Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P04626 (erbB-2)
 5,251 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The relative expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) mRNA transcripts was measured in 71 primary breast-cancer biopsies. ER and PR binding activity were estimated in parallel by the dextran-coated-charcoal method. There was a close correlation between the amount of ER mRNA and estradiol binding activity. Tumors from post-menopausal patients contained higher levels of ER mRNA than those from pre-menopausal patients. Northern-blot analysis indicated the presence of a major band of 6.3 kb in all ER mRNA-positive tumors. Some tumors showed, in addition, 3.7- and 2.4-kb transcripts. PR binding activity and overall PR mRNA levels correlated moderately. PR mRNA and ER mRNA were associated. Four PR mRNA species with estimated sizes of 11.4, 4.5, 3.7 and 2.5 kb were detected in 14% of the PR mRNA-positive tumors. The 3.7-kb transcript was detected to varying degrees in all PR mRNA-positive biopsies, accompanied in some tumors by the 2.5-kb species. ER and PR mRNA levels > or = 50 pg/5 micrograms total RNA correlated with prolonged survival of the patients. In addition, high ER mRNA levels were associated with absence or minimal necrosis and vascular invasion together with absence or minimal level of tumor lymphocytic infiltration, but not with age, clinical stage, tumor size or overexpression of c-myc or c-erbB-2 mRNA. PR mRNA was not statistically associated with any of the above clinicopathological features. A bivariate analysis showed that both ER and PR mRNA levels were able to predict overall survival independently of the lymph-node status.
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PMID:Estrogen and progesterone receptor mRNA levels in primary breast cancer: association with patient survival and other clinical and tumor features. 792 40

As the prognostic significance of the three most frequently amplified oncogenes in breast cancer (c-myc, int-2/FGF3, and c-erbB-2/neu) is still unclear, and as the amplification of these genes appears to be mutually exclusive, we investigated the prognostic significance of oncogene amplification per se by multivariate analysis in a group of 112 primary human breast cancer cases. Amplification of at least one gene (c-myc, int-2/FGF3, or c-erbB-2/neu), progesterone receptor status, and pathological tumor size were the only independent variables predictive of metastasis-free survival. Moreover, we constructed prognostic profiles by computing risks associated with the three parameters predictive of poor survival and discriminated high-, moderate-, and low-risk categories.
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PMID:Oncogene amplification per se: an independent prognostic factor in human breast cancer. 799 60

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression correlates with both loss of estrogen receptor (ER) and poor prognosis in breast cancer. Interestingly, in normal breast EGFR appears to be expressed more frequently than in malignant tissue, and there may be a different relationship between ER and EGFR. A variety of cellular regulators, such as EGF, TGF alpha, phorbol esters, and steroid hormones, are capable of altering the level of EGFR expression in breast cells. However, much work remains to be done on the mechanistic details of EGFR regulation in this disease. The significance of EGFR as an oncogene in breast cancer is compounded by its potential interactions with other oncogenes such as c-erbB-2 and c-myc. Additionally, several recent studies have placed EGFR prominently in the signal transduction pathway, demonstrating that the EGFR-ligand system may play important roles throughout the course of malignant progression in breast cancer.
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PMID:EGF receptor expression, regulation, and function in breast cancer. 801 62

Squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck from 50 untreated patients were analyzed for rearranged or amplified proto-oncogenes by Southern blot hybridization. The bcl-1 and hst genes were coamplified 8- to 32-fold in 5 of 46 patients (11%) and the c-erb A1 and c-erb B2 genes 32-fold in 1 of 46 patients (2%). Eight to 16-fold amplification of c-myc was observed in 4 of 46 tumor samples (8%), while 4-fold amplification of Ha-ras was found in 2 of 46 tumor samples (4%). There was one patient with a 64-fold c-erb B2 amplification without accompanying c-erb A1 amplification. RNA-expression analysis using Northern blot and poly-A-+RNA techniques did not reveal any changes in the RNA expression of c-erb A1 while c-erb B2, hst and bcl-1 were not expressed at all. No Ki-ras or N-myc amplification was observed, nor was any rearrangement of the above-mentioned oncogenes found. Clinical correlation existed between tumor stage and oncogene amplification: patients with stage I and II disease (IUCC,AJCC) showed no amplification at all, whereas 14 patients with stage III and IV disease showed amplified oncogenes (P = 0.015,chi 2-test). In contrast, there was no correlation between oncogene amplification and disease development (observed over a minimum period of 3 years), nor could amplification be correlated with other clinical parameters (sex, tumor site, -histology) for any of the oncogenes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Detection of 8 oncogenes in squamous epithelial cancers of the head and neck]. 805 Sep 16

A case of extramammary Paget's disease of the axilla in an 84-year-old patient is presented. No underlying carcinoma was found and the lesion was treated successfully by wide local excision. Immunohistochemical staining showed nuclear immunoreactivity for c-myc and cytoplasmic staining for CEA, EMA, CAM 5.2, EGRF, c-erbB-2 and pan-cytokeratin in all the Paget cells. No immunoreactivity of the lesion was observed for S-100 protein, pan-ras, H-ras, K-ras, and p53 oncoproteins. Further research is needed to establish whether oncoprotein overexpression plays a role in the pathogenesis of extramammary Paget's disease and can be used as a diagnostic or prognostic marker.
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PMID:Extramammary Paget's disease of the axilla. 807 May 99

The expression of oncogene products and growth factors (epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor-beta, erbB-2, ras p 21, and c-myc) in gallbladder cancer and chronic cholecystitis was measured by immunohistochemical staining on paraffin-embedded serial sections. Expression of these products was graded according to staining intensity in an area of positively stained cells. This study reports the detection of oncogene products and growth factors in cholecystitis as well as in early and late gallbladder cancer. The multiexpression of oncogene products and growth factors was greater for both gallbladder cancer groups as compared with the cholecystitis group. The percentage of epidermal growth factor positivity diminished with increased proportion of interstitial tissue and, conversely, the percentage of transforming growth factor positivity increased with increased proportion of interstitial tissue. The proportion of ras positivity was significantly greater in both early and advanced cholecystic cancer as compared with cholecystitis, but also was considerable even for cholecystitis. These results suggest that various oncogenes may have significant roles in gallbladder cancer and that collagen synthesis is reduced by epidermal growth factor and enhanced by transforming growth factor-beta.
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PMID:Expression of oncogene products and growth factors in early gallbladder cancer, advanced gallbladder cancer, and chronic cholecystitis. 808 75

Proliferative capacity provides an independent prognostic marker of progression in breast cancer. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms influencing the cell division rate in mammary carcinomas. In order to address this issue, the copy numbers of c-erbB-2 (HER/neu) and c-myc protooncogenes that have been shown to be amplified in aggressive types of cancers were determined in 60 mammary carcinomas and related to the proliferation rate. The proliferative activity was determined by labeling of the proliferation-associated nuclear antigen which is defined by the recently described monoclonal antibody Ki-S1. Approximately one-third of samples under investigation displayed a Ki-S1 labeling index exceeding 30%. In this subgroup, amplification of c-myc was found in 52.6%, whereas in the remaining cases, 26.1% exhibited an enhanced copy number of c-myc (P < 0.025). By contrast, c-erbB-2 amplification was not found to be associated with a higher proliferation index. Except for one case of invasive lobular carcinoma, both protooncogenes exhibited regular copy numbers in the low proliferation subgroup (< 20%; P < 0.03). We conclude from our findings that c-myc amplification may be one of the molecular causes underlying the highly proliferating phenotype of mammary carcinoma, known to be associated with an unfavorable clinical course.
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PMID:Amplification of c-myc but not of c-erbB-2 is associated with high proliferative capacity in breast cancer. 809 98

