poor prognosis in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Comprehensive analysis of copy number abnormalities and genetic mutations related to del(5q) and -7/del(7q) revealed previously cryptic pathophysiology, leading to frequent hemizygous/homozygous mutations and haploinsufficiency. In addition, detailed somatic mutations on chr5q were detected using whole-exome sequencing. CSNK1A1 and G3BP1 are located within the common deleted regions (CDRs) (5q31.1-5q33.1), and another driver gene DDX41 is present in the more telomeric region (5q35.3). All the genes mentioned above exhibited haploinsufficiency because of deletions, and low expression of G3BP1 and DDX41 correlated with poor survival. The related mutational events outside of chr5q, TP53 mutation is most frequently observed in del(5q) cases. Regarding -7/del(7q), 3 CDRs were located in 7q22, 7q34, and 7q35-36. Somatic mutations of the corresponding genes to each CDR (CUX1: 7q22, LUC7L2: 7q34, EZH2: 7q35-36) were identified, indicating that the loss of function or haploinsufficiency might result in the downstream pathological consequences. These recent findings have remarkably offered insights into genetic and clinical consequences in MDS/AML cases with del(5q) and -7/del(7q).
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PMID:[Genetic defects of chromosome 5q and 7q in myeloid neoplasms]. 3139 70