Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P04626 (erbB-2)
 5,251 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The expression of oncogene products and growth factors (epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor-beta, erbB-2, ras p 21, and c-myc) in gallbladder cancer and chronic cholecystitis was measured by immunohistochemical staining on paraffin-embedded serial sections. Expression of these products was graded according to staining intensity in an area of positively stained cells. This study reports the detection of oncogene products and growth factors in cholecystitis as well as in early and late gallbladder cancer. The multiexpression of oncogene products and growth factors was greater for both gallbladder cancer groups as compared with the cholecystitis group. The percentage of epidermal growth factor positivity diminished with increased proportion of interstitial tissue and, conversely, the percentage of transforming growth factor positivity increased with increased proportion of interstitial tissue. The proportion of ras positivity was significantly greater in both early and advanced cholecystic cancer as compared with cholecystitis, but also was considerable even for cholecystitis. These results suggest that various oncogenes may have significant roles in gallbladder cancer and that collagen synthesis is reduced by epidermal growth factor and enhanced by transforming growth factor-beta.
 ...
PMID:Expression of oncogene products and growth factors in early gallbladder cancer, advanced gallbladder cancer, and chronic cholecystitis. 808 75

MCF-10A is a spontaneously immortalized, non-transformed human mammary epithelial cell line. We have recently obtained MCF-10A clones (MCF-10A HE cells) that are transformed following over-expression of both a human point-mutated c-Ha-ras and the c-erbB-2 proto-oncogenes. Two isoforms of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (cAK) have been described in mammalian cells. Enhanced levels of type-I cAK (cAKI) are generally found in tumor cells. To determine whether inhibition of cAKI expression may interfere with ras and erbB-2 oncogene-induced transformation of human mammary epithelial cells, we have tested the effects of 2 agents that specifically down-regulate cAKI, such as 8-chloro-cAMP and an anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotide targeted against the RI alpha regulatory subunit of cAKI on MCF-10A HE cells. Treatment of MCF-10A HE cells with 8-chloro-cAMP induces a dose-dependent growth inhibition under both monolayer and soft-agar growth conditions, that is correlated with an accumulation of MCF-10A HE cells in G0/G1 phases of the cell cycle and a reduction of the number of cells in S phase. In contrast, 8-chloro-cAMP has no effect on MCF-10A cell growth. Furthermore, 8-chloro-cAMP treatment of MCF-10A HE cells induces a 4- to 6-fold reduction in p185erbB-2 expression and brings p21ras expression to levels comparable to those found in MCF-10A cells. Treatment of MCF-10A HE cells with an RI alpha anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotide determines a comparable inhibition of both anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent cell growth. Our results suggest that cAKI may act as a mediator of ras and erbB-2 oncogene action in human breast cells and that interference with cAKI action provides a potential tool for inhibiting the growth-promoting effects of these oncogenes.
 ...
PMID:Down-regulation of RI alpha subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase induces growth inhibition of human mammary epithelial cells transformed by c-Ha-ras and c-erbB-2 proto-oncogenes. 809 73

Expression of the ras and the c-erbB-2 oncogene products was investigated in 56 cases of human bladder transitional cell carcinoma and 6 samples of human normal bladder tissue using an immunohistochemical method. Thirty of the 56 cases of bladder tumor were found to be immunohistologically positive with the monoclonal anti-ras p21 antibody, while 19 of 56 cases were positive with the polyclonal anti-c-erbB-2 oncoprotein antibody. All 6 controls were negative with both antibodies. The ras p21 positive staining was found more frequently in the well or moderately differentiated, superficial and non-recurrent tumors than in the poorly differentiated (p < 0.01), muscle invasive (p < 0.05) and recurrent tumors (p < 0.01), while the c-erbB-2 gene product was more commonly detected in high-grade (p < 0.01), invasive (p < 0.01) and recurrent tumors (p < 0.05). Thus, the expression of either ras or c-erbB-2 was closely associated with the histological grade, clinical stage and recurrence of bladder transitional cell carcinomas.
 ...
PMID:Correlation between the expression of oncogenes ras and c-erbB-2 and the biological behavior of bladder tumors. 809 2