DNA content analysis using flow cytometry and amplification of c-myc, L-myc, and c-erbB-2 oncogenes in 143 cases of resected lung cancer were analyzed using the same specimen, and we examined the correlation with prognosis of DNA content and amplification of oncogenes. There were 54 DNA diploid cases (38%), 81 DNA aneuploid cases (57%) and 8 DNA multiploid cases. Analysis of oncogene amplification revealed 22 cases of c-myc, 4 cases of L-myc, and 22 cases of c-erbB-2. In curatively resected cases, the 5-year survival rate was 65% in 31 DNA diploid cases, and 36% in 40 DNA aneuploid cases. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.02). However, in non-curatively resected cases, the 5-year survival rate was 11% in 23 DNA diploid cases, and 33% in 49 DNA aneuploid cases. There were no statistically significant differences among these groups. The correlation between DNA content and amplification of oncogenes was as follows. In DNA diploid cases, there were 4 cases of c-myc, and 6 cases of c-erbB-2. In DNA aneuploid cases, there were 15 cases of c-myc, 4 cases of L-myc, and 15 cases of c-erbB-2. In DNA multiploid cases, there were 3 cases of c-myc, and 1 cases of c-erbB-2. Amplification of oncogenes was seen more frequently in DNA aneuploid and multiploid cases than in DNA diploid cases. In 71 curative resected cases, the 5-year survival rate for amplified cases of c-myc (10 cases) was 0%, and that of cases with no amplification was 61% (no statistically significant difference). The 5-year survival rate for amplified cases of c-erbB-2 (10 cases) was 40%, against 52% for cases with no amplification. DNA content analysis using flow cytometry was more convenient than analysis of amplification of oncogenes, and reflects the prognosis of resected lung cancer better than oncogenes. There was no relation between DNA content and gene amplification.
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PMID:[Correlation between DNA content and amplification of oncogenes (c-myc, L-myc, c-erbB-2) and correlation with prognosis in 143 cases of resected lung cancer]. 809

Primary tumours from 100 Norwegian node-negative breast carcinoma patients were examined for c-erbB-2, int-2, and c-myc proto-oncogene amplification. c-erbB-2, int-2, and c-myc amplification was found in 12.1% (12 of 99), 8.6% (8 of 93), and 1.1% (1 of 89) of the samples respectively. All the c-erbB-2 amplified tumours were of the ductal type, and all the int-2 amplified tumours were oestrogen receptor positive. No other significant or borderline significant associations between gene amplification and clinical or histopathological parameters were found. Relapse occurred more frequently in patients with c-erbB-2 gene amplification (relapse in 33.3% of the patients with c-erbB-2 amplification compared to 20.7% in the non-amplified group), but the difference was not statistically significant, int-2 amplification was not associated with increased risk of relapse, whereas the prognostic value of the c-myc amplification could not be evaluated.
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PMID:Amplification of c-erbB-2, int-2 and c-myc genes in node-negative breast carcinomas. Relationship to prognosis. 810 Jul 12

The expression of the oncogenes c-fos, c-jun, c-myc, c-erbB-1 and c-erbB-2 at the protein level was analyzed in squamous cell lung carcinomas of 121 patients by means of immunohistochemistry. Patients with overexpression of proteins encoded by the oncogenes c-fos, c-jun and c-erbB-1 had significantly shorter survival times than these without overexpression of these oncogene products (c-fos: p = 0.009; c-jun: p = 0.029; c-erbB-1: p = 0.018). No significant correlations were found between the expression of c-myc and c-erbB-2 products and the survival of the patients. In addition to the univariate analyses (Kaplan-Meier-estimates) multivariate analyses (Cox-regression-model) revealed that protein expression of the oncogenes c-fos, c-jun and c-erbB-1 are significant prognostic factors in addition to staging.
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PMID:Prognostic significance of the expression of c-fos, c-jun and c-erbB-1 oncogene products in human squamous cell lung carcinomas. 810 Aug 21


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