Almost all atypical epithelial lesions of the stomach consist of atypical cells in the superficial part of the glands and nonatypical cells in the deeper portion of the glands. A transition zone was formed between the superficial atypical gland cells and the deeper nonatypical gland cells. Positive cells were widely demonstrated with immunohistochemical stains for PCNA in the superficial atypical glands and transition zone. The rate of PCNA positivity was 37.7%. However, a small number of positive cells for EGFR (8.5%), c-erbB-2(11.3%), p53(11.3%) and c-K-ras(1.7%) were found in ATP. The incidence of positivity for these factors was low compared with that for carcinomas. The percentages of positive cells for EGFR(1.5%) and c-erbB-2(4.5%) were very low in intestinal metaplasia.
 ...
PMID:[Immunohistochemical study for growth factor and oncogene on atypical epithelium of the stomach]. 810 26

A total of 44 cases of pancreatic lesions, including hyperplasia (six) cases, adenoma (mucinous cystadenomas [eight] and intraductal papillary adenoma [eight]), noninvasive intraductal papillary tumors (five), and invasive ductal carcinomas (17) were investigated possibly to establish a diagnostic marker. We examined the type of mucin secreted and immunoreactivities of antibodies to ras-p21 and c-erB-2 oncogene products. A significant decrease in the amount of mucin was found in invasive lesions, and this was associated with a shift toward production of neutral mucins and especially sialomucins. Hyperplasia and adenoma, in contrast, demonstrated a predominance of neutral mucin. The sulfated mucins found in normal epithelium were only very weakly stained in any of the tumor types. Thirty-three percent of non-invasive intraductal papillary tumors and 88% of invasive ductal adenocarcinomas demonstrated strong binding of the ras-p21 antibody. In contrast no obvious differences in expression of c-erbB-2 were evident between the groups. In conclusion, a combined mucin histochemical/immunohistochemical approach may facilitate accurate diagnosis.
 ...
PMID:A mucous histochemical and immunohistochemical study of precancerous and neoplastic lesions in the human pancreas. 810 2

Overexpression of the proto-oncogenes c-erbB-2, c-myc, and c-ras have been associated with neoplastic transformation in a variety of tumours. We investigated expression of these oncogenes in 5 canine melanoma cell lines and 6 clonal derivatives of 1 of the cell lines, CML-6M, to determine what impact overexpression had on tumour cell growth and metastatic potential. All 11 cell lines were tumourigenic at subcutaneous inoculation sites in nude mice, but spontaneous metastasis to lung was a characteristic of only the CML-6M cell line and 3 of 6 clonal derivatives of CML-6M. Investigation of oncogene overexpression revealed no obvious pattern of expression among the 5 tumour-derived cell lines whereas overexpression of c-erbB-2 and c-myc was consistently found in the 3 clonal cell lines characterized by high metastatic potential, and in primary and metastatic mouse xenografts induced by these lines. This data suggests involvement of overexpression of these genes in development of canine melanoma and associates their overexpression with metastatic potential in nude mice.
 ...
PMID:Overexpression of c-erbB-2 and c-myc but not c-ras, in canine melanoma cell lines, is associated with metastatic potential in nude mice. 823 7

To understand the mechanisms regulating the transactivating activity of Jun/AP-1, we analyzed alterations in c-Jun induced by growth stimulation and cell transformation. Serum stimulation of quiescent NIH3T3 cells induced a marked increase in phosphorylation of c-Jun in its amino-terminal activation domain. On the other hand, this domain was highly phosphorylated, in a serum-independent manner, in cells transformed with various oncogenes, including active c-raf-1, v-src, active Ha-ras, and active erbB-2. There were no obvious differences in the phosphorylation states of c-Jun in exponentially growing normal and transformed cells. However, in the exponentially growing state, the TRECAT activity in transformed cells was markedly higher than that in normal cells. Gel retardation analysis indicated that the AP-1 components in transformed cells were significantly different from those in normal cells. These results suggest that some other alterations besides phosphorylation of c-Jun are involved in enhancement of AP-1 activity in exponentially growing transformed cells.
 ...
PMID:Serum-independent phosphorylation of c-Jun and alterations in AP-1 components by transformation with various oncogenes. 830 27

Recent progress in the field of oncogenes has produced valuable information concerning the molecular and cellular biology of the cancer cell and provided a tool to investigate the process of carcinogenesis. Some oncogenes such as the ras, myc, erbB-2 and abl have been extensively investigated in the progression of carcinogenesis in several types of human tumors. The p53 tumor suppressor gene has recently been shown to play the role of "molecular policeman," and is obviously important in the development of many tumors, as mutations in this gene are the most common genetic abnormalities found in all neoplasias. In certain cases the incidence of aberrant gene expression and genetic alterations of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes have been shown to be important in the progression of these cancers and may be of use as prognostic indicators and form the basis for a successful therapy.
 ...
PMID:Prognostic significance of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in human malignancy. 831 5

Accumulating evidence indicates that the activation of cellular oncogenes is a cause of some human cancers. ErbB-1, erbB-2 and abl oncogenes encoding tyrosine kinases, ras oncogenes encoding GTP binding proteins and myc oncogenes whose functions are not well understood are some examples. Therefore, agents which inhibit the activity of these oncogene products may provide new means to overcome certain human tumors. Herbimycin A and tyrphostins have been found and developed as inhibitors of tyrosine kinases and the effectiveness of these agents against tumors of Ph1-positive leukemia (CML, ALL) or squamous cell carcinomas has been reported. Although specific inhibitors of ras or myc oncogene products have not yet been described, recent studies on the processing of Ras proteins toward the cell membrane provide a strategy to search for inhibitors of ras functions.
 ...
PMID:[Anticancer agents targeting oncogene products]. 837 83

Non-small cell lung carcinoma specimens of 173 previously untreated patients were analyzed for the expression of proteins encoded by the oncogenes c-myc, c-fos, c-jun, c-erbB-1, c-erbB-2, c-H-ras, c-K-ras and c-N-ras. Forty-six per cent of the tumors were positive for the c-MYC protein, 60% for c-FOS, 50% for c-JUN, 80% for c-ERBB-1, 55% for c-ERBB-2, 12% for c-H-RAS, 5% for c-K-RAS and 71% for c-N-RAS. Proteins encoded by c-fos and c-jun are overexpressed more frequently in carcinomas of smokers (c-fos: P < 0.005; c-jun: P < 0.01). When we grouped the patients according to their tumor histology the results became more evident. Squamous cell lung carcinomas of smokers showed a higher incidence of c-FOS (P = 0.01), c-JUN (P < 0.01) and c-ERBB-1 (P = 0.01) proteins than squamous cell lung carcinomas of non-smokers. The expression rate and the intensity of staining proved not to be influenced either by the number of cigarettes smoked daily or by cessation of smoking. In adenocarcinomas, however, we only found a trend for a more frequent overexpression of c-fos (P = 0.07) and c-jun (P = 0.14) encoded proteins in carcinomas of smokers and no correlation between the expression of c-erbB-1 products and smoking. No correlation was found between the expression of c-MYC, c-ERBB-2, c-H-RAS, c-K-RAS and c-N-RAS proteins and the smoking habits of the patients, neither in squamous cell carcinomas nor in adenocarcinomas of the lung.
 ...
PMID:Overexpression of oncoproteins in non-small cell lung carcinomas of smokers. 838 72


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